Mediated and primary stimulus-generalization bases of sexual symbolism.

Ss were asked to make associations of masculinity or femininity to simple geometric figures reproduced in such a way as to encompass both the primary stimulus-generalization basis of sexual symbolism emphasized by Freud and a mediated basis unrelated directly to psychoanalytic theory--the color dichotomy of black-gray. The materials were constructed so that each response would be scored as consistent with 1 basis of symbolism only. The results showed that both the primary and mediated bases of symbolism were very significantly effective in determining responses (p     

Phonetic symbolism in an artificial language.

An analysis of previous studies suggested that certain letters and letter combinations occur more often than would be expected by chance in affectively pleasant words, while others are overrepresented in unpleasant words. On the basis of data from these prior investigations, 14 pairs of artificial words were constructed and randomly paired with 7 good and 7 bad adjectives. College, deaf high school, and hearing high school Ss were presented with the task of matching each of the English adjectives with the correct member of the artificial word pair presented with it. The college and hearing high school Ss matched as predicted significantly more often than chance expectancy, which deaf Ss did not. The results are interpreted as supporting the existence of phonetic symbolism of word sounds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An effort at studying Rorschach content symbolism: The frog response.

The conception was advanced that a frog response on the Rorschach Test constituted a symbolic representation of unconscious cloacal birth and oral impregnation fantasies. It was hypothesized that a group of frog responders would display more eating disturbances than would a comparison group. A group of 31 psychiatric patients, giving frog responses in their Rorschach protocols, was compared with a matched control group. A chisquare test corrected for continuity proved significant beyond the .001 level of confidence for a 2-tailed test. This was interpreted as lending support to a conception of interpreting Rorschach responses as symbolic communications. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

论《苔丝》中环境描写的象征意义

哈代非常擅长在小说中用环境描写来感染读者,他的小说经常被人们说成是"一片风景加上一个人的灵魂".在他的小说中环境的情调和角色的心灵形成了一个整体,交相辉映.本文将试着讨论哈代的代表作<苔丝>中环境描写对苔丝命运发展的象征作用.     

培田古民居建筑群雕刻艺术探析

培田古民居建筑群的装饰雕刻艺术 ,工艺精湛 ,寓意丰富 ,极具艺术价值。其雕刻艺术特征是充分利用材质的特点 ,与绘画、图案、书法等艺术手法结合在一起 ,体现建筑的美感和性格     

建筑的城市归属--浙江乐清市行政管理中心设计随感

从城市的角度出发，在建筑创作中探讨城市主义对于建筑设计的指导性及决定性作用。针对城市行政建筑的特殊性，结合中西文化对权力的理解与认知．尝试从形象性、亲民性、生态性三个方面用建筑语言进行诠释。     

李清照与男性词人描写女性之差异

通过李清照词与男性词在写作对象及其精神气质、内容上有无寄托及词风等方面的比较,分析了李清照与男性词人在描写女性方面存在的差异:李清照以词的形式透视自己的内心情感,抒情主人公真率自然、高洁纯朴,其词直抒性灵,别无寄托,词风清新典雅、真切细腻;男性词人多以歌伎舞女为描写对象,词中人物浓装艳抹、柔媚俗气,其词多有寄托,词风艳丽,且采用代言体,无法真正深入人物内心.     

A sound brand name: The role of voiced consonants in pharmaceutical branding

Given the worldwide growth of the over-the-counter (OTC) drug market and the increase in the direct-to-consumer advertising of medicines, pharmaceutical branding has become an increasingly important component affecting the consumer’s beliefs about, and hence their responses towards, OTC medicines. The brand name is one of the most important external cues for brand evaluation and influences various aspects of consumer-brand association (e.g., perceived quality/efficacy, brand attitude, and brand image). Although sound symbolism, which refers to the non-arbitrary association that exists between particular sound sequences and specific meanings in speech, has proven to be an effective means of creating successful brand names in a wide range of products, surprisingly little attention has been paid to its application in the case of pharmaceutical branding. In this study, we systematically investigated whether and how consonants in drug brand names influence consumers’ medicine expectancies (e.g., medicinal power, long-lasting efficacy). Across three experiments, a robust effect of voiced (vs. voiceless) consonants present in brand names on the perceived potency and activity for target medicines was found. In addition, the results also revealed that voiced (vs. voiceless) consonants increase the expectancies of medicine effectiveness, duration of medicine activity, price, and potential side effects. Furthermore, we found that the perceived potency and activity for brand names significantly mediated the effect of voiced consonants. Taken together, these findings enhance our understanding of the role of consonant sound symbolism in brand name development and can potentially help pharmaceutical firms to create appropriate brand names that can effectively communicate information concerning a medicine’s properties.     

性爱的另一种表述──劳伦斯对英国民歌民谣的借用

劳伦斯在作品中喜爱用比较直露的性描写,但他也常用含蓄的方式表述性爱。借用英国民歌、民谣中比喻和象征手法歌颂人类性爱之美是劳伦斯作品的另一特色。他的不少诗歌和小说都带有英国民歌、民谣的影响,但是当劳伦斯在作品中对它们进行借用时,这些风趣而又极具内涵的表述便呈现出劳伦斯式创作风格的魅力。     

Architectural survey of historical buildings: The orders of classical architecture in the Baptistery of Florence

The survey of historic buildings is very important for architectural conservation. An integral survey allows perpetuating the building historical memory, deciphering it for future generations, and recovering it in case of accidental loss. The Baptistery of Florence survey was done with four measuring methods: the “direct” one, which employs traditional measuring tools; the “indirect” one, which expedites the dimension-gathering process with more precision; and the “photogrammetric” one, which uses snapshots to facilitate the representation process with computers. An innovative measuring concept, known here as the “recovery survey”, synthetizes graphical reality so that irregularitiesddue to the project materialization and deterioration over timeddisappear; therefore, retrieving the building original design. Columns with their bases, shafts and capitals, as well as entablatures with their architraves, friezes and cornices were under study. The three Greek orders (Doric, Ionic and Corinthian) together with the two roman orders (Tuscan and Composite) unveiled the classical architecture significance. These constituents, which reoccur inside and outside the baptistery, were measured as part of these holistic survey and recovery process, to achieve the objective of this research study: the recording of this world historical building through an integral survey and rilievo to decode its significance and symbolism.