牛奶纤维理化性能及其开发应用探讨

文章介绍了牛奶纤维的理化性能,利用纤维强伸度测试仪对牛奶纤维的机械性能进行了测试,利用差示扫描量热器和热重分析仪对牛奶纤维的热学性能进行了分析研究。分析了牛奶纤维的化学性能、染色性能及保健护肤、天然抑菌等特殊功能,探讨了牛奶纤维的产品开发和应用。     

阻燃粘胶/不锈钢纤维混纺纱线的开发及其性能

研究了表观直径12μm×45mm的不锈钢纤维与1.33dtex×40mm的阻燃粘胶纤维的基本性能及其混纺纱的主要结构参数,设计并研制了不锈钢纤维含量1%-40%的10种混纺纱线。对不锈钢纤维含量与混纺纱力学、燃烧、电学等主要特性进行了分析研究。所用方法及所得结论可为集成阻燃、永久性抗静电乃至抗电磁辐射的功能性产品开发提供借鉴。     

国产清梳联短绒的控制

阐述了短绒产生的原因与危害,分析了清梳联短绒增加较多的原因,提出了清梳联工序有效控制短绒的措施,认为应采取“连续喂棉、薄喂轻打”措施,减少纤维损伤;同时注意开松梳理适度,排除结杂和减少短绒兼顾。     

光纤感温火灾预警监测系统的设计与应用分析

阐述光纤感温预警监测系统的工作原理、系统设计及应用研究方面的概况及意义,探讨光纤感温火灾预警监测系统的设计与应用.     

腈纶表面接枝蛋白质改性纤维的结构与性能

腈纶经过表面水解、酰氯化和接枝反应等过程在表面接枝上大豆蛋白质,制成了蛋白质接枝改性腈纶。对其进行物理力学性能分析、红外分析和电子显微镜形貌观察表明:改性腈纶在表面接枝蛋白质的效果明显,其表面完全覆盖上了完整致密的蛋白质表面膜层;X射线衍射分析表明,蛋白质接枝改性腈纶的超分子结构与普通腈纶相比并没有发生大的变化,基本保持了原有腈纶的高序态和低序态共存的结构特征。     

Experimental study on the deformation and failure mechanism of overburden rock during coal mining using a comprehensive intelligent sensing method

Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of overburden deformation during coal mining is still a challenge in engineering practice due to the limitation of monitoring techniques. Taking the Yangliu Coal Mine as an example, a similarity model test was designed and conducted to investigate the deformation and failure mechanism of overlying rocks in this study. Distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS), highdensity electrical resistivity tomography(HD-ERT) and close-range photogrammetry(CRP) technolo...     

光纤激光传感技术及其应用

超高灵敏度的信号探测在石油勘探、地震预报和安全监测等领域都具有重要的应用价值.近年来出现了一种以分布反馈(DFB)光纤激光器为传感元件的新一代光纤传感器,它具有尺寸小、输出激光信号极窄的光谱线宽和极低的噪声等优势,与高分辨率波长解调技术结合可以达到极高的探测灵敏度.介绍了在光纤激光传感技术及其应用技术方面的研究进展,包括线宽仅为3 kHz、尺寸仅为3.6 cm的窄线宽低噪声DFB光纤激光器的研制及其测试,波长分辨率达3.5×10~(-7) pm/Hz~(1/2)的超高分辨率波长解调系统,基于密集波分复用的光纤激光传感网络,以及相关技术在水声和地震波探测中的应用研究.     

金属基底增敏的干涉型高温光纤传感器

为了实现对井下潜油电泵机组温度的实时监测,设计了一种由粗锥型单模--多模--单模(Coarse Cone Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode, CCSMS)构成的马赫--曾德尔干涉(Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, MZI)型高温光纤传感器。该结构采用直接熔接的方法将单模光纤与多模光纤相熔接;接着通过调整熔接机的熔接参数,在单模光纤上制作出粗锥结构;最后将制备的结构嵌入铜基板的U型槽中,实现传感器的增敏封装。对封装后的传感器的温度响应特性进行了测试。实验结果表明,在40～250℃的温度范围内,该传感器实现了灵敏度为124.9 pm/℃的温度传感。对其稳定性和重复性进行了测试。结果表明,传感器的稳定性最大误差约为0.44%,重复性最大误差约为2.29 pm/℃。该传感器具有灵敏度高、重复性和稳定性好的特点,有望用于油气井下潜油电泵机组的温度监测。     

Association of Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Progression—Comparative Microarray Gene Expression Analysis

The role of the ligamentum flavum (LF) in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is not well understood. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we investigated the degrees of LF hypertrophy in 18 patients without scoliosis and on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in 22 patients with AIS. Next, gene expression was compared among neutral vertebral LF and LF on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in patients with AIS. Histological and microarray analyses of the LF were compared among neutral vertebrae (control) and the LF on the apex of the curvatures. The mean area of LF in the without scoliosis, apical concave, and convex with scoliosis groups was 10.5, 13.5, and 20.3 mm², respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that the ratio of fibers (Collagen/Elastic) was significantly increased on the convex side compared to the concave side (p < 0.05). Microarray analysis showed that ERC2 and MAFB showed significantly increased gene expression on the convex side compared with those of the concave side and the neutral vertebral LF cells. These genes were significantly associated with increased expression of collagen by LF cells (p < 0.05). LF hypertrophy was identified in scoliosis patients, and the convex side was significantly more hypertrophic than that of the concave side. ERC2 and MAFB genes were associated with LF hypertrophy in patients with AIS. These phenomena are likely to be associated with the progression of scoliosis.     

Pure Chitosan Biomedical Textile Fibers from Mixtures of Low- and High-Molecular Weight Bidisperse Polymer Solutions: Processing and Understanding of Microstructure–Mechanical Properties’ Relationship

Natural polymers, as extracted from biomass, may exhibit large macromolecular polydispersity. We investigated the impact of low molar mass chitosan (LMW, DP_w~115) on the properties of chitosan fibers obtained by wet spinning of chitosan solutions with bimodal distributions of molar masses. The fiber crystallinity index (CrI) was assessed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and the mechanical properties were obtained by uniaxial tensile tests. The LMW chitosan showed to slightly increase the crystallinity index in films which were initially processed from the bimodal molar mass chitosan solutions, as a result of increased molecular mobility and possible crystal nucleating effects. Nevertheless, the CrI remained almost constant or slightly decreased in stretched fibers at increasing content of LMW chitosan in the bidisperse chitosan collodion. The ultimate mechanical properties of fibers were altered by the addition of LMW chitosan as a result of a decrease of entanglement density and chain orientation in the solid state. An increase of crystallinity might not be expected from LMW chitosan with a still relatively high degree of polymerization (DPw ≥ 115). Instead, different nucleation agents—either smaller molecules or nanoparticles—should be used to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan fibers for textile applications.