Duffing混沌振子用于交联聚乙烯电缆水树在线检测

交联聚乙烯电缆在线检测对电力电缆的安全运行具有重要意义。交流电压叠加法是目前XLPE电缆水树检测的有效方法,其关键问题是表征水树劣化缺陷的微弱的1 Hz特征信号电流的测量。笔者将混沌控制理论应用于XLPE电缆水树检测中,利用Duffing混沌振子系统对与周期策动力同频的微弱周期信号敏感,而对频差较大的信号及噪声免疫的特性,构造特定的混沌系统,并以测量信号作为混沌振子系统周期策动力的扰动,实现对1 Hz特征信号的精确测量。实验表明,该方法能有效检测该特征电流,并具有高灵敏度和检测精度。     

配网电力电缆故障探测的新方法探讨

论文分析了传统配网电力电缆故障探测方法的不足和缺点，提出了利用高频感应法及红外热象技术两种新方法来进行故障探测，高频感应法较之音频感应法有许多优点，而红外热象技术的先进性使其有很大发展潜力，是值得采用的电缆故障探测新方法。     

利用模拟热荷法计算地下电缆稳态温度场

根据电场和温度场的相似性,提出了用于计算地下电缆群稳态温度场的模拟热荷法。利用热路的方法将电缆金属套损耗和铠装层损耗归算到电缆导体。利用调和平均法对电缆导体外的多层介质进行处理,最终将电缆等效为导体和外护层的2层结构。根据换热量相等的原则,将地表空气对流换热系数等效为一定厚度的土壤。在电缆线芯和空气中用模拟热荷代替原来的线芯损耗和空气对土壤温度场的影响。然后根据镜像法,按照地表空气等温、导体等温以及外护层和土壤边界温度梯度相同列出约束方程组。利用高斯法求解方程组,求得地下电缆群稳态温度场的分布。试验和有限元仿真验证了模拟热荷法在地下电缆群稳态温度场计算中的有效性。     

高温超导电缆的研发现状和发展趋势

与常规电缆相比,高温超导电缆具有体积小、重量轻、容量大、电流密度高、损耗低、环境友好等优势,为未来电网提供了一种新的电力传输方式。随着高温超导线材取得的重要研究进展,国际上相继开展了高温超导电缆的研发,已有多条超导电缆工程成功地进行了挂网示范运行。本文介绍高温超导电缆的研发进展情况,并简单对高温超导电缆的发展趋势和关键技术做出展望。     

蜗壳座环与混凝土基础联合受力应力分析研究

本文根据蜗壳、座环应力计算和实测资料,进行了系统而大量的有限元分析,得出了符合实际情况的力学模型,提高了计算精度,满足了大型机组的设计要求。又在深入研究一些主要因素相互影响的基础上,提出了大型水电机组有关构件联合承载的新建议。     

预张力值对郑州会展中心斜拉结构的稳定性能影响分析

郑州国际会展中心钢屋盖采用空间斜拉式张弦桁架结构,预张力的施加成为影响结构稳定性能的主要因素之一。以其钢屋盖的一个矩形单元为算例,借助ANSYS分析软件,模拟结构的初始状态进行分析。在自重和预张力作用下,对下悬张拉索分别施加不同大小的预张力,从0 kN到1 500 kN共计18种,研究预张力值变化与结构稳定安全系数以及屈曲模态变化所呈现出的关系。结果表明,预张力值对结构稳定性能的影响趋于复杂化和无规律化。建议在预张力施加过程中,对于稳定性能的影响评判要兼顾多方面的考虑。为斜拉张弦桁架体系在初始状态下的预张力取值提供了设计依据。     

管道内填充导热介质提高电缆载流量

电力电缆排管敷设时,因预埋管中空气热阻较大,使其载流量比直埋方式的载流量有显著下降。为提高预埋管敷设方式下电缆输送能力,可向管道内填充导热介质以改善管道的散热状况。采用基于坐标组合的有限差分法,编制了电缆排管敷设温度场和载流量通用计算程序。程序计算结果与模拟试验及现场试验结果相符。计算结果表明,单回路电缆填充导热介质可提高载流量约5.6%,降低缆芯温度约7°C。多回路电缆由于电缆间的互热效应,填充导热介质对提高载流量的作用显著减小。管道内填充导热介质,可降低电缆运行温度,提高电缆输送能力。     

数字通信对称电缆生产工艺及设备探讨

主要介绍了数字通信对称电缆主要生产工艺流程、各工序主要工艺控制点,比较了国内外常用数字通信电缆生产设备性能以及设备主要技术参数。     

Switching rate and receiver performance of binary modulations with the selection‐and‐stay combining over independent and correlated Nakagami‐m fading channels

The dual‐branch selection‐and‐stay combining (SSTC) is analyzed for diversity reception on independent and correlated Nakagami‐m fading channels, where the conventional selection combining (SC) is employed only at the switching instance, and the receiver uses the selected branch till its signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) estimation is lower than a preset threshold. In this combining scheme, the receiver only needs to continuously estimate the SNR of the single selected branch. For the performance analysis of SSTC, the switching rate and the average bit error rates (BERs) of different binary coherent and non‐coherent modulations are evaluated. Numerical results based on the analysis and simulations are illustrated. According to the analysis and numerical results, the SSTC outperforms the existing switch‐and‐stay combining in the senses of the average BER and switching rate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

‘Beautiful’ unconventional synthesis and processing technologies of superconductors and some other materials

Abstract

Superconducting materials have contributed significantly to the development of modern materials science and engineering. Specific technological solutions for their synthesis and processing helped in understanding the principles and approaches to the design, fabrication and application of many other materials. In this review, we explore the bidirectional relationship between the general and particular synthesis concepts. The analysis is mostly based on our studies where some unconventional technologies were applied to different superconductors and some other materials. These technologies include spray-frozen freeze-drying, fast pyrolysis, field-assisted sintering (or spark plasma sintering), nanoblasting, processing in high magnetic fields, methods of control of supersaturation and migration during film growth, and mechanical treatments of composite wires. The analysis provides future research directions and some key elements to define the concept of ‘beautiful’ technology in materials science. It also reconfirms the key position and importance of superconductors in the development of new materials and unconventional synthesis approaches.