Corrosion kinetics and patina evolution of galvanized steel in a simulated coastal-industrial atmosphere

The corrosion kinetics and patina (corrosion products) layer evolution of galvanized steel submitted to wet/dry cyclic corrosion test in a simulated coastal-industrial atmosphere was investigated. The results show that zinc coating has a greater corrosion rate during the initial period and a lower corrosion rate during the subsequent period, and the patina composition and structure can greatly affect the corrosion kinetics evolution of zinc coating. Moreover, Zn₅(OH)₆(CO₃)₂ and Zn₄(OH)₆SO₄ are identified as the main stable composition and exhibit an increasing relative amount; while Zn₁₂(OH)₁₅Cl₃(SO₄)₃ cannot stably exist and diminish in the patina layer as the corrosion develops.     

Laser‐irradiated zinc oxide thin‐film transistors fabricated by solution processing

Abstract— This study investigates the effects of subjecting zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films to laser irradiation. The optical, structural, and electrical properties of the as‐deposited and laser‐irradiated films at different laser energies were studied. The transmittances without/with laser irradiation showed a net increase from 85 to 92% (@550 nm) for 250‐nm ZnO films, indicating an improvement in sample crystal linity. In addition, laser treatment decreased the ZnO band gap. Composition structure analysis shows that the crystallinity increased when the laser energy increased. Thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with a ZnO active layer were fabricated. The mobility of as‐deposited ZnO TFT devices (0.19 cm²/V‐sec) increased more than 2.5 times for ZnO of unirradiated laser treatment (0.49 cm²/V‐sec).     

Fabrication and gas-sensing properties of hierarchically porous ZnO architectures

Hierarchically three-dimensional (3D) porous ZnO architectures are synthesized by a template-free, economical aqueous solution method combined with subsequent calcination. First, the precursors of interlaced and monodisperse basic zinc nitrate (BZN) nanosheets are prepared. Then calcination of the precursors produces hierarchically 3D porous ZnO architectures composed of interlaced ZnO nanosheets with high porosity resulting from the thermal decomposition of the precursors. The products are characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric-differential thermalgravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller N₂ adsorption-desorption analyses. The BET surface area of the hierarchically porous ZnO nanostructures was calculated to be 12.8 m² g⁻¹. Compared with ZnO rods, the as-prepared porous ZnO nanosheets exhibit a good response and reversibility to some organic gases, such as ethanol and acetone. The responses to 100 ppm ethanol and acetone are 24.3 and 31.6, respectively, at a working temperature of 320 °C. These results show that the porous ZnO architectures are highly promising for gas sensor applications, as the gas diffusion and mass transportation in sensing materials are significantly enhanced by their unique structures. Moreover, it is believed that this solution-based approach can be extended to fabricate other porous metal oxide materials with a unique morphology or shape.     

Effect of aluminium doping on structural and gas sensing properties of zinc oxide thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis

A facile spray pyrolysis route is used to deposit aluminium doped ZnO (AZO) thin films on to the glass substrates. It is observed that on aluminium doping the particle size of ZnO reduces significantly; moreover, uniformity of particle also gets enhanced. Their XRD study reveals that intensity ratio of crystal planes depend on the aluminium doping concentration. The gas response studies of; ∼800 nm thick Al-doped ZnO films at different operating temperatures show that 5 at% Al-doped ZnO thin film exhibits highest response towards H₂S gas at 200 °C. The results suggest that the gas response strongly depends on the particle size and aluminium doping in the ZnO.     

反向传播网络—吸光光度法同时测定生物实样中的锌和铜

研究了新显色剂 1 ,1 ,5-二 ( 2 -羟基 5 溴苯 ) 3 氰基甲日 (HBPCF)和锌及铜及铜的显色反应 ,并以反向传播人工神经网络———吸光光度法 ,对花生仁和绿豆等实际生物试样中锌及铜的含量 ,进行了同时测定。     

