缝合式复合材料夹芯板的动态特性

以典型缝合式复合材料夹芯板为研究对象,建立其动力学方程,开展该夹芯板的动态特性研究,探讨了缝合密度和缝合线角度对夹芯板模态特性、频响特性以及随机动响应的影响。研究结果表明:缝合线的存在增强了面板与夹芯层间的整体性,提高了夹芯板的固有频率,并约束了夹芯板的局部模态,降低了结构的模态密度,整体上降低了夹芯板在噪声载荷作用下的加速度及响应能量,但对结构应力响应影响较小;缝合线主要降低了上面板的动响应,对主承力板的动响应影响相对较小;随着缝合密度的增大,缝合式夹芯板的整体性逐渐提高,加速度及响应能量逐渐降低并收敛;缝合线角度则对结构总体动态特性影响不明显。     

缝合复合材料可用性--环境条件下层合板的冲击后压缩性能

为了解决缝合复合材料在航空航天结构中的应用问题,对国内生产的缝合/树脂膜渗透成型工艺复合材料层合板在三种不同环境条件下的低速冲击后压缩性能进行试验研究.结果表明,缝合改变了含冲击损伤层合板的压缩破坏机理,可以大幅度提高层合板在干态常温下的冲击后剩余压缩强度,但是对湿态高温下层合板的冲击后剩余压缩强度影响不大;缝合方向对冲击损伤面积和剩余压缩强度的影响较小,其中以0°缝合较为有利.     

缝合复合材料层板三维纤维弯曲模型及压缩强度预报

提出了三维纤维弯曲模型, 基于有限元法和周期性边界条件建立了缝合层板压缩强度分析方法, 采用桥联模型和最大应力判据分析损伤扩展并获得压缩强度, 预报结果与试验吻合较好。详细探讨了缝合参数对层合板压缩强度的影响规律, 结果表明: 缝合方向与表面纤维方向一致时, 较小的缝合针距和行距、较大的缝合线半径对压缩强度较为有利; 缝合方向与表面纤维方向垂直时, 较小的缝合针距和缝合线半径、较大的缝合行距对压缩强度较为有利。      

含冲击损伤缝合层板剩余压缩强度

通过对含冲击损伤缝合复合材料层板进行压缩实验, 揭示了含损伤缝合层板在压缩载荷下的破坏模式和破坏机制。将冲击损伤等效为圆孔, 利用杂交单元计算冲击后缝合层板的应力分布, 采用基于特征曲线概念的点应力判据预测了含损伤缝合层板的剩余压缩强度。研究结果表明: 冲击损伤近似为圆形; 缝合和未缝合层板冲击后压缩的损伤模式不同; 采用开口等效法可以有效分析缝合层板的剩余压缩强度; 特征距离、 损伤面积是影响计算结果的主要因素。     

双轴载荷下缝合层板的强度预测

基于缝合层板单层单胞细观力学模型,研究了单层板在拉、压、剪下的力学特性。根据经典层板理论建立了缝合层板在双轴载荷下的强度模型,并考虑了缝合造成表面层和内部层刚度和强度的差异。通过有限元软件ABAQUS分析了双轴载荷多种工况下缝合层板的损伤演化过程,揭示了缝合层板的失效机理,获得了缝合层板在双轴载荷下的失效包络线以及对应比率载荷下的应力应变曲线。所预测的失效模式和失效强度与实验取得了较好的吻合。通过分析表明缝合层板单层在剪切载荷下表现出一定的非线性特性。多轴多向层板在双轴载荷下表现出较强的耦合性。     

Multicamera measurement system to evaluate the dynamic response of utility‐scale wind turbine blades

Wind turbine blade certification requires static and fatigue testing at a large‐scale facility similar to the Wind Technology Testing Center (WTTC) located in Charlestown, Massachusetts. Usually, these tests are conducted by using wire‐based sensors such as strain gages, accelerometers, and string potentiometers. These systems are expensive, require a time‐consuming installation (e.g., up to 3 weeks and $35 k–$50 k for a strain gage system on a 55‐m‐long blade), are difficult to deploy on large‐sized structures, require additional instrumentations (e.g., power amplifiers and data acquisition systems), and produce results only at a handful of a discrete number of measurement points. In this study, a multicamera measurement system is implemented and experimentally evaluated to obtain full‐field displacement and strain over a ~12‐m‐long portion of a ~60‐m utility‐scale wind turbine blade. The proposed system has the potential to streamline the certification process by reducing the blade's preparation and sensor installation cost and time to a few hundreds of dollars (for painting equipment) and a few days for preparing the surface of the blade for the test. Furthermore, operational modal analysis was used in conjunction with the multicamera system to estimate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the wind turbine blade. The obtained results have shown that the proposed approach can detect in‐plane displacement as low as 0.2 mm, mechanical strain with an error below 3% when compared with measurement performed using strain gages, and the first five natural frequencies with an error below 2% when compared with data recorded using traditional wire‐based accelerometers. This paper presents these results and provides a summary of the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed optical measurement approach in the context of streamlining the blade certification/testing process and performing vision‐based structural dynamic measurements on large‐scale structures.