Adsorption and electrothermal desorption of organic vapors using activated carbon adsorbents with novel morphologies

Novel morphologies of activated carbons such as monolith, beads and fiber cloth can effectively capture organic vapors from industrial sources. These adsorbent materials are also unique because they can undergo direct electrothermal regeneration to recover the adsorbed organic vapors for potential re-use. This investigation compares and contrasts the properties of these adsorbents when using electrothermal-swing adsorption. The adsorption systems consisted of an organic vapor generation system, an electrothermal-swing adsorption vessel, a gas detection unit, and a data acquisition and control system. The activated carbon monolith (ACM) had the lowest pressure drop, highest permeability, highest electrical resistivity and lowest cost as compared to the activated carbon beads (ACB) and the activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC). ACB had the largest throughput ratio and lowest length of unused bed as compared to the other adsorbents. However, ACFC had the largest adsorption capacity for toluene when compared to ACM and ACB. ACFC was also faster to regenerate and had a larger concentration factor than ACM and ACB. These results describe relevant physical, electrical, adsorption and cost properties for specific morphologies of the adsorbents to more effectively capture and recover organic vapors from gas streams.     

Activated carbon fiber cloths as electrodes for high performance electric double layer capacitors

Activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) electrodes with high double layer capacitance and good rate capability were prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fabrics by optimizing the carbonization temperature prior to CO₂ activation. The carbonization temperature has a marked effect on both the pore structure and the electrochemical performances of the ACFCs. Moderate carbonization at 600 °C results in higher specific surface area and larger pore size, and hence higher capacitance and better rate capability. The specific capacitance of the ACFCs in 6 mol L⁻¹ KOH aqueous solution can be as high as 208 F g⁻¹. It remains 129 F g⁻¹ as the current density increases to 10 000 mA g⁻¹.     

近红外光谱技术在酚醛预浸布中的应用

为了对预浸布进行快速检测,采用近红外漫反射的方法对高硅氧/酚醛预浸布,碳/酚醛预浸布中的树脂含量、可溶树脂含量和挥发份含量进行在线监测,三项指标同时显示.通过偏最小二乘方法分别建立标准模型,用模型的评价指标评价,分析未知样品.用近红外方法在1 min之内同时分析出结果,没有破坏性.用近红外的测定结果和标准方法的测定结果相比,两者不存在显著性差异.近红外光谱的方法可以应用在酚醛预浸料生产线上.     

Hydrotreating processes for catalytic abatement of water pollutants

Opportunities and problems in application of catalytic hydrotreating processes, which are presented a viable approach in the abatement of water pollutants, are discussed. Analysis of the hydrodechlorination (HDC) and hydrodenitrification (HDN) using Pd-based catalysts supported on various materials like granulated activated carbon (GAC), fibrous activated carbon cloths (ACCs) or glass fiber cloths (GFCs) studied recently in our laboratory suggests the following perspectives:

Exhaustive regeneration of Pd/GAC saturated with p-chlorophenol can be achieved in a two-step approach, incorporating gas-phase HDC by hydrogen followed by oxidation by air.

Pd/ACC catalysts are good candidates for the liquid-phase HDC showing activity higher than that of Pd/GAC or Pd/GFC; the high adsorption capacity of Pd/ACC lead suggesting its use in a technology with periodic adsorption and HDC, in similarity to adsorption with regeneration of GAC.

Pd/GFC and Pd–Cu/GFC are promising catalyst for removal of nitrites and nitrates, showing activity and selectivity that compares favorably with those of powdered catalysts.

