反胶束中中性蛋白酶AS1.398反应机理

枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶AS1.398可用于反胶束萃取全脂豆粉分离大豆蛋白和油脂.揭示酶的催化作用机理可用于优化萃取条件.以大豆分离蛋白为底物,研究了AS1.398在AOT/异辛烷反胶束体系中的反应机理. 由于底物分子在反胶束中呈泊松分布,通过计算底物和酶分子数比例,推算出酶催化为单底物反应的概率占绝对优势.借鉴水相酶反应模型,考虑反胶束中分子交换作用,提出了反胶束中酶的单底物分子反应的作用模型,模型推导出水相的米氏常数比反胶束相的大1个数量级.实验测定酶在水相和反胶束相的米氏常数分别为3.2×10^-3g•ml^-1和4.2×10^-4g•ml^-1.两者比值与模型推导出的关系较吻合,表明此模型可用来表示反胶束中AS1.398的催化反应.     

AS1411 Nucleolin-Specific Binding Aptamers Reduce Pathological Angiogenesis through Inhibition of Nucleolin Phosphorylation

Proliferative retinopathies produces an irreversible type of blindness affecting working age and pediatric population of industrialized countries. Despite the good results of anti-VEGF therapy, intraocular and systemic complications are often associated after its intravitreal use, hence novel therapeutic approaches are needed. The aim of the present study is to test the effect of the AS1411, an antiangiogenic nucleolin-binding aptamer, using in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models of angiogenesis and propose a mechanistic insight. Our results showed that AS1411 significantly inhibited retinal neovascularization in the oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR) in vivo model, as well as inhibited branch formation in the rat aortic ex vivo assay, and, significantly reduced proliferation, cell migration and tube formation in the HUVEC in vitro model. Importantly, phosphorylated NCL protein was significantly abolished in HUVEC in the presence of AS1411 without affecting NFκB phosphorylation and -21 and 221-angiomiRs, suggesting that the antiangiogenic properties of this molecule are partially mediated by a down regulation in NCL phosphorylation. In sum, this new research further supports the NCL role in the molecular etiology of pathological angiogenesis and identifies AS1411 as a novel anti-angiogenic treatment.     

预氧化温度对纳米SiC颗粒增强镁基复合材料组织及性能的影响

目的 研究预氧化处理对纳米SiC颗粒增强的SiCp/AS81(Mg-8Al-Sn)复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响,分析其作用机理,最终得到适宜的SiC预氧化温度。方法 采用粉末冶金法制备纳米SiC颗粒增强的SiCp/AS81(Mg-8Al-Sn)复合材料,采用相关仪器设备,对不同温度预氧化处理后的SiC颗粒、AS81和0.50%-SiCp/AS81复合材料物相进行分析,观察其显微组织,并对相关力学性能进行测试。结果 当对SiC颗粒进行不同温度预氧化处理后,SiC颗粒逐渐钝化,并在预氧化温度达到785℃及以上时,SiC外表层逐渐被SiO₂包覆且在985℃时完成完全包覆;AS81复合材料和不同温度预氧化处理的0.5%-SiC_p/AS81复合材料的物相组成都主要为Mg和Mg₁₇Al₁₂,785℃及以上温度预氧化处理后的0.5%-SiC_p/AS81复合材料中的Si元素都呈均匀分布;0.5%-SiC_p/AS81复合材料的硬度、屈服强度、抗拉强度和断后伸长率都高于A...     

大庆原油馏分与复合体系界面活性及乳化性研究

为考察原油成分对复合体系界面活性的影响，将原油通过实沸点蒸馏法切割成不同的馏分，对各馏分与三元体系的动态界面张力进行了测定。还探讨了馏分油的乳化液稳定性及重组分对乳化液稳定性的影响。研究结果表明：与三元体系的界面张力，轻馏分最低，其次是重组分，再次是沸点依次升高的中间馏分；在轻馏分中加入重组分可以进一步降低界面张力；馏分油与二元（ Ａ／Ｓ） 体系形成的乳状液，其稳定性随馏分沸点升高而降低，加入重组分可提高乳状液的稳定性。     

Chitosan nanoparticles with controlled size and zeta potential

Optimization of chitosan nanoparticles (ChNs) production process employing a 2^(5–2) fractional factorial design was performed to analyze the influence of viscosity average molecular weight (40–120 kDa), the initial concentration of chitosan (2–5 g/L), the initial tripolyphosphate (TPP) concentration (0.8–1.2 g/L), the ratio chitosan/TPP (4/1–10/1) (V/V), and the stirring speed (300–700 rpm), on final nanoparticles size and zeta potential. The measured responses of average particle size and surface charge were determined on Zetasizer Nano ZS. ChNs were prepared using ionotropic cross-linking of chitosan and TPP and were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experiments showed that the size of synthesized nanoparticles depended on initial concentration and molecular weight of chitosan, TPP concentration and stirring speed within the chosen levels. However, the zeta potential was significantly influenced by chitosan molecular weight, chitosan concentration and stirring speed. The FTIR analysis confirmed the interaction between negative charge of TPP with positive charge of chitosan through the appearance of new peaks at 1222 and 895 cm⁻¹ in produced ChNs. XRD and DSC analysis were used to evaluate the effect of crosslinking of chitosan on crystal structure of ChNs.