纳米碳管的电子衍射及其螺旋度测量

本文对电弧放电和催化剂热解碳氢气法制备的多层直形纳米碳管的倒空间及其螺旋度，采用电子衍射进行了研究。结果表明：尽管制备方法不同，两类多层管的结构相似，皆由螺旋和非螺旋的单层石墨管组成；对其倒空间的分析以及系列倾转电子衍射实验证明，衍射图中测得的表观螺旋度值随和射条件而改变，只有在垂直入射条件下该值才代表碳管的真实螺旋度；     

反应离化团束（RICB）法生长CN硬质薄膜

用反应离化团束（ＲＩＣＢ）法，以低分子量聚乙烯为蒸发材料，氨气为反应气体，在ＮａＣｌ（１００）和Ｓｉ（１００）衬底上淀积Ｃ－Ｎ薄膜，透射电子衍射（ＴＥＭ）分析表明薄膜中含有β－Ｃ３Ｎ４晶粒，Ｘ射线光电子谱（ＸＰＳ）和红外吸收谱（ＩＲ）表明存在Ｃ，Ｎ原子的化学键合。     

C／O测井响应随源距变化的理论研究

针对井内介质分别为水、油，地层分别为３５％孔隙度饱和水砂和油砂的４种情况，采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟外径φ８９碳氧比测井仪不同源距处的非弹性散射伽马能谱。通过分析地层或井内介质不同时的Ｃ／Ｏ差值随源距变化的关系，为设计仪器推荐源距参数。     

国产活性炭在合成气净化中的应用

选择国产Ｋ０１活性炭脱除羰基铁、镍，以达到保护铑催化剂并减少副产物的目的。１年的实际应用结果表明：国产Ｋ０１活性炭能够替代进口活性炭在合成气净化中应用。     

On the suitability of agricultural by-products for the manufacture of granular activated carbon

An investigation of several agricultural by-products revealed that their suitability for activated carbon production is not determined by general material-specific features (elemental composition) but by type-specific features. A coarse-cellular structure (as in wood), which is indicated by porosities of the raw materials higher than 35% is disadvantageous. A specific change in the properties of cokes (porosity, density, hardness) is possible by varying the conditions of pyrolysis. By rapid heating in the pyrolysis step, for instance, macroporous residues are produced. Temperature and burnoff have the greatest influence on the quality of the activated carbon during the activation step. Of the investigated materials, coconut shells yield granular activated carbon of the highest quality. The following order of suitability of raw materials for activated carbon production was established: coconut shells> peach stones> plum stones> hazelnut shells> walnut shells> cherry stones.     

钠化焙烧钒渣同时加碳氯化挥发镓的研究

考察了低温400℃和中温800℃条件下,添加活性碳及液体含碳物纸浆与钒渣、NaCl和Na_2CO_3混合焙烧时氯化挥发镓及钒转比为水溶性钒的情况。本实验得到的最高η_(Ga)为35.1％。焙烧料中不含Na_2CO_3和焙烧温度为400℃时,钒转比为水溶性钒的比率(ηv.t)较低。纸浆添加比L_(纸浆)为0.05mL/g、配料比W_(Na_2CO_3)/W_(Nacl)=2时,可望同时得到较高的η_(Ga)和(ηv.t)。     

电子聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料研究进展

电子聚合物是一种新型的功能材料，碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能和独特的电学性能等，是聚合物基体复合材料的理想增强体，按不同电子聚合物基体类型进行了归纳，评述了电子聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料的制备，性能和应用等情况。     

Synthesis and Hydrogen Storage in Single—walled Carbon Nanotubes

Single=walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) were synthesized by a hydrogen arc discharge method.A high yield of gram quantity of SWNTs per hour was achieved.Tow kinds of SWNT products:web-like substancea and thin films in large slices were obtained. Results of resonant Raman scattering measurements indicate that the SWNTs prepared have a wider diameter distribution and a larger mean diameter.Hydrogen uptake measurements of the two kinds of SWNT samples(both as prepared and pretreated) were carried out using a high pressure volumetric method,respectively.And a hydrogen storage capacity of 4 wt pct could be repeatedly achieved for the suitably pretreated SWMNTs,whicb indicates that SWNTs may be a promising hydrogen storge material.     

石油焦原料性质及炭化工艺对活性炭性能的影响

从分析石油焦原料着手，考察了其热解特性、孔隙率和石墨化程度。由于石油焦结构致密，属易石墨化碳，因此用水蒸气法直接活化得到的炭质材料吸附性能差，其碘吸附值小于350mg/g。不同来源的石油焦由于组成不同，其活化性能也有差异。通过成型法，以金山石油焦为原料轻预炭化、预氧化和炭化，得到炭化料，再用水蒸气活化得到的活性炭的碘吸附值达800.40mg/g、亚甲蓝值达120.40mg/g。以独山子石油焦为主要原料制得的活性炭的碘吸附值与亚甲蓝值分别达871．58mg/g、100..67mg/g。     

Use of TNSAC in phosphate adsorption studies and relationships. Isotherm relationships and utility in the field

There is a need for developing low cost, easily and abundantly available, yet efficient, adsorbents for the removal of phosphates during the tertiary treatment of wastewaters. The tamarind nut shell activated carbon (TNSAC) prepared on a laboratory scale has been used to evaluate its performance for phosphate adsorption. This paper describes the laboratory production of this adsorbent material in its various forms, and discusses the effects of the TNSAC process variables (the unrinsed and rinsed forms of the TNSAC and the impregnation ratio) on its performance in adsorbing phosphate. The material has been shown to be a good alternative adsorbent. As much as 95% phosphate removal by the unrinsed TNSAC is possible in about 30 min under the test conditions. The phosphate adsorbing capacity is about two times higher for the unrinsed TNSAC in comparison to the rinsed TNSAC. The adsorption rates, however, transit to extremely low rates towards the end when equilibrium conditions could be attained in about 2 h contact time. The phosphate removal mechanics are adsorption and precipitation/ion exchange when unrinsed TNSAC is used, and adsorption alone for the rinsed TNSAC. The maximum phosphate removal is found to take place at an impregnation ratio of 1.0 for both forms of the TNSAC.