一体式平板膜生物反应器处理维生素制药废水中试研究

采用规模为5 m~3·h~(-1)左右的一体式平板膜生物反应器对维生素制药废水进行了中试研究.试验结果表明,用此装置处理维生素制药废水,出水水质稳定良好.工艺对COD和NH_4~+-N的去除率分别达到80%和90%以上,出水完全达到了发酵类制药工业水污染物排放标准(GB21903-2008)的排放要求;当HRT分别取12,22、26h时,对系统去除率有较大的影响;污泥浓度是影响膜通量的一个重要因素,污泥质量浓度应控制在7 g·L~(-1)左右;虽然污泥的沉降性能非常差,SV平均值为97.8%,但由于膜的高效截留作用,反应器不受污泥的性状的影响.     

前置反硝化曝气生物滤池处理低浓度生活污水

在水力停留时间(hydraulic retention time,HRT)为1 h和2 h、气水比为5:1、回流比为100%的条件下,考察了前置反硝化曝气生物滤池工艺对低浓度生活污水的处理效果,并研究了反冲洗对该工艺去除效果的影响。试验结果表明:当HRT为2 h时,前置反硝化曝气生物滤池对低浓度生活污水中COD、NH_4~+-N和TN的平均去除率分别为70%、91%和53%,当HRT降至1 h时,COD、NH_4~+-N和TN平均去除率分别降低12%、34%和20%。在反冲洗后2～3 h,该工艺能恢复到正常处理水平。     

亚硝酸型硝化反应器处理"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液研究

在不控制体系pH值的条件下,研究了温度、水力停留时间和溶解氧对亚硝酸型硝化反应器处理"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液的影响.试验结果表明,在氨氮负荷率为0.069 0～0.284 3gNH4+-N/(gVSS·d)的条件下,可获得令人满意的亚硝化性能,出水NO2--N/NOx--N值为87%～95%.亚硝酸氮稳定积累的主导因素是体系中游离氨(FA)和游离亚硝酸(FNA)对硝酸菌的交替抑制作用.     

AS—USEAF系统脱氮运行条件试验研究

本文采用正交优化试验法对活性污泥法－上向流间歇膨胀缺氧生物滤泥系统脱氮的最佳运行条件进行了研究。研究表明，该系统的最佳运行条件为：ＨＡＲＴ曝为６ｈ，ＨＲＴ滤为２．７６ｈ，在此条件下，系统进行稳定，脱氮性能良好，ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率达８７．２％，ＮＯ＾－Ｘ－Ｎ去除率达７６．４％。     

高负荷厌氧氨氧化的稳定性试验研究

为探讨高负荷条件下复合式UASB反应器中厌氧氨氧化反应的脱氮性能和稳定性,在已经成功启动并稳定运行的厌氧氨氧化反应器中,通过提高进水总氮浓度和缩短水力停留时间两种方式提高总氮负荷,考察脱氮效果。结果表明,通过逐步提高进水总氮浓度和缩短HRT可以提高厌氧氨氧化反应的总氮负荷,并获得理想的脱氮效果和运行稳定性,但过高的亚硝态氮浓度会对反应产生一定的抑制作用。     

包埋固定硝化菌的亚硝化特性研究和系统调控

在使用包埋固定化硝化菌的流化床反应器中改变系统的运行参数,用模拟高浓度NH3-N废水实现从常规硝化为主到亚硝酸型硝化为主的转变。驯化完成、恢复溶解氧到3~4 mg/L后,仍然能达到高度的亚硝酸型硝化。通过间歇式实验得出亚硝酸盐的积累率随反应时间的变化规律,以此为参考调控连续进出水情况下的水力停留时间(HRT),从而达到和保持最好的亚硝酸型硝化效果。     

Statistical optimization of operating parameters of microbial electrolysis cell treating dairy industry wastewater using quadratic model to enhance energy generation

The performance of Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is affected by several operating conditions. Therefore, in the present study, an optimization study was done to determine the working efficiency of MEC in terms of COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal, hydrogen and current generation. Optimization was carried out using a quadratic mathematical model of response surface methodology (RSM). Thirteen sets of experimental runs were performed to optimize the applied voltage and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of single chambered batch fed MEC operated with dairy industry wastewater. The operating conditions (i.e) an applied voltage of 0.8 V and HRT of 2 days that showed a maximum COD removal response was chosen for further studies. The MEC operated at optimized condition (HRT- 2 days and applied voltage- 0.8 V) showed a COD removal efficiency of 95 ± 2%, hydrogen generation of 32 ± 5 mL/L/d, Power density of 152 mW/cm² and current generation of 19 mA. The results of the study implied that RSM, with its high degree of accuracy can be a reliable tool for optimizing the process of wastewater treatment. Also, dairy industry wastewater can be considered to be a potential source to generate hydrogen and energy through MEC at short HRT.     

不同盐沼湿地类型脱氮除磷效能及影响因素分析

采用沉水植物表面流湿地(沉水组)、挺水植物表面流湿地(挺水组)和浮床湿地(浮床组)3种盐沼湿地对长江口近岸低污染水体进行脱氮除磷效能的研究。结果表明,HRT为3 d时,水组、挺水组、浮床组对NO3^--N的去除率在高温时段分别为79.9%±13.2%、71.8%±15.2%、77.2%±13.2%,中温时段分别为39.4%±13.7%、31.5%±8.5%、18.4%±16.6%,低温时段分别为15.6%±14.6%、19.7%±8.6%、2.%5±8.6%。沉水组和挺水组对TP的去除率受温度影响较小,分别为66.4%±32.4%、55.5%±29.4%;而浮床组除磷效果受温度影响较大。当HRT缩短为1.5 d时,3组湿地系统在高温时段仍可达到相近的脱氮除磷效果,在中低温时段脱氮除磷效果都有不同程度的下降。     

SBR处理村镇生活污水试验研究

研究了用SBR处理系统在不同水力停留时间,不同污泥龄(SRT),不同温度条件下对村镇生活污水的去除有机物、脱氮除磷效果。结果表明,考虑到脱氮除磷效果并兼顾经济的原则,水力停留时间采用6h比较合理,SBR反应器的最适SRT为20d;温度SBR反应器的除磷效果影响较小,SBR反应器更适合处理低温污水。     

Rheum rhaponticum Root Extract Improves Vasomotor Menopausal Symptoms and Estrogen-Regulated Targets in Ovariectomized Rat Model

Ovarian insufficiency and ovariectomy are characterized by deregulated heat loss mechanisms. Unlike hormone therapy, ERr 731 (a standardized botanical extract of Siberian rhubarb Rheum rhaponticum L. high in rhaponticin) acts like a selective estrogen receptor modulator for ERβ receptors and may offer a higher degree of safety while maintaining the desired efficacy profile. In this study, we examined the relationship between oral administration of ERr 731 and the underlying components of skin vasomotion responses in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. ERr 731 dose-dependently reduced tail skin temperature (T_skin) values by an average of 1 °C. The rapid onset of this effect was observed in 1 and 3 mg/kg/day ERr 731 groups as early as day 2 of administration, and remained in place for the duration of the treatment (2 weeks). Substituting ERr 731 after E₂ withdrawal helped maintain body temperature similarly to E₂ alone, suggesting the usefulness of ERr 731 for replacing existing hormonal therapy in humans. ERr 731 also acted as a highly selective agonist for ERβ in the hypothalamus of OVX rats, as well as in ERα/β cell-based reporter assays. These data validate the OVX/T_skin rat model as a suitable screening platform to evaluate botanical and pharmaceutical treatments of menopause, while providing further evidence for the efficacy of ERr 731 towards alleviating vasomotor menopausal symptoms and improving wellbeing during the menopausal transition.