变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价和比较

本文详细介绍了变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价方法。静态分析法包括投资回收期法、抵偿年限法和年计算费用法；动态分析法则包括净现值法、内部回收率法、总费用现值法和最小年费用法。     

词汇、语法和传情达意--一个湖边餐厅的习作

建筑设计往往是以传达情感为最终目的，因此语言的简单和熟练便显得愈发的重要。这个餐厅的设计尝试以简单的词汇组成直截的语言，力图清晰明确的传递建筑师的情感。     

Climate-related electricity demand-side management in oil-exporting countries—the case of the United Arab Emirates

The oil crisis of the 1970s has increased the concern about the continuity of oil imports flow to major oil-importing developed countries. Numerous policy measures including electricity demand-side management (DSM) programs have been adopted in such countries. These measures aim at reducing the growing need for electricity power that increases the dependency on imported foreign oil and damages the environment. On the other hand, the perception that energy can be obtained at very low cost in oil-rich countries led to less attention being paid to the potential of DSM policies in these countries. This paper discusses such potential using the case of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Since air conditioning is a major source of electric energy consumption, the relationship between climate conditions and electric energy consumption is considered. An electricity demand model is constructed using time series techniques. The fitted model seems to represent these relationships rather well. Forecasts for electricity consumption using the estimated model indicate that a small reduction in cooling degrees requirement might induce a significant reduction in electric energy demand. Hence, a DSM program is proposed with policy actions to include, among others, measures to reduce cooling degrees requirement.     

Criteria of dynamic buckling estimation of thin-walled structures

The paper deals with dynamic buckling of thin-walled structures (plates and beam-columns with open cross-section) subjected to compressive rectangular pulse loading. The local, global and interactive dynamic buckling was analysed. Author proposes the new criterion for critical amplitude of pulse loading leading to stability loss. The proposed criterion is a modification of quasi-bifurcation criterion formulated by Kleiber, Kotula and Saran. Results obtained using proposed criterion were compared with other well-known criteria (Volmir (V) and Budiansky–Hutchinson (B–H) criterion).     

碳钢高温变形后的静态软化行为

在形变温度为1133K、形变速率为2×10~(-3)s~(-1)的试验条件下,采用两段加载拉伸试验方法研究了0.4%C-1.5%Mn钢高温变形后的静态软化行为.调查了由两次加载拉伸变形时的屈服应力求得的静态软化率以及相对峰值应力比和峰值应变比随等温保持时间的变化.详细讨论了动态回复组织和动态再结晶组织对高温变形后的静态软化过程的影响.     

条形药包爆炸应力场试验研究

应用动态光弹性模型试验方法研究了条形药包的爆炸应力场分布特性。研究结果表明：起爆方式和位置影响着条形药包爆炸应力场的分布形态，并首次成功地记录了条形药包瞬间爆炸应力场的动光弹条纹，得到了理想成力场的分布形式。     

整体观察是绘画的关键——浅谈基础美术教学中的认识问题

本文就整体观察的形式、内容两个方面进行了分析、归纳。论述了认识在绘画中的重要作用。     

Design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattices consisting of (zn,cd)(s,se) binary ii–vi compounds

Theoretical design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattice structures consisting of (Zn,Cd)(S,Se) binary II–VI compounds has been studied. For pseudo-ternary ZnCdS and ZnCdSe alloys, the superlattices with two layers in a cycle, i.e., ZnS/CdS and ZnSe/CdSe are considered, and for pseudo-quaternary ZnCdSSe alloy, the two superlattice structures with more than two layers in a cycle are considered. In order to design and evaluate these superlattices, the expression for the equilibrium in-plane lattice constant of these superlattices has been derived by minimizing the total elastic strain energy in the cycle. The combinations of layer thicknesses in a cycle and the effective bandgap of these superlattices have been calculated while the elastic strain effect was included. The usefulness of these superlattice structures has been evaluated.     

LED大屏幕动态显示的实现

本文介绍了一种基于并行通讯的ＬＥＤ大屏幕动态显示的实现方案，包括发送和接收的软，硬件设计以及多机通讯技术。     

EFFECT OF CRACKING REACTIONS KINETICS ON THE MODEL PREDICTIONS OF AN INDUSTRIAL FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most complex processes in the petroleum industry. The large degree of uncertainty in the kinetics of the cracking reactions and catalyst deactivation by coke deposition in the riser reactor are among several factors that contribute to the process complexity. The model developed by the authors (Ali and Rohani, 1995) is used lo investigate the effect of the three-lumped kinetic scheme (Weekman and Nace, 1970) and the four-lumped scheme (Lee ct ah, 1989) on the model predictability and reliability. The effect of changes in the catalyst circulation rate, gas oil feed rate, and oxygen feed concentration on various process variables is compared. It is shown that the three-lumped kinetic scheme, despite its extensive use in the literature (McFarlane et ah, 1993; Elnashaie and Elshishini, 1993; Theologos and Markatos, 1993; Arandes and de Lasa, 1992; Lopez-lsunza and Ruiz-Martinez, 1991), leads to erroneous results and should not be used in the dynamic simulation of the FCC units,