高速钢W6Mo5Cr4V2的脱磷试验

在３０ｋｇ感应炉上用ＣａＯ－Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＣａＦ２－ＦｅｘＯ（ＭｏＯ３）渣、ＭｏＣｌ６粉剂和Ａｌ－Ｃａ合金作脱磷剂对高速钢Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２进行脱磷试验。结果表明，ＣａＯ－Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＣａＦ２－ＦｅｘＯ渣的脱磷效果最好，一般脱磷率可达２６％￣５６％。     

Zr-2/Cr反应扩散研究

研究了Zr-2/Cr扩散偶在1023－1123K范围内的反应扩散，用扫描电镜观察反应宽度，用能谱仪（EDS）测定了反应层Zr,Fe和Cr沿扩散方向的浓度分布，研究了反应层的生长动力学，结果表明，反应层生长基本符合抛物经规律，生长过程受扩散控制，用Boltzman-Matano-Heumann模型计算了Cr在反应层Zr（Fe,Cr）2中的互扩散系数D，得到了互扩散系数D与温度的Arrhenius方程，由计算的扩散数据与Cr在Zr中形成稀固溶体时Cr的扩散数据比较可知，Cr在金属间化合物Zr（Fe,Cr）2中的扩散比在稀因溶体中的扩散快5个数量级。     

Probing the early stages of polymerization of ethylene on a model chromium/silica catalyst by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The nature of the interaction of monomer, and the early stages of growth of oligomers of ethylene on a rather more uniform surface of Cr/SiO₂ catalyst than hitherto studied has been investigated by differenceFTIR spectroscopy using C₂D₄ and C₂H₄ as reactants both with and without subsequent treatment of the catalyst with CO andTHF. The active catalyst was prepared by reaction of vapour phase CrO₂Cl₂ with the vicinal hydroxyls of the silica surface. Three distinct kinds of methylene groups were detected. Arguments are given for assigning the peaks at 2935 and 2860 cm^–1 to CH₂ groups directly bound to the active site and those at 2920 and 2850 to CH₂s in the growing chain well removed from the Cr. The peaks at 2160 and 2165 cm^–1 are attributed to CD₂ groups hydrogen bonded to surface hydroxyls.     

Cr12钢的预处理工艺研究

本文研究了Ｃｒ１２钢经４种不同的预处理工艺处理后钢中碳化物的大小，数量，分布及钢的硬度，强度和韧性，试验结果表明，经调质处理，高温固溶淬火＋高温退火处理后，Ｃｒ１２钢中碳化物的大小，分布及其组织，性能均优于常规球化退火预处理的。通过扫描电镜对冲击断口的分析，初步探讨了新的预处理工艺提高韧性的原因。     

常减压蒸馏装置阻垢剂进料管腐蚀与防护

通过对常减压蒸馏装置阻垢剂进料管的材质、性能、工作条件及腐蚀形貌、腐蚀产物的全面分析,找出了使进料管发生大面积腐蚀的腐蚀介质为环烷酸.并提出了减缓阻垢剂进料管环烷酸腐蚀的措施,主要包括选用更耐蚀的316或316 L材质以及改进三通结构等.     

The radiation crosslinking and scission of ethylene-propylene copolymers studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance

Methyl groups from chain scission and H-crosslinks have been identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in amorphous ethylene-propylene copolymers containing 23 and 36 mole % propylene after γ-irradiation to 10 MGy at 30°C. G (scission) and G (crosslink) values determined from the n.m.r. spectra and by extraction are in agreement, which suggests that the crosslinks are not clustered. This may differ from the situation in polyethylene where there is a substantial crystalline content. G(S). G(X) and the ratio G(S)/G(X) increase with increasing propylene content of the copolymers.     

Stable Oxygen and Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Lates stappersii Otoliths from Lake Tanganyika,East Africa

In this study, we measured growth trends in oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios in whole sagittal otoliths from three adult centropomid fish (Lates stappersii) from each of three sub-basins of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. Sampling density was 20 to 50 samples per otolith. Both δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values increase with age. The δ¹⁸O data suggest that otoliths were precipitated near the expected equilibrium with the ambient environment (ca. +3.5‰) and support a migration pattern from surface waters during larval stages to deeper waters (40 to 80 m) for mature fish. Relatively high δ¹⁸O values in the southern sub-basin are consistent with cooler temperatures in the region during seasonal upwelling. The δ13C increase from otolith core to edge is large (up to 4‰) and is interpreted as due to ontogenetic changes in diet and contributions from a decrease in the proportion of respired CO₂ incorporated into otolith carbonate as metabolic rates of the fish dropped with maturity. The data seem to successfully reveal life strategy and migration patterns of L. stappersii, document regional differences in lake conditions, and provide a record of temperature within the water column during which the fish lived. Higher resolution studies and analyses of historical samples could be used to constrain modern and past growth patterns, and to reconstruct past temperature gradients and productivity patterns in the lake.     

40Cr钢表面纳米层的微观结构

采用高能表面处理技术在40Cr钢表面制备出具有纳米晶体结构特征的表面层。利用透射电子显微镜和穆斯堡尔谱仪分析研究了表面纳米层的微观结构。结果表明，经过高能表面处理后，样品表面层晶粒细化为纳米晶，平均晶粒尺寸约为11nm。表面纳米层表面处渗碳体发生溶解。     

深部调剖驱油交联剂的研究

为提高非均质性严重的地层原油采出率 ,合成了用于聚合物驱油的 4种交联剂 ,并对聚合物种类、用量和其与交联剂组成的体系进行了评价。 4 0℃下铝交联剂凝胶粘度低 ,酚醛树脂交联剂低温下不成胶 ,而有机铬交联剂 (J2 )和有机复合胺 (J3)交联效果好。当选用HPAM/有机铬交联剂 /有机酸交联体系时 ,其中HPAM相对分子质量为 2 1× 10 7,可通过改变体系pH值调节成胶速度 ,pH值 6 5时 ,14 0 0mg/LHPAM和 4 0 0mg/LJ2组成的体系在 4 0℃、30d可形成粘度为12 0mPa·s以上的凝胶 ,且热稳定性好 ,成胶时间能满足现场施工需要。 14 0 0mg/LHPAM和10 0 0mg/LJ3交联剂组成的体系 ,成胶时间长 ,有利于油田深部调剖驱油     

低乙烯含量抗冲聚丙烯的结构表征

采用二甲苯为溶剂，将不同乙烯含量（５％￣１５％质量）的抗冲聚丙烯用特定程序进行分级，将各样品分为室温下可溶于甲苯和不可溶于甲苯的两部分。使用＾１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ方法和ＦＴ－ＩＲ方法对各组分进行表征，明确了乙烯链段在聚丙烯链上的分布，并在此基础上提出了产生这种链结构的聚合工艺的特点。