从市场营销角度谈马尾绣新产品开发的必要性

为面临濒危的水族马尾绣非物质文化艺术遗产在当今时代承传与发展开辟新途经。通过大量田野调查和对马尾绣现有产品状况的分析,总结出水族古老传统的马尾绣“绝活”只有以市场为导向;以消费者需求为出发点;以现代高科技与马尾绣技艺特点等有机结合．在市场营销理论的指导进行现代旅游等产品的创新和研发。才能真正实现马尾绣非物质文化艺术遗产在当今时代环境下的生存与发展。从而承传优秀灿烂的水族古老文化技艺,丰富现代文化艺术与设计元素。     

刺绣艺术中人物绣的艺术语言探析

人物绣在我国刺绣艺术中占有重要地位,根据所用的针法技艺和艺术特征,人物绣大致可归纳为写真人物绣、写意人物绣和装饰人物绣三种类型,写真人物绣以真实人物为绣制对象,追求逼真传神,刺绣语言鲜活生动;表意人物绣重在传达作者意象,注重人物动作及与环境关系的塑造,刺绣语言精致细腻;装饰人物绣富有装饰性和夸张的艺术效果,刺绣语言多元丰富。     

Adsorption of zinc, cadmium and mercury ions from aqueous solutions on an activated carbon cloth

The adsorption of zinc, cadmium and mercury ions from aqueous solutions on an activated carbon cloth was studied as a function of their concentrations and solution pH. For that purpose, pertinent adsorption isotherm data was collected at different pH values. The amount of adsorbed zinc and cadmium ions increases while the amount of adsorbed mercury remains constant with an increase in the equilibrium pH of the solution. The adsorption mechanisms of metal ions on activated carbon cloth are discussed. Under the conditions investigated, these primarily involve adsorption of monovalent cations (Zn and Cd) or precipitation of metal hydroxides (Cd and Hg) on the activated carbon cloth tested.     

废棉布制备高粘度羧甲基纤维素

为纺织废料的再利用,本文以废棉布为原料制备高粘度羧甲基纤维,采用碱醚同釜法及正交实验,通过测试粘度得到最佳反应条件为:浴比为1∶3,氢氧化钠质量分数为30%,氯乙酸乙醇质量分数为30%,醚化时间为2 h,碱化时间为2 h,碱化温度为35~40℃,醚化初期温度为40~45℃,后期温度为70℃,羧甲基纤维素的的粘度值为932.6mPa.s。     

热定型工艺对斜纹涤纶机织滤布透气性能的影响

通过改变热定型温度、时间等工艺条件测试了织物热定型前后的透气性的变化,探讨了热定型工艺参数对涤纶机织滤布透气性的影响规律;采用二次回归正交设计得出斜纹涤纶机织滤布透气性与定型工艺的非线性关系,建立了热定型工艺与织物透气性影响规律的二次回归非线性经验方程.在定型温度为212℃、定型时间为143 s时涤纶机织滤布的透气量达...     

Effects of molasses grass,Melinis minutiflora volatiles on the foraging behavior of the cereal stemborer parasitoid,Cotesia sesamiae

Olfactory responses of the cereal stemborer parasitoid Cotesia sesamiae to volatiles emitted by gramineous host and nonhost plants of the stemborers were studied in a Y-tube olfactometer. The host plants were maize (Zea mays) and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor), while the nonhost plant was molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora). In single-choice tests, females of C. sesamiae chose volatiles from infested and uninfested host plants and molasses grass over volatiles from the control (soil). In dual-choice tests, the wasp preferred volatiles from infested host plants to those from uninfested host plants. There was no discrimination between molasses grass volatiles and those of uninfested maize, uninfested sorghum, or infested maize. The wasp preferred sorghum volatiles over maize. Combining uninfested maize or sorghum with molasses grass did not make volatiles from the combination more attractive as compared to only uninfested host plants. Infested maize alone was as attractive as when combined with molasses grass. Infested sorghum was preferred over its combination with molasses grass. Local growth conditions of the molasses grasses influenced attractiveness to the parasitoids. Volatiles from Thika molasses grass were attractive, while those from Mbita molasses grass were not. Growing the Thika molasses grass in Mbita rendered it unattractive and vice versa with the Mbita molasses grass. This is a case of the same genotype expressing different phenotypes due to environmental factors.