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991.
Shingo Kanehira Soshu Kirihara Yoshinari Miyamoto Kazuaki Sakoda Mitsuo Wada Takeda 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(10):1691-1694
Photonic crystals with a diamond structure of epoxy lattices in which TiO2 -based ceramic particles are dispersed were fabricated by stereolithography. The periodicity of the lattice was designed to reflect electromagnetic waves in the gigahertz range. The volume fraction (β) of the dielectric lattice medium was modified from 14% to 33% by changing the rod diameter of the lattice. The photonic band gap was observed along Γ-L 〈111〉, Γ-X 〈100〉, and Γ-K 〈110〉 directions and the complete photonic band gap was formed at over β= 20%. The width of the forbidden gap increased gradually when the β increased over 14%, and reached 2.4 GHz at β= 33%. These results agreed with the band calculation using the plane wave expansion method. 相似文献
992.
Vapor pressures were determined for several polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) at 75-275 °C, extending the available literature data to more relevant temperature regions and providing the first experimental data for 2,3,7-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7-TriCD). A modification of the effusion technique, based upon controlling the diffusion of the target compound and subsequent high resolution gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/LRMS) analysis, was proven comparable to other accepted methods for determining the vapor pressures of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Vapor pressures for octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF) were in excellent agreement with those reported in literature. The application of the current method for the vapor pressure determinations of eight polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) in the extended temperature range (up to 275 °C) is reported. The extension of the vapor pressures to such temperatures, unprecedented for the PCDDs/Fs, is important for vapor-particle partitioning modeling in regions relevant to PCDD/F formation and control. Estimates for the melting temperatures and enthalpies of sublimation and vaporization are also reported, the latter for which no experimentally determined values have been found in the literature. The use of the method to deliver reproducible, trace concentrations (ppt-ppb) of targets was applied to the calibration of the jet-REMPI/TOFMS as an online detector for low chlorinated PCDDs/Fs. 相似文献
993.
Dale A. Creaser Philip G. Harrison M. A. Morris B. A. Wolfindale 《Catalysis Letters》1994,23(1-2):13-24
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to examine the nature of the oxide overlayers on a passivated cerium metal foil as a function of a variety of oxidation and reduction treatments. Oxidation of a clean uncontaminated cerium(III) oxide surface is facile at room temperature and produces non-stoichiometric ceria (CeO2–x) at oxygen doses as low as 10 L. At higher doses the overlayer thickens, and after a dose of 160 L the layer depth exceeds the Ce 3d photoelectron attenuation distance of about 20 Å. High pressure treatment of the foil in oxygen (0.5 bar at RT and 473 K) produces CeO2 in a high degree of crystallographic order such that O 1s photoelectron intensities are increased above that expected from a randomly oriented powder. An attempt to reduce the CeO2 layer formed by controlled oxidation with CO (633 K, 14 h, 0.6 bar) results in the formation of a carbonated surface layer. Results following attempts to reoxidise this layer are discussed. 相似文献
994.
A. A. Bukaemskii N. A. Sosedov L. S. Tarasova 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2005,41(1):97-105
A method is proposed to study the sequence of phase transitions in powdered materials under a shock-wave action. It is shown that the aluminum hydroxide-alumina system has the following sequence of phase transformations under a shock-wave action: bayerite boehmite -Al2O3 -Al2O3. It is found that there are no transitional high-temperature modifications of alumina. A method is developed for obtaining a submicron alumina powder, which allows obtaining materials with a controlled phase composition, including a thermodynamically stable -modification of Al2O3. The specific features of the morphological structure and the phase and structural characteristics of powders after a shock-wave action are considered.Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 110–119, January–February, 2005. 相似文献
995.
Symon M. Mahungu Steven L. Hansen William E. Artz 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(4):453-455
Static headspace and capillary gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy-mass spectrometry were used to collect, separate,
identify and quantitate the oxidative and thermal decomposition products in heated triolein. Approximately 4 L of triolein
was heated in a deep-fat fryer at 190°C for 12 h each day for a total of 60 h, until it contained>-20% polymeric material.
The concentration of heptane and octane increased after 12 h heating, then decreased upon further heating, while the concentration
of volatile aldehydes decreased gradually during heating. After 12 h of heating, the concentrations of the major volatiles
changed as follows: heptane (16.36 to 30.17 ppm), octane (24.48 to 40.77 ppm), heptanal (21.68 ppm to 9.11 ppm), octanal (35.53
to 36.64 ppm), nonanal (68.95 to 43.16 ppm), (E)-2-decenal (135.00 to 89.00 ppm) and (E)-2-undecenal (88.50 to 61.00 ppm).
After 60 h of heating, when the oil contained over 20% polymeric material, the concentrations of heptane, octane, heptanal,
octanol, nonanal, (E)-2-decenal and (E)-2-undecenal were 5.16, 4.39, 5.45, 7.02, 18.07, 12.50 and 6.00 ppm, respectively. 相似文献
996.
997.
不同的双-(p-N,N-二甲氨基苄叉)酮DMBK和二苯基碘盐(DPIOF)复合,组成一种新型的电子转移光显色体系,DMBK/DPIOF复合体系在暗处有良好的热稳定性。在光作用下很快发生从激发态DMBK至DPIOF的电子转移,并伴随DMBK染料的褪色,测得DMBK光褪色速度的次序为:DMBA>DMBP>DMBH。与此同时,电子转移又引起新的光显色反应,对DMBA化合物,在700nm处出现新吸收峰。其光密度随光照时间而增长,然而,DMBP和DMBH体系这种光显色现象并未观察到,这可能由于它们的中间产物不能共平面的缘故,DMBA的光显色速度和最大密度明显取决于浓度和溶剂性质。本文对这种短波区光褪色和长波区光显色的光化学反应过程作了讨论。 相似文献
998.
999.
目的 分析甲肝病毒基因型,为确定我国甲肝的分子流行病学及疫苗的安全性和免疫原性奠定基础。方法 采用抗原捕获聚合酶链反应(AC/PCR),依据国际上甲肝病毒分型标准,扩增VP1/2A结合处的168个核苦酸(nt2909~3264)。结果 经生物信息学软件分析,得出L-A-1株病毒属于甲肝病毒基因IB亚型。结论 在我国有IA和IB两个亚型甲肝病毒流行。 相似文献
1000.
Unni Olsbye Anastasia Virnovskaia Øystein Prytz Stan J. Tinnemans Bert M. Weckhuysen 《Catalysis Letters》2005,103(1-2):143-148
A Cr/Al2O3 alkane dehydrogenation catalyst exhibits a maximum in ethylene yield during an ethane dehydrogenation cycle. Isotopic labelling experiments with monolabelled 13C-ethane and deuterium were used to elucidate whether the initial activity increase could be due to formation of an active, larger hydrocarbon intermediate on the surface. The results strongly indicate that this is not the case, and instead point to a traditional reaction cycle involving adsorption of ethane to form an ethyl species, followed by desorption of ethene and hydrogen. Transient kinetic data suggest that ethane adsorption is the rate-determining step of reaction. 相似文献