燃煤火电厂锅炉“四管”的高温腐蚀

燃煤火电厂锅炉的高温腐蚀主要发生在受热面的“四 管”,即水冷壁管、过热器管、再热器管和省煤器管.腐蚀的主要类型是硫腐蚀、氯腐蚀、 水蒸汽腐蚀和钒腐蚀.本文综述了燃煤火电厂锅炉存在的典型高温腐蚀现象和机理,并简要 的介绍了一般防腐蚀措施.     

初等函数可验证赋值及误差分析

研究了GNU标准下初等函数的赋值原理及算法实现.基于IEEE 754-2008浮点标准,利用误差分析基本结论,对GNU下C语言标准数学函数库中的初等函数赋值程序进行理论误差分析.利用Boost库中提供的区间类,将以浮点数作为基本数据类型的程序重写成以区间作为基本类型的程序,使用区间算术对初等函数进行可验证赋值,从而得到一个包含真实值的区间包络,并由此给出GNU下初等函数的数值误差界.     

基于L-系统的分形植物形态建模方法研究

植物生长过程中所表现出来的分形特征是虚拟植物形态发生的重要研究内容,而L-系统在表达具有分形特征的虚拟植物形态上具有明显的不可控特点,严重影响了L-系统的广泛应用。为了更好地研究自然界植物的分形特征,以植物分枝结构和几何形态的量化为前提,建立植物分形特征和L-系统的映射关系,应用改进的L-系统拟合分形植物的生长过程,并结合B-样条曲线动态控制分形植物的弯曲,生成丰富多样的、具有逼真分形效果的虚拟植物形态。     

Optimal design of adaptive type-2 neuro-fuzzy systems: A review

Type-2 fuzzy logic systems have extensively been applied to various engineering problems, e.g. identification, prediction, control, pattern recognition, etc. in the past two decades, and the results were promising especially in the presence of significant uncertainties in the system. In the design of type-2 fuzzy logic systems, the early applications were realized in a way that both the antecedent and consequent parameters were chosen by the designer with perhaps some inputs from some experts. Since 2000s, a huge number of papers have been published which are based on the adaptation of the parameters of type-2 fuzzy logic systems using the training data either online or offline. Consequently, the major challenge was to design these systems in an optimal way in terms of their optimal structure and their corresponding optimal parameter update rules. In this review, the state of the art of the three major classes of optimization methods are investigated: derivative-based (computational approaches), derivative-free (heuristic methods) and hybrid methods which are the fusion of both the derivative-free and derivative-based methods.     

沉水植物对河道曼宁系数影响的实验研究

该文在实验室水槽中利用三维声学多普勒流速仪(ADV)和波高仪测定水流流速和波浪高度,以此数据研究了河道水生沉水植物对曼宁系数的影响。实验利用人造植物模拟自然植物,研究结果表明沉水植物对水流结构、阻力特性存在显著影响。在分析曼宁系数的变化规律之后提出了新的半经验方程,用以预测不同植物密度、不同波流条件下曼宁系数的变化。曼宁系数主要和植物密度和水流流速有关,同时受波浪的影响。新的方程对曼宁系数的拟合效果良好。     

On type-reduction of type-2 fuzzy sets: A review

As an undetachable module of type-2 (T2) fuzzy computations and reasoning, type-reduction methods play an important role in various fuzzy disciplines including fuzzy logic systems and fuzzy clustering. Importance of type-reduction techniques lies in the fact that they are the main tools for collecting the entire inherent vagueness of the data. Therefore, type-reduction methods form the output of type-2 fuzzy sets (T2 FSs) as the representative of the entire uncertainty in a given space. Hence, their accuracy, precision, and performance speed is of much interest. This paper, presents a comprehensive review on various type-reduction and defuzzification strategies for general and interval type-2 fuzzy sets and systems. It is tried to analyze the existing approaches from different point of views accompanied by extensive comparisons on different features of type-reduction methods to facilitate further research studies by the fuzzy community.     

机组并网瞬间抢无功现象分析及定值整定策略

发电机组并网瞬间从系统大量抢无功功率,引发本侧母线电压和相邻并网其他机组间无功功率的大幅波动等现象.文中主要从理论和无功功率大幅波动现象进行分析,发现二滩水电站同期装置的电压差、励磁调差系数、机端初始电压等参数的定值整定不合理,从而提出对上述参数的一些整定策略.     

智能水电厂现地控制单元发展趋势

介绍了智能水电厂概念的提出对水电厂计算机监控系统现地控制单元(LCU)的影响,从LCU的结构模式、智能可编程逻辑控制器、LCU的安全稳定3个方面总结了目前水电厂LCU的现状和不足,并着重探讨了未来的智能水电厂LCU的发展趋势.     

分数阶区间系统的鲁棒稳定性分析

由于实际的物理系统常会存在各种不确定结构,这些不确定结构给系统的稳定性分析带来了困难和一定的影响,因此对这类带有不确定结构的分数阶系统控制问题的研究,具有广泛的实际应用意义。本文主要针对带有区间不确定性的分数阶控制系统,分析了该系统的鲁棒稳定性问题,首先将区间矩阵用分式线性变换(LFT)表示,然后基于分析得出了此类系统鲁棒稳定的充分必要条件。并给出两个数值算例阐释该方法,仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于单片机的红外遥控解码滤波模块设计

本文以单片机为控制核心,利用相应的硬件滤波功能和软件滤波算法对红外遥控接收头的输出信号进行实时地动态处理,解析出真实的控制信号并输入到与BL9149相兼容的输出管脚。本红外遥控解码模块即滤除了干扰信号,提高了抗外界干扰光源的性能;同时实时操控性能达到了要求。