Migration Pattern Process

Within the international community architects are regularly typecast as exporters of predetermined solutions, rarely given the opportunity to respond appropriately, sensitively and effectively to specific and real emergencies. At the core of any impact are people like you and I; their welfare and successful healing creates a catalyst for the community to rebuild lives and esteem. Since 2007, Diploma Unit 7 at the Architectural Association in London, led by Simon Beames and Kenneth Fraser , has been researching the philosophical, social, political, economic and technical response to long-term humanitarian relief and the resocialisation of displaced people and damaged communities in conditions of extreme hardship. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Eat Me… Drink Me…

Sean Lally of WEATHERS lets out a rallying cry to all architects. He calls on them to make environmental conditions the subject of design rather than regarding them as a standardised part of a building's services. Here he highlights the potential of material systems, which are usually applied to conditioning the interiors of buildings, in the generation of new forms and activities; whether it is in the honing of the performance aspect of a building's function, as in the Water Cube at Beijing (2008), or in the seasonal planning that underpins the concept behind WEATHERS' Wanderings project (2008-9). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical Ecosystems

Despite computation's wholescale adoption for the generation of complex geometries, the application of computer code has remained relatively undeveloped in an environmental context. Anna Pla Catalá discusses the use of computation in relation to ecological systems and how it might be applied within projects with a complex set of urban components. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

耐湿硫化氢腐蚀的新材料07/09Cr2AlMoRE

介绍了耐湿硫化氢腐蚀用 0 9Cr2AlMoRE钢无缝管和 0 7Cr2AlMoRE钢板材的化学成分、力学性能、耐腐蚀机理以及焊接材料研制的试验数据。分析了稀土在钢中微观行为的作用。试验与应用结果显示 ,0 7/ 0 9Cr2AlMoRE钢具有良好的耐应力腐蚀和耐均匀腐蚀性能 ,以及较强的耐湿H2 S腐蚀能力 ,因此 ,特别适用于在H2 S腐蚀环境中工作的部分炼油设备及油田集输设备     

低温储罐用钢ASTMA537与09MnNiDR的性能对比分析

目前,国内建造液化石油气低温储罐所使用的钢材主要为ASTM A537与09MnNiDR。ASTM A537是进口钢板,价格较贵,而09MnNiDR是国产钢板,价格相对便宜。文中对这两种钢板进行了可焊性试验、焊接接头断裂性能试验、破坏试验,并作了对比分析,得出如下结论:A537钢在抗断裂性能、金相组织及无塑性转变温度等方面优于09MnNiDR钢;由于09MnNiDR钢板较厚,故焊接性较A537钢差;在抗破坏性方面09MnNiDR钢优势明显;考虑到板厚因素的影响,故09MnNiDR钢和A537钢的各项性能指标相差不大;国产09MnNiDR钢及配套焊接材料、工艺可替代进口A537钢用于液化石油气低温储罐的建造。     

VB与三菱FX系列PLC在SC-09下的通信

文介绍了三菱FX系列PLC在SC-09下的通信协议与指令,并利用VB6.0的MSComm控件进行串行通信程序的设计。该通信程序能读写FX全系列PLC内部各种软设备,强制复位与置位位映象元件。     

ABB MASTER系统在轧钢自控系统中的应用及维护

本文从莱钢轧钢厂中小型车间工艺流程、控制系统配置及通讯等方面介绍了ABBMASTER系统在莱钢轧钢厂中小型车间的应用,并针对系统过载问题,提出了自己的见解。     

L09D070帘线钢的生产试制

介绍了沙钢生产帘线钢的主要设备及工艺操作规程.根据帘线钢生产的技术要求,对生产过程中出现的脱碳、TiN夹杂等缺陷进行了控制,达到了用户的要求.     

Approximate dynamic programming-based approaches for input-output data-driven control of nonlinear processes

We propose two approximate dynamic programming (ADP)-based strategies for control of nonlinear processes using input-output data. In the first strategy, which we term ‘J-learning,’ one builds an empirical nonlinear model using closed-loop test data and performs dynamic programming with it to derive an improved control policy. In the second strategy, called ‘Q-learning,’ one tries to learn an improved control policy in a model-less manner. Compared to the conventional model predictive control approach, the new approach offers some practical advantages in using nonlinear empirical models for process control. Besides the potential reduction in the on-line computational burden, it offers a convenient way to control the degree of model extrapolation in the calculation of optimal control moves. One major difficulty associated with using an empirical model within the multi-step predictive control setting is that the model can be excessively extrapolated into regions of the state space where identification data were scarce or nonexistent, leading to performances far worse than predicted by the model. Within the proposed ADP-based strategies, this problem is handled by imposing a penalty term designed on the basis of local data distribution. A CSTR example is provided to illustrate the proposed approaches.