浊点萃取分光光度法测头发中锌的含量

针对传统萃取分光光度法测定头发中的锌含量,需要使用苯、四氯化碳等有机毒性试剂萃取锌-双硫腙疏水配合物,存在污染环境和操作费时之弊端,采用浊点萃取法代替有机毒性试剂萃取锌-双硫腙红色疏水配合物,用分光光度法测定人发中的锌含量.选择湿法消化处理头发试样,选取非离子表面活性剂曲拉通X-114和硫酸铵作为浊点萃取体系,对锌-双硫腙红色疏水配合物进行浊点萃取;实验测定了浊点萃取物的最大吸收波长、萃取剂的浓度、萃取剂的测定、硫酸铵的用量及显色体系的pH和显色剂的用量对吸光度的影响,并进行回收率实验.实验结果表明浊点萃取的配合物最大吸收波长为527 nm、质量分数2％的萃取剂为0.3～1.0 mL、硫酸铵1.2g、pH为4.5、显色剂的用量为0.2～0.8 mL,锌含量的线性范围为0.2～1.2 μg/mL,线性回归方程为A=0.435 9 c（μg/mL） ＋0.014 8,相关系数r=0.997 3,表观摩尔吸光系数为5.894×10 000 L/（mol·cm）,测定结果的相对偏差为2.4％,回收率为98.76％～102.2％.用该法测定头发中的微量锌,结果令人满意,对食品中微量锌的测定具有一定应用价值.     

吸附材料处理含Zn~（2＋）重金属废水的影响因素

考察了废水初始pH值、不同阳离子、阴离子、有机物、共存重金属离子、极端条件等因素对吸附Zn2＋的影响.结果表明,8 h后吸附接近饱和,废水初始pH=6时处理效果最好,Zn2＋吸附容量为3.98 mg/g,去除率为79.6%;Na＋、K＋、Mg2＋、Ca2＋均会抑制Zn2＋的吸附,影响顺序从小到大为Na＋〈K＋〈Mg2＋〈Ca2＋;Cl-、SO24-对吸附Zn2＋抑制作用很小,且Cl-的抑制作用小于SO42-;COD对吸附Zn2＋有促进作用;Pb2＋、Cu2＋共存时,对Zn2＋的吸附有抑制作用,影响顺序为Pb2＋单元体系〈Cu2＋单元体系〈Pb2＋、Cu2＋二元体系;高盐和强酸对Zn2＋的吸附有较大影响,但高温基本无影响.饱和吸附材料的后处理试验表明,在550℃马弗炉中热处理6.5 h,烧失率为75.4%,烧渣中Zn2＋含量为1.75%,与热处理前相比,富集倍数为4.1倍.本文研究成果为吸附法处理含锌重金属废水并回收废水中的重金属提供了重要依据.     

热镀锌表面锌渣缺陷的形成分析及改进研究

结合马钢第四钢轧总厂1#和2#镀锌线投产四年来的生产实践,对热浸镀锌的锌渣缺陷形成机理进行了分析,重点探讨了锌渣缺陷的产生原因,提出在实际生产中从工艺和设备上采取措施进行控制,减少锌渣缺陷的产生,提高镀锌板表面质量。     

MIG Brazing of Galvanized Thin Sheet Joints for Automotive Industry

MIG welding of zinc-coated thin plates in the automotive industry leads to major issues, mainly zinc evaporation followed by a decrease of corrosion resistance, as well as residual strains and stresses difficult to minimize. The use of a lower heat input technique for joining galvanized steels would bring significant benefit, if the final overall mechanical properties of the joints are adequate for the application. The use of MIG brazing (MIGB) with the recently commercialized alloyed copper-based filler metal is an alternative worth considering. The present paper addresses the MIGB processes, describing the influence of the different shielding gases and the process parameters on the mechanical, corrosion, and metallurgical properties of the joint, when lower heat input procedures are targeted. The paper describes the influence of the gases on the mechanical properties of the brazed joint, both in normal conditions after joining and after corrosion in a salt water environment. Microstructural features of the different zones are discussed. Results of corrosion and tensile tests are presented and interpreted.     

Comparison of structural and photoluminescence properties of ZnO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

ZnO thin films have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method, respectively. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterizations indicate that ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits better crystallinity than that grown by USP. Photoluminescence spectra show that the near-band edge ultraviolet emission of film grown by PLD is narrower and shifts to higher energy, compared with that of film grown by USP. In the visible range, ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits four local level emission centered at 470 nm, 486 nm, 544 nm, and 613 nm, respectively, while the film grown by USP only presents a weak broad band emission centered at 502 nm. Hall measurement shows higher carrier density and lower hall mobility in ZnO film grown by PLD than that in film grown by USP. The higher density of intrinsic defects as well as higher crystallintiy is considered to account for the difference of photoluminescence in ZnO film grown by PLD with that in film grown by USP.