La0.9Sr0.1MnO3微波合成和晶格热膨胀系数的研究

采用微波法合成固体氧化物燃料电池负极材料La0.9Sr0.1MnO3,并用动态高温粉末X射线衍射技术,对微波合成的产物La0.9Sr0.1MnO3从室温到1200℃之间的晶格热膨胀系数进行了测定。实验结果表明:在测试温度范围内,La0.9Sr0.1MnO3的晶格膨胀系数与温度呈线性关系。微波法合成的La0.9Sr0.1MnO3的晶格热膨胀系数为:△a/a0△T=8.9×10-6/℃、△c/c0△T=11.2×10-6/℃和△V/V0△T=29.3×10-6/℃。在实验温度区间内未发现样品有明显的相变或结构转变现象。     

Correlations between the Optical Properties and the Microstructure of TiO_2 Thin Films Prepared by Reactive Electron-beam Evaporation

1　IntroductionInrecentyears ,theoreticalandexperimentalinvesti gationsonthetitaniumoxidefilmsareconductedonac countoftheirremarkableproperties .Titaniumdioxidefilmshaveattractedconsiderableattentiontoapplytomi croelectronicdevices ,opticalthin filmdevice…     

用X射线反射测量法表征双层结构中 低原子序数材料的特性

介绍了用X射线反射测量术表征双层薄膜中低原子序数材料特性的方法。由于低原子序数材料的光学常数与Si基板材料的光学常数非常接近,用X射线反射法确定镀制在Si基板上的低原子序数材料膜层结构的变化十分困难,因此,提出了在镀制低原子序数材料前,首先在基板上镀制一层非常薄的金属层的方法。实验中,选用Cr作为金属层材料,制备并测试了三种不同C膜镀制时间的Cr/C双层薄膜。反射率曲线拟合结果表明,C膜密度约为2.25 g/cm³,沉积速率为0.058 nm/s。     

酸洗对龙口油页岩化学结构的影响分析

为研究脱灰对龙口油页岩的影响,采用HCl→HF→HNO3三级酸洗法脱灰,用XRD以及FT-IR法分别分析酸洗前后矿物质和化学结构的变化.结果表明:油页岩含氧官能团主要包含醚氧、羧基、羟基和羰基4类,酸洗制得的有机质纯度较高,酸洗后油页岩灰分的质量分数低于1%.酸洗对油页岩的化学结构产生影响,酸洗过程发生了水解反应,油页岩烷基醚、芳基醚含量减少;酸洗破坏了含氧官能团与无机盐之间的离子交联作用,将有机盐转化为有机酸,羧酸和酚羟基含量显著上升;羟基结构在酸洗前后都以环羟基、OH—O和OH—OH这3种形式为主,酸洗对环羟基、OH—O影响较大,对OH—OH影响很小;脂肪族在酸洗后部分CH伸缩振动和不对称的CH3伸缩振动转变成不对称的CH2伸缩振动,脂肪链长度增加.     

The effect of grain refinement on the adhesion of an alumina scale on an aluminide coating

To understand the effect of grain refinement on the thermally grown alumina scale adhesion to the metal substrate, two δ-Ni₂Al₃ coatings, one coarse-grained (∼70 μm) and the other ultrafine-grained (generally below ∼500 nm), were prepared. The cyclic oxidation in air at 1100 °C shows that the ultrafine-grained (UFG) coating is better oxidation resistant than the coarse-grained (CG) coating due to the formation of a more adherent alumina scale. The latter is intrinsically correlated with the fact that the aluminide grain refinement helps to increase the oxide/metal strength through a route to prevent the formation of large-sized voids at the interface.     

Precipitation Behavior of Modified as Cast High Nitrogen Super Hard High‐Speed Tool Steel

The properties of high‐speed tool steels can be improved by modifying their chemical composition or the technology of production. Nitrogen alloying is an attractive technology to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of tool steels. In this work, modified super hard high‐speed tool steel was produced through nitrogen alloying and decreasing the level of cobalt content in investigated steels. This work aims to study the effect of nitrogen as alloying element on carbides and carbo‐nitrides precipitates type, shape, and size for investigated steels. From the results obtained from Thermo‐Calc, it was concluded that nitrogen alloying produced large amount of stable austenite, also eutectic carbides precipitates (M₆C and M₇C₃) were stable at room temperature. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images for traditional grade showed that the as cast structure contains beside the carbides network other single carbides precipitates. While on the other hand the selected area diffraction pattern (SADP) images of nitrogen alloyed grade shows fine carbides and carbo‐nitrides precipitates with more amount of retained austenite in the ferrite matrix, they showed also the presence of the eutectic precipitates as well as the dislocations.     

Application of near infrared sensors to preconcentration of hydrothermally-formed copper ore

Near infrared sensors can be a very useful technique for the qualitative analysis of complex ores, and thus could be useful for the preconcentration of ores. In this paper, individual particles of hydrothermally-formed copper ore sampled from a mine in the Los Pozos mining district, northern Chile, were classified as product, middling and waste based on their near infrared response. The classification of copper bearing minerals (product) from gangue (waste) was considered for vibration combination bands at longer wavelengths from 2000 to 2400 nm. This region exhibits characteristic features for carbonates and hydroxyl gangue bearing minerals. The near infrared features at 1400 and 1900 nm were not considered favourable for classification and subsequent discrimination because they can be influenced by moisture and other environmental factors and are easily suppressed by iron-rich minerals.Two near infrared preconcentration strategies were applied for particle discrimination. Results indicate that targeting only the calcite (carbonate) dominated particles for discrimination as waste provided the best option for preconcentration. The near infrared discrimination analysis correlates well with mineralogical (QEMSCAN® and XRD) and elemental (XRF) data classification. The results indicate that near infrared spectroscopy is a suitable preconcentration method for supergene copper ore.     

Effect of particle size on the formation of Ti2AlC using combustion synthesis

This paper provides an insight into the effect of particle size of elemental metal powders and carbon source on the formation mechanism of Ti₂AlC MAX-phase ceramic produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The effect of titanium, aluminium and carbon particle size on the 2Ti+Al+C→Ti₂AlC reaction, the phase evolution of the final product and the porosity in both the green body and product has been examined. The effect of the carbon source in the form of graphite, carbon black and short carbon fibres on the reaction mechanism is explained. It is found that the particle size of the titanium and aluminium reactants had little effect on the phases formed but affected the green density of the reactants and the porosity in the final product. The carbon source used in the combustion reaction had an influence on the phases formed by the SHS reaction and was influenced by the dispersion of carbon particles and the titanium–aluminium particle contact.     

Fermentation and heat-moisture treatment induced changes on the physicochemical properties of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) flour

This research intends to verify the effect of Lactobacillus paracasei Fn032 fermentation and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) on the physicochemical properties of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) flour. The results obtained showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in protein content (12.02–20.54%), total starch (15.78–51.01%) and starch fractions after fermentation and HMT. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed high decomposition temperature (T_d) trend of 180.59 and 189.82 °C after HMT. However, there was significant (P < 0.05) enthalpy (ΔH) decrease. Flour digestion resulted in variation of slow digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) count from 6.83 to 18.42% and 7.61 to 22.68% respectively, after fermentation and HTM. Following this observation, it was ascertained that in X-ray diffraction; pasting viscosity and fluorescence spectrophotometry show greater HMT influenced on the flour components. Findings from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed microstructure differences of the flours samples. Fermentation and heat moisture treatment methods present a possible way of changing or improving the physicochemical properties and add nutritional value to foxtail millet meal.