Low-Power Adaptive Biased Integrated Amplifiers

In this paper the author will present the working principle and the applications of a novel adaptive biasing topology, designed to decrease the stand-by power dissipation without affecting the transient performance of low-power amplifiers. The proposed circuit, whose principle and circuit topology can be implemented both in CMOS and in bipolar standard technologies, gives a biasing current whose value depends on the applied input differential voltage and can be set according to the requested transient performance constraints. The adaptive architecture can be utilized in the design of high-efficient low-power operational amplifiers, for the biasing of both the input stage (where the input source current is dynamically increased