不同直径匹配度封堵气囊的工作机理和试验验证

为研究气囊作为临时性封堵装置在隧道工程中的应用情况,建立其受力分析模型,得到了气囊内压和形状随外压增长的变化规律,得到了两种失效模式和正常工作时需要满足的3个控制条件,特别是外压不能大于内压这一独特的控制条件.由于气囊直径与隧道匹配度的大小直接影响封堵效果,因此确定直径允许误差范围在工程设计中至关重要.分别采用直径大于、等于、小于隧道直径的3种气囊进行堵气和堵水的模型试验,得到不同直径匹配度的气囊在气压和水压作用下的变形规律、内外压关系及失效极限状态的控制条件.试验结果表明:直径适中的气囊匹配性最好,气囊的变形和失效模式完全符合理论公式;直径略偏大的气囊若不出现初始贯通的褶皱,其封堵效果和失效模式与直径适中的气囊类似;直径偏小的气囊,由于一部分内压用于抵消使其膨胀至贴紧隧道壁所产生的材料拉力,容易导致其摩阻力不足而在外压作用下产生整体滑动.据此提出了气囊制作误差允许范围上下限的标准,为气囊制作过程中的误差控制提供依据.     

Design of a 2.5～14.5GHz distributed power amplifier

The operation principle of distributed amplifiers and the impedance characteristic of artificial transmission lines (ATLs) are analyzed, and a distributed power amplifier consisting of three gain cells is designed and fabricated by 0.18μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The peaking inductor is used to enhance the gain and the reverse isolation of the amplifier in high frequency. The termination loads of ATLs are increased and the values of on-chip inductors are optimized to provide good impedance matching, while improving the output power and efficiency. Measured results show that the amplifier has a 3dB bandwidth of 12GHz (2.5～14.5GHz) and provides an average forward gain of 9.8dB from 3 to 14GHz with a gain flatness of ±1dB. In the desired band, the output power at 1dB gain compression point (P_1dB) is from 4.3 to 10.3dBm while the power added efficiency (PAE) is from 1.7％ to 6.9％.     

Pulse Signal Recovery Method Based on Sparse Representation

Pulse signal recovery is to extract useful amplitude and time information from the pulse signal contaminated by noise.It is a great challenge to precisely recover the pulse signal in loud background noise.The conventional approaches,which are mostly based on the distribution of the pulse energy spectrum,do not well determine the locations and shapes of the pulses.In this paper,we propose a time domain method to reconstruct pulse signals.In the proposed approach,a sparse representation model is established to deal with the issue of the pulse signal recovery under noise conditions.The corresponding problem based on the sparse optimization model is solved by a matching pursuit algorithm.Simulations and experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on pulse signal recovery.     

自适应连续多级分区与初始阈值估计的快速模板匹配方法

归一化互相关测度在光照改变时比采用绝对差之和测度（SAD）要稳定，但是归一化互相关测度的缺陷在于它的计算量非常大。为此，提出了一种结合自适应连续多级分区和初始阈值估计的基于归一化互相关（NCC）的快速模板匹配算法。根据模板图像中不同模块的梯度值，将模板图像进行逐级分区，通过分区顺序将互相关之和分为不同的层，得到各层互相关的上界，运用柯西-施不等式得到上界间的关系，形成自适应连续多级分区淘汰方法。同时，为了加快匹配速度，利用初始阈值估计产生一个较大的边界阈值，以淘汰初始搜索时的大量非匹配点，减少搜索点数目。实验结果表明:所提出的算法具有较好的鲁棒性，且算法的执行速度优于传统算法。     

Unsupervised segmentation of hidden semi-Markov non-stationary chains

The Bayesian segmentation using Hidden Markov Chains (HMC) is widely used in various domains such as speech recognition, acoustics, biosciences, climatology, text recognition, automatic translation and image processing. On the one hand, hidden semi-Markov chains (HSMC), which extend HMC, have turned out to be of interest in many situations and have improved HMC-based results. On the other hand, the case of non-stationary data can pose an important problem in real-life situations, especially when the model parameters have to be estimated. The aim of this paper is to consider these two extensions simultaneously: we propose using a particular triplet Markov chain (TMC) to deal with non-stationary hidden semi-Markov chains. In addition, we consider a recent particular HSMC having the same computation complexity as the classical HMC. We propose a related parameter estimation method and the resulting unsupervised Bayesian segmentation is validated through experiments; in particular, a real radar image segmentations are provided.     

火箭蒙皮和壁板柔性装配定位技术及其应用

针对新一代运载火箭蒙皮和壁板在试制阶段高精度、低成本、短周期的制造需求,采用多点阵真空吸盘式柔性装配工装对蒙皮或壁板进行定位、固持.生成与装配件外形精确吻合的吸附点阵,精确、牢靠地固持蒙皮或壁板类装配件,同时通过基准孔的精确定位,保证整个装配件的定位精度,改善了生产灵活性,提高生产效率,对于多品种小批量蒙皮、壁板类零件的生产具有独特优势.     

Characterization of the residual strains in iterative laser forming

In laser forming, thermally induced strains transverse to the laser scan line vary with depth in the material and contribute most significantly to the desired deformation. The through-thickness transverse residual strain distribution was measured by neutron diffraction in laser-formed low carbon steel and aluminium alloy specimens. The specimens were formed with a wide range of laser line energies covering the temperature gradient mechanism (TGM) and shortening or upsetting mechanism (SM), and for single and multi-pass forming (up to 3 laser passes). Below the saturation line energy where the TGM dominates, the gradient of the through-thickness strain distribution was found to increase with increasing line energy and number of laser passes; the gradient decreased again at line energies above the saturation line energy where the efficiency of the TGM decreases. Iterative laser forming can be applied to reduce weld-induced distortions. The peak longitudinal strain measured in the weld seam of a specimen that had been straightened by iterative laser forming was also significantly reduced.     

Iterated non-linear model predictive control based on tubes and contractive constraints

This paper presents a predictive control algorithm for non-linear systems based on successive linearizations of the non-linear dynamic around a given trajectory. A linear time varying model is obtained and the non-convex constrained optimization problem is transformed into a sequence of locally convex ones. The robustness of the proposed algorithm is addressed adding a convex contractive constraint. To account for linearization errors and to obtain more accurate results an inner iteration loop is added to the algorithm. A simple methodology to obtain an outer bounding-tube for state trajectories is also presented. The convergence of the iterative process and the stability of the closed-loop system are analyzed. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in controlling a quadcopter type unmanned aerial vehicle.     

Accurate bone registration in knee MR images

Changes of the cartilage morphology over time can tell the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and show particular promise for evaluating the efficacy of disease-modifying OA drugs. Hence, cartilage matching is required prior to cartilage morphology comparison. An accurate cartilage matching allows one to ensure longitudinal focal and local changes of cartilage morphology due to OA. The method described in this article meets this need. The proposed method consists of three steps. First, the knee femur surfaces are aligned, using the principal axes transformation to correct for different knee joint positions and orientations in the magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. Second, we present a global registration algorithm based on Lipschitz optimization theory for accurately identifying the corresponding points of the knee femur surface. Third, the rigid transformation of the knee femur surface registration is applied to the cartilage surface. Our registration algorithm is efficient and robust, and its performance is evaluated on MR images of pig knees.