一种基于遗传算法的脑MR图像去偏移场模型

由于磁共振图像(magnetic resonance images,MRI)常含有偏移场而影响后继图像分割,针对这种图像的分割,采用Legendre多项式基函数来拟合偏移场,可以去除偏移场对图像分割的影响。当使得恢复图像的信息熵达到最小时,则求得的偏移场最优。在求偏移场的过程中,需要求解基函数的参数,由于传统的梯度下降法易陷入局部最优,为解决此问题,提出将遗传算法引入到参数求解过程中,然而传统的遗传算法不仅时间复杂度高,且易陷入局部最优,为此需对遗传算法进行改进,使得不仅更容易得到全局最优解,且时间复杂度较低。实验证明,该改进算法可以得到精确的偏移场,并可得到准确的分割结果。     

电阻层析成像测量模式仿真研究

电阻层析成像可分为相邻、相对和对角三种测量模式.为了分析不同模式下边界测量信号和敏感场的差异,建立了传感器的电流激励、电压测量有限元模型并开发了有限元软件包,可以方便的对场域进行仿真研究.仿真结果表明,相对模式和对角模式的测量电压均高于相邻模式,有利于测量;敏感场均匀性也好于相邻模式,有利于提高反演成像质量,但相邻模式电极间切换简单、电路容易实现.在硬件条件允许的情况下,相对模式和对角模式将成为电阻层析成像更好的发展方向.     

有限域GF（2^m）幂运算的一种新方法

在有限域GF（2^m）引进了开平方运算,描述了有限域GF（2^m）上利用开平方求幂的一种新方法。与经典的平方一乘求幂算法相比,在只增加少量预计算的情况下,新的方法所需GF（2^m）上的乘法运算少33％。     

锰红柱石中Mn~（3＋）谱的分析

本文利用锰红柱石的吸收光谱,考虑到锰红柱石中Ｍｎ３＋处于一种Ｃ２ｖ（Ｃ２＇＇）的低对称晶位,采用一简化的强场方案,把单电子晶场矩阵元用自旋允许吸收带代替,克服了多参数的困难．计算出了锰红柱石中处于八面体配位的Ｍｎ３＋的电子能谱,对锰红柱石的分析首次获得了较为理想的理论计算结果,并对Ｍｎ３＋和Ｆｅ３＋谱带的识别提出了新的看法．     

Digital sound broadcasting: Satellites or Terrestrial Networks?

When European laboratories decided to develop a digital sound broadcasting system (DSB), they specified three main conditions to fulfil:

• quality improvement up to the level of ‘CD’ sound, even in difficult reception conditions (mobile vehicles, etc)
• additional significant digital data transmissions in order to transform sound broadcasting into a really new service
• the possibility of a common system for satellite and terrestrial transmissions.

It is on these bases that the European project ‘Eureka 147’ defined the system called DAB (digital audio broadcasting). In 1992, the ITU Conference WARC 92 allocated 40 MHz to DSB in the L-band in the configuration of complementary terrestrial and satellite networks; nevertheless, the present state of technical possibilities makes such mixed networks almost unfeasible and the lack of available spectrum in VHF bands led a significant number of countries to envisage L-band for T-DAB. The situation could turn to a competition between terrestrial and satellite networks, especially because the bandwidth in L-band is not that large! France belongs to the countries facing this problem. L-band alone is intended to be used by T-DAB, and broadcasters taking part in the work of ‘Club DAB’ estimated that 20 MHz would be a minimum to ensure the success of T-DAB introduction. It is half of the DSB band. Splitting this band into two parts has already been decided by CEPT, but in the proportion of 1/3 for T-DAB. This organization intends to arrange a European planning meeting for T-DAB in July 1995, and, shortly after, several countries are ready to start the implementation of the terrestrial networks. At the same time, international broadcasters wonder whether satellite transmission could present an alternative to HF.     

A variable-precision square root implementation for field programmable gate arrays

Applications requiring variable-precision arithmetic often rely on software implementations because custom hardware is either unavailable or too costly to build. By using the flexibility of the Xilinx XC4010 field programmable gate arrays, we present a hardware implementation of square root that is easily tailored to any desired precision. Our design consists of three types of modules: a control logic module, a data path module to extend the precision in 4-bit increments, and an interface module to span multiple chips. Our data path design avoids the common problem of large fan-out delay in the critical path. Cycle time is independent of precision, and operation latency can be independent of interchip communication delays.Notation S_j square root digit of weight 2^–j - S _j {–1, 0, 1} - S[j] computed square root value as of stepj - S _j ^s sign bit in the representation ofS _j in sign and magnitude form - S _j ^m magnitude bit in the representation ofS _j in sign and magnitude form - w[j] residual at stepj in two's complement carry-save representation - a sum vector in the carry-save representation of 2w[j] - b carry vector in the carry-save representation of 2w[j] - a _i bit of weight 2^–i in the sum vector,a - b_i bit of weight 2^–i in the carry vector,b - T[j]=–S[j – 1]s_j – s _j ² 2^–(j+1) T _i bit of weight 2^–i inT     

基于RGBD数据与深度权重的压缩光场显示

使用多层空间光调制器的压缩光场(compressive light field,CLF) 显示技术具有空间带宽利用率高、图像分辨率好等优势,是一种很有前景的光场显示技术。传统的方法将光场分解视为超定问题并使用优化算法求解。随着重建光场的分辨率、深度、视角等性能参数的提升,优化算法的计算效率低、内存消耗大的缺陷被放大,难以实现快速计算。为此,本文提出了一种新型CLF分解算法,该算法将原始光场分解为物点进行存储,仅占用少量内存;利用深度权重和加权平均代替了优化算法,大幅提高了运算效率。在同等条件下,所提出的算法占用内存仅是传统方法的38.8%,计算时间缩短了93.7%,图像质量提高约1 dB。最后通过仿真和实验两种方式对比了该方法和传统方法的显示效果,验证了算法的有效性。     

一种基于交流电场感应的取能电源设计

基于交流电场感应的取能电源是输电线路在线监测装置的一种新型供电方式,但由于其输出功率较低,目前还难以满足在线监测装置的用电需求。针对此问题,文中在理论分析影响取能功率因素的基础上,提出了一种新型的感应电极结构,并进行了仿真分析和实验验证。研究表明,在10kV电压等级下,所设计的感应电极可产生3.35mA的位移电流,在负载电阻大于5kΩ时取能电源可输出600mW以上的连续功率。本文的原理和方法为解决在线监测装置的供电问题提供了新的思路。     

高压XLPE电缆缓冲层烧蚀故障机理分析与结构优化

高压交联聚乙烯(cross-linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆缓冲层烧蚀故障频发,在行业内引起广泛关注。电缆结构优化有利于解决放电烧蚀问题,文中从缓冲层放电灼伤机理角度出发,建立电缆有限元模型进行电场仿真,分析讨论不同结构参数下气隙电场分布的变化,并开展模拟试验对结构优化方案进行研究。结果表明：在满足电缆设计要求的前提下,减小缓冲层厚度、减小轧纹深度、增加金属套和缓冲层的挤压深度有利于减弱接触不良导致的气隙电场畸变;平滑铝套结构与缓冲层的接触电阻较小,在抑制缓冲层放电烧蚀故障方面具有优势。     

固体激光器晶体吸收光场的设计仿真

设计了3类8种二极管侧面泵浦结构,构建了相应的泵浦光学理论模型,采用有限元分析方法,计算了不同结构下的吸收效率和矩阵元素标准差。首先,在给定泵浦总功率、芯片间距、掺杂浓度等前提下,随着泵浦距离在0～5 mm内递增,8种泵浦结构中激光晶体的吸收效率呈降低趋势,矩阵元素标准差也逐渐减小,其中部分结构在近距离(0～0.3 mm)泵浦时矩阵元素标准差变化程度较大,在实际应用中应避免泵浦距离处于近距离区间。其次,在相同结构参量下,随着晶体掺杂浓度在0.6%～1.0%内增加,激光晶体的吸收效率提高,同时,掺杂浓度提升也是造成截面中心峰值降低或半径方向上光场凹陷的原因。因此,掺杂浓度和泵浦距离的匹配将是提升半径方向上均匀性分布的有效手段。