Minimum spanning trees made easier via multi-objective optimization

Many real-world problems are multi-objective optimization problems and evolutionary algorithms are quite successful on such problems. Since the task is to compute or approximate the Pareto front, multi-objective optimization problems are considered as more difficult than single-objective problems. One should not forget that the fitness vector with respect to more than one objective contains more information that in principle can direct the search of evolutionary algorithms. Therefore, it is possible that a single-objective problem can be solved more efficiently via a generalized multi-objective model of the problem. That this is indeed the case is proved by investigating the computation of minimum spanning trees.This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) as part of the Collaborative Research Center Computational Intelligence (SFB 531) and by the German-Israeli Foundation (GIF) in the project Robustness Aspects of Algorithms.     

用视频显微镜测试棉纤维成熟度

对比分析了用视频显微镜、普通生物显微镜测试棉纤维成熟度的方法和特点。试验表明，视频显微镜法比普通生物显微镜法较为方便和快捷，精确度高，适合棉纤维成熟度测试与分析。     

三峡地下电站主厂房顶拱开挖施工

三峡工程地下电站主厂房顶拱跨度32．60m，上覆山体最薄处仅35m，属埋深浅、局部围岩偏薄的超大型地下洞室。通过合理的施工组织、质量和安全控制，主厂房顶拱开挖按时、保质完成。三峡工程地下电站主厂房顶拱开挖施工技术及管理经验可供有关工程参考。     

四角切圆燃烧锅炉低负荷燃用贫瘦煤的运行措施

针对淮北国安电力有限公司1号、2号炉燃用高灰分、低热值贫瘦煤出现的燃烧不良问题,从改善炉内空气动力场、提高炉内温度及煤粉浓度、改进配风方式等方面提出了相应的运行措施。实施后,基本避免了因燃煤质量差而灭火事故,效果良好。     

国电双鸭山发电有限公司工业废水的回收

阐述了国电双鸭山发电有限公司工业废水回收的必要性和废水排放现状.确定实现污水零排放工程的方案.计算了回收改造工程实施后的经济效益,这对保护电厂周边环境、减少环境污染有重要意义.     

推拉式浅槽盐酸酸洗工艺的操作经验

介绍了带钢推拉式浅槽紊流盐酸酸洗各工序的操作经验,并提出了建议。     

Internal-corrosion inhibitors for pipelines carrying deaerated heating water

The effect of internal-corrosion inhibitors on heating-system pipelines is investigated. Tests were conducted on a testing device for polarization measurements under conditions corresponding to the Rostov Heat-Supply System. The concentration of OEDP-zinc, which provides a high degree of protection from general corrosion, is determined. The reagent has been successfully incorporated into the Rostov No. 2 TPP. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 7, July 2007, pp. 37–43.     

水电工程坝基岩体研究现状与发展的思考

以国内部分重点水电工程为例，对我国水电工程建设中坝基岩体质量分类、主要岩石力学参数的选取、大坝建基面的确定及弱风化岩体利用情况进行总结与分析；指出简化的坝基岩体多因子分类、岩体力学参数的提取与岩体质量分类相配套、按等值线提取岩体物理力学参数并动态确定大坝建基面的方法，应是水电工程坝基工程岩体研究的发展趋势。     

从动齿轮内孔超差补救方法

通过两种工艺试验证明,采用保护气氛加热入缓冷筒冷却进行收缩齿轮内孔的方法,较好地解决了从动齿轮因孔大超差报废问题,使90%的齿轮达到了产品技术要求.     

A frame-based knowledge representation model and its mapping to nested relations

The first part of this paper introduces the basic constructs of a frame representation model and gives a formal definition for them. Subsequently the nested relational model (NF²) is described as an extension of the classical relational model to support relation-valued attributes. In the second part of this paper both models are compared with each other and a mapping of frame representation structures to NF² structures is specified. The structural similarities between frames and NF² relations are made clear and it is shown that their main difference is due to the type polymorphism introduced by the concept hierarchy of the frame model. This causes type collisions to occur in the strictly typed NF² model when frames are directly mapped to NF² structures. Two solutions to this problem are suggested and compared. The paper concludes with a reformulation of query operations of the frame model in terms of NF² algebra operations.