近三年来锰酸锂二次锂电池的研究进展

二次锂离子电池由于比能量高和使用寿命长,已成为便携式电子产品的主要电源。总结了近三年来二次锂离子电池的研究进展。正极材料锰酸锂LiMn2O4为尖晶石晶体结构,Li+可在Mn2O4三维网络结构中嵌入-脱嵌,并完成充放电过程。锰酸锂的制备方法有高温固相反应、微波烧结法、固相配位反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、微乳化法、Pechini法及其它新的合成方法等。通过掺杂其它阳离子和阴离子,特别是多种元素同时掺杂,可提高正极材料的稳定性和可逆性。同时讨论了负极材料的制备方法;正极材料容量衰减机理及相应改善措施;电池制备工艺和其它有关研究。最后指出了今后的研究重点:电极材料的充放电性能与电极制备工艺间的关系、锂锰氧与碳负极直接组装成试验电池、开发固体电解质在二次锂电池中的应用。     

电解生产低钛铝合金的晶粒细化及衰退行为

选用Ti质量分数为0．1％～0．3％的电解低钛铝合金，分别研究了钛对合金晶粒的细化效果和熔体保温时间对晶粒细化的衰退行为的影响，并与相应含钛量熔配低钛铝合金进行了对比。结果表明，随着Ti含量的增加，两种加钛方式的低钛铝合金样品晶粒得到明显的细化。随着保温时间的延长，所有合金的晶粒尺寸均不同程度发生了粗化，Ti对晶粒的细化效果明显发生了衰退。电解加钛铝合金晶粒细化效果的抗衰退能力优于熔配加钛铝合金，这种趋势对Ti的质量分数为0．1％～0．2％的合金特别明显。     

直接电解A356合金的熔体变质处理

研究了直接电解低钛A356合金锶变质处理及其衰退行为对合金组织及性能的影响.结果表明,熔体细化处理与变质处理存在交互作用,锶含量增加,合金晶粒细化,二次枝晶臂间距减小,并且变质效果越来越好.合金未变质或未完全变质时,共晶硅以不连续短棒状为主;锶含量增加至0.01%时,硅相形态发生突变,硅相完全变质,形态转变为细小珊瑚、蠕虫状结构.最佳锶含量范围为0.02%～0.03%,T5热处理后,硅相球化效果越好,可得到高的强韧性能指标.锶变质衰退研究表明,延长保温时间,合金晶粒明显长大,保温150 min后共晶硅形态从完全变质时的珊瑚状又逐渐演变为棒状结构.表明A356合金的细化效果和Si颗粒的变质效果均出现了不同程度的衰退,这与保温过程中TiAl3质点的溶解与沉淀以及Sr的严重烧损有关.     

New rain rate analyses to assess rain attenuation on satellite ehf communications

This paper provides estimates of the frequency of occurrence, duration and probability of satellite EHF communication outages due to attenuation by rain. These can be used to determine optimum frequencies, power levels and the need for space diversity of terminals or other alternatives to maintain reliable communications. Ten years of 1 min rain rates at each of 12 U.S. cities were used in conjunction with an attenuation model to quantify communication outages at locations representing a variety of climatic regimes. Analyses of the 1 min rain rates and outage estimates at 10, 30 and 45 GHz for elevation angles of 10°, 30°, 50° and 70° are presented.     

RESEARCH ON FADING CHARACTERISTICS OF ALANINE/ESR DOSIMETERS IN HIGH DOSE RANGE

The present work has dealt extensively and systematically with the fading characteristics of polystyrene-alanine dosimeters irradiated at different dose rates and total doses under various temperatures (10-70 ℃) and stored a period of time in different conditions (5, 25, room temperature, 40 ℃). Detail investigation on this effect in practical irradiation condition is very important. Because it is difficult to correct this effect using correction coefficients so far. So the temperature coefficients and fading rates have been given along with a lot of experimental data to try to make approximation of radical formation or decay behavior.     

A MATRIX ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTING THE FREE SPACE DISTANCE OF TCM SIGNAL SEQUENCES

In this paper, the problem of computing the free distance of Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) signal sequence has been discussed; a new algorithm-the matrix algorithm is proposed; and the step-number estimation problem for state transmission to compute the free distance of TCM signal sequence has been theoretically solved. The matrix algorithm is derived from the Viterbi algorithm, and is an implementation of Viterbi algorithm in the form of matrix. Compared with other algorithms, the matrix algorithm gains two advantages: (1) The explicit solution, and its relatively less complexity. (2) More reflexible ability to the signal space distance variation. As examples, the results of some TCM signal sequence on AWGN channel and fading channels have been presented.     

Comparisons of dosimetric properties between GD-300 series of radiophotoluminescent glass detector: and GR-200 series of thermoluminescent detectors

In order to compare the dosimetric properties of two kinds of solid state detectors used for monitoring external exposures,experiments Were performed for the GD-300 series of radiophotoluminescent glass detectors (RPLGD) and the GR-200 series of thermoluminescent detectors (TLD).X-rays and 137 Cs and 60 Co γ-rays were used to irradiate the RPLGDs and TLDs,their dose linearky,uniformity/reproducibility of signal,fading effect and energy dependence were compared.Both kinds of the detectors have generally good dosimetric properties.The dose linearity and energy dependence of the GD-351 dosimeters and the TLDs are nearly the same,but the RPLGD is much better than the TLD in terms of the uniformity and fading effect.     

短波通信中的正交频分复用技术分析及应用

正交频分复用技术是近年来发展起来的新技术,在短波通信领域中有很大的应用前景。介绍了正交频分复用(OFDM)技术的发展历史,对OFDM的基本原理、优点和存在的问题作出了阐述,计论了OFDM技术在短波通信领域中的应用。     

使用分集技术的信号调制类型识别

针对衰落环境下的调制识别,该文基于决策理论和多天线接收分集技术提出了一种解决方法。根据对未知信道和信号参数的不同处理方式,推导了用于识别的似然函数,并构造了分类器。采用多天线分集技术提高正确识别率,并考虑了天线空间位置对分集合并的影响,提出了解决办法。计算机仿真结果表明该文所述方法的有效性和正确性。     

Study of shadowing effect by aircraft maneuvering for air-to-ground communication

This paper investigates the shadowing effect induced by an aircraft during maneuvering for air-to-ground communication at C band. Narrowband measurements with a linear flight route and a circular flight route have been conducted and the results are compared in this paper. It is found that, the communication link can easily be shadowed by the aircraft body. Due to this shadowing, the transmitted signal undergoes significant attenuation of up to 28 dB at 5.7 GHz. Results also show that spatial diversity at the ground station is unable to eliminate this shadowing effect caused by the aircraft during maneuvering.