基于NDVI的人工植被碳储量估算

人工植被是吸收CO²维护生态系统健康的重要生物成分,干旱区人工碳汇林在CO²减排方面具有重要的作用。应用2009年8月TM数据,提取克拉玛依人工减排林生态景观格局信息,并应用NDVI指数估算植被碳密度。通过测定乔木层及草本层生物量,估算出人工植被乔木层及草本层碳密度。结果表明,克拉玛依人工减排林乔木层的平均碳密度值为37.04 mg/hm²,1 m×1 m样方内草本层平均碳密度为59.65 g/m²,地上植被碳密度约为37.64 mg/hm²,植被层碳储量为250 915.5 mg;随着植被的生长发育及生物量累积效应的发挥,人工植被的碳汇功能还将进一步增大。     

"记忆的边缘:圆明园遗址保护"的内容介绍

在总结2003年第40届IFLA国际风景园林大学生设计竞赛二等奖作品创作过程之心得的基础上，重点介绍该竞赛作品中体现出的个人对圆明园遗址保护问题之思考，以求引起遗址管理部门和所有关心圆明园遗址保护问题之民众和同仁的重视，使这一人类共有的历史园林文化遗产得以永存。     

Incidence of Land and Physicochemical Composition of Apples on the Qualitative and Quantitative Development of Microbial Flora During Cider Fermentations

Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were numerated, isolated and identified from ciders prepared with the same variety of apple from apple trees grown on three different lands: silt, siliceous clay and green clay. The land has an incidence on the time (earliness) of ripeness of the apples and on their sugar content and, therefore, on the development of the microbial flora in the ciders obtained from these fruits. The same genera of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the three ciders, except the yeast Candida famata exclusively found in the must obtained from apples grown on silt. At the quantitative level, the highest development of yeasts was observed in the must from the land green clay whereas lactic acid bacteria growth was enhanced in the must from the land siliceous clay.     

Analytical Model of Surge Flow in Nonprismatic Permeable Channels and Its Application in Arid Regions

A surge running down a dry wadi bed as a consequence of a controlled water release from a reservoir—e.g., for artificial groundwater recharge—represents a free boundary problem. After some time, when aiming for groundwater recharge, the infiltration equals inflow and thus forms a kind of “standing” wave. The numerical solution of such phenomena generally involves considerable problems. For avoiding the numerical inconvenience resulting from the complex interacting surface/subsurface flow, we present an analytical solution of the slightly modified zero-inertia (ZI) equations. The development introduces a momentum-representative cross section for portraying the transient development of momentum and refers to a channel with constant slope, irregular geometry, and a permeable channel bed with significant infiltration. Due to the structure of the solution, any arbitrary infiltration model can be used for quantifying the infiltration losses. For both synthetic prismatic and nonprismatic test channels, the robust and easy-to-use analytical ZI model shows an excellent match with the results of a comparative numerical simulation. Finally, the ZI model is employed for simulating a surge flow downstream of the Wadi Ahin groundwater recharge dam (Oman), in order to perform a scenario for artificial groundwater recharge in a natural wadi channel reach. This realistic application illustrates the potential of the new approach by even computing an almost standing wave and shows its applicability for an accurate and robust evaluation of release strategies.     

Getting back to basics: the Victor Diamond Mine environmental assessment scoping proce and the issue of family-based traditional land versus registered traplines

Proper scoping is essential for any environmental assessment (EA) process. This is particularly true with respect to resource development in the intercultural setting of First Nation homelands of northern Canada. Improper scoping leads to EAs that are flawed for a number of reasons. For example, potentially impacted stakeholders are excluded from the process; thus, the proper collection of baseline information is not possible resulting in inaccurate predictions of impacts and mitigation strategies. We examined whether the approved EA for the Victor Diamond Mine in northern Ontario was properly scoped using criteria identified by the Government of Canada, in their project-specific guidelines developed for the assessment. Our results from the published literature, which included oral history, clearly indicate that the Victor Diamond Mine EA scoping process was based on two erroneous assumptions: that the registered trapline system was the accepted system of land use/occupation in northern Ontario, and that land use/occupancy was based on the treaty-imposed reserve system (not the family-based traditional lands system). Implications for resource development involving indigenous people are discussed.     

工业废弃地——矿区复兴的潜在资源

本文在分析矿区工业废弃地及其引发问题的基础上,探讨了矿区工业废弃地的资源价值以及矿区景观重建的目标,并结合国内外实例提出了矿区景观重建的基本策略,旨在探索工业废弃地的整治和生态修复,重建矿区景观,为矿区未来发展寻求新契机.     

青海省东部山区旱作农田土壤团聚体特征研究

比较了青海省东部山区垂直梯度分布的三种旱作农田土壤(黑钙土、栗钙土、灰钙土),在0~60 cm土层的不同粒级土壤风干团聚体和水稳性团聚体含量间的差异,并结合其它土壤质量指标(有机质、粘粒)对不同土壤结构和抗侵蚀能力进行了综合评价。结果表明,>0.25mm风干团聚体、>0.25mm水稳性团聚体含量和土壤有机质含量与土壤类型间有密切关系。均表现为黑钙土>栗钙土>灰钙土。黑钙土和栗钙土的土壤有机质含量与>0.25mm水稳性团聚体间存在显著正相关关系(P<0.05),灰钙土则无明显相关性;三种土壤粘粒含量与>0.25mm风干团聚体和0.25mm水稳性团聚体含量间无明显相关性。各项指标综合比较,三种土壤抗侵蚀能力大小为:黑钙土>栗钙土>灰钙土。     

雨水集蓄灌溉技术在新建县丘陵旱地的应用

介绍江西省新建县生米镇曾港村利用雨水集蓄灌溉工程,解决丘陵旱地灌溉问题,效果显著,值得推广.     

Crop Coefficients for Microsprinkler-Irrigated, Clean-Cultivated, Mature Citrus in an Arid Climate

Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was measured over a clean-cultivated, mature navel orange orchard with microsprinkler irrigation located near Lindsay, California. Hourly mean latent heat flux density was determined as the residual of the energy balance equation with measured net radiation, soil heat flux density and sensible heat flux density estimated using the surface renewal method. The ETc was compared with ETo calculated using hourly weather data and the ASCE-EWRI Penman-Monteith equation. Following pruning and topping of the trees in the spring of 2001, the Kco values slowly increased as the canopy developed in the following season. An average Kco = 0.82 was observed. In the following year, the mean summertime value increased to about Kco = 0.95, and in 2003 and 2004, the summertime value averaged near Kco = 1.00, which is somewhat higher than observed for drip irrigated trees in southwestern Arizona and considerably higher than reported in the widely used Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations publications that were based on infrequent surface irrigation.     

缅甸翡翠找矿标志及我国翡翠找矿远景区

通过对缅甸翡翠矿床（石）进行研究,指出其找矿标志,同时结合我国成矿地质条件,圈定了五个找矿远景区。笔者认为在这五个区域内,进行深入细致地研究,找到翡翠矿床是完全可能的。