基于NSCT域邻域收缩的SAR图像去噪

针对合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）图像受到相干斑噪声的干扰,严重影响了SAR图像的后续处理的问题,提出一种在非下采样轮廓变换（Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform,NSCT）域将中值滤波和邻域收缩法相结合的SAR图像去噪算法。该算法对原始SAR图像进行NSCT分解,得到低频子带和高频子带图像,对低频子带使用中值滤波处理以去除低频子带中的低频噪声,利用NSCT分解系数之间的相关性,使用邻域收缩法对子带图的系数进行收缩,以消除高频子带中的高频噪声。实验证明,该算法与小波域邻域收缩去噪算法和NSCT硬阈值去噪算法相比,在去噪性能和视觉效果方面均有所提高,在消除噪声同时可以较好地保护纹理细节信息。     

基于Hilbert曲线和位置自调节法的图像版权保护算法

以小波的相关理论为基础,先把水印图像预置乱处理,对宿主图像直接进行小波包分解,之后将水印的低频部分和中高频部分分别采用Hilbert曲线扫描和位置自调节法嵌入到宿主图像中,嵌入强度可根据图像的内容自适应调节。通过实验观察,新算法在抗压缩和抗剪切性能有所提升,同时隐蔽性和抗噪能力也得到了较大改观,结果充分说明该算法是一种性能较为优良的图像版权保护算法。     

Mammogram Enhancement Using Lifting Dyadic Wavelet Transform and Normalized Tsallis Entropy

In this paper, we present a new technique for mammogram enhancement using fast dyadic wavelet transform （FDyWT） based on lifted spline dyadic wavelets and normalized Tsallis entropy. First, a mammogram image is decom- posed into a multiscale hierarchy of low-subband and high-subband images using FDyWT. Then noise is suppressed using normalized Tsallis entropy of the local variance of the modulus of oriented high-subband images. After that, the wavelet coefficients of high-subbands are modified using a non-linear operator and finally the low-subband image at the first scale is modified with power law transformation to suppress background. Though FDyWT is shift-invariant and has better poten- tial for detecting singularities like edges, its performance depends on the choice of dyadic wavclcts. On the other hand, the nulnber of vanishing moments is an important characteristic of dyadic wavelets for singularity analysis because it provides an upper bound measurement for singularity characterization. Using lifting dyadic schemes, we construct lifted spline dyadic wavelets of different degrees with increased number of vanishing moments. We also examine the effect of these wavelets on mammogram enhancement. The method is tested on mammogram images, taken from MIAS （Mammographic Image Analysis Society） database, having various background tissue types and containing different abnormalities. The comparison with tile state-of-the-art contrast enhancement methods reveals that the proposed method performs better and the difference is statistically significant.     

一种复合各向异性扩散的图像去噪算法

本文提出一种复合各向异性扩散滤波算法,将降斑各向异性扩散(Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion,SRAD)模型中对边缘敏感的瞬态系数(Instantaneuos coefficient of variation,ICOV)算子运用到了非线性相干扩散(Nonlinear coherent diffusion,NCD)相干模型中,并基于统计学提出ICOV算子的相关系数矩阵对图像的相关度进行度量,系数矩阵的值是每个ICOV算子与其所在行与列的相关度,此相关度的值在边缘附近会取到极大值,这个对图像的边缘检测有很好的度量,根据每个像素与其周围像素的相关度对边缘附近的扩散的强度进行修改,对图像进行更为之有效、更准确的非线性去噪与边缘加强.实验结果表明,与其他各向异性算法相比,本算法可获得更好的性能指标,具有更好的去噪效果和保留边缘功能.     

基于退化四元小波变换的纸币识别

针对如何提取纸币图像特征和提高识别率的问题,综合利用退化四元小波变换具有的相位特性,提出一种基于退化四元小波变换的纸币识别方法.该方法首先对采集的纸币图像进行倾斜校正和边缘检测,然后运用退化四元小波对纸币图像进行分解操作,并对分解系数进行统计分析,将每个分解子带系数的能量和标准差作为该纸币图像的特征向量,最后将支持向量机作为分类器对纸币图像进行识别.本文方法在资源约束的嵌入式清分系统上实现,实验结果表明采用本文提出的算法突破了传统纸币识别系统识别率很难再提高的瓶颈,同时能够满足清分系统的实时性要求.     

基于小波去噪的有向加权社团发现研究

目前大部分社团发现方法都是针对无向无权图,但实际的社会媒体中的社团内部个体交互过程可以抽象为一个有向加权图,并且权重中含有大量的噪声.为解决有向加权社团的划分问题,本文提出一种基于非负矩阵分解(Nonnegative matrix factorization,NMF)可去噪声的社团发现方法.该方法通过小波阈值去噪对社会网络数据进行去噪处理,结合有向加权的非负矩阵分解算法对去噪后的数据集进行社团发现,准确找出社团结构.在社会媒体的实验数据集和标准数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法针对带噪声的有向加权图社团发现问题具有良好划分性能,SNR为15时,在Lesmis数据集上的社团划分准确率达到96％,划分模块度值提高了29％.本文为解决带噪的有向加权的社会网络数据提供了切实有效的处理方法.     

基于DNA遗传优化的正交小波常模盲均衡算法

在上行多用户中继网络中,针对中继协作波束成形与多天线基站联合优化的问题,本文提出了两种不同的但是具有一定相关性的设计方法。在第一种方法中,考虑在接收端SINR约束的情况下,使中继节点总功率最小化;在第二种方法中,研究在中继节点满足一定功率约束的情况下,使接收端SINR最大化。研究发现,基站线性接收器的最优权值矩阵决定于中继节点加权向量,进而可将多变量优化的复杂问题转化为单一变量优化问题。原问题进而可转化为半正定规划问题,可以用内点法方便的解决。仿真结果表明,与通过迭代运用凸优化求多向量的方法相比,该方法性能更优。     

代谢物组学信息挖掘的WT-HCA方法

针对现有的代谢物组学信息挖掘方法存在的问题，尝试将小波分析(wavelet analysis)与无导式模式识别手段等级聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis, HCA）相结合，整合小波分析在频域去噪及信息提取的能力和等级聚类分析客观性强的特点，建立了小波变换-等级聚类分析（wavelet transform-hierarchical clustering analysis, WT-HCA）方法。以文献拟南芥代谢物组数据为例，考察了所建立方法提取代谢物组信息的能力。结果表明，WT-HCA方法可以有效地提取代谢物组信息。在系统默认距离定义方案下，WT-HCA方法能将亲本两类样品完全分开，而HCA方法基本不能将样品区分开；在另一种距离定义方案（样品间距离为欧氏距离，类间距离为离差平方和距离）下，WT-HCA方法将4类样品中的3类完全正确归类，总的分类正确率达到了93.75%，显著高于HCA所得到的84.375%的总体分类正确率。     

基于火焰摄动谱分布的动态燃烧优化

提出基于火馅摄动谱分布特性与火馅微压振动信号的燃烧控制方法，通过分析三层小速分解后的信号平均幅值变化特点可以找到最优燃烧状态。     

A general non-local denoising model using multi-kernel-induced measures

Noises are inevitably introduced in digital image acquisition processes, and thus image denoising is still a hot research problem. Different from local methods operating on local regions of images, the non-local methods utilize non-local information (even the whole image) to accomplish image denoising. Due to their superior performance, the non-local methods have recently drawn more and more attention in the image denoising community. However, these methods generally do not work well in handling complicated noises with different levels and types. Inspired by the fact in machine learning field that multi-kernel methods are more robust and effective in tackling complex problems than single-kernel ones, we establish a general non-local denoising model based on multi-kernel-induced measures (GNLMKIM for short), which provides us a platform to analyze some existing and design new filters. With the help of GNLMKIM, we reinterpret two well-known non-local filters in the united view and extend them to their novel multi-kernel counterparts. The comprehensive experiments indicate that these novel filters achieve encouraging denoising results in both visual effect and PSNR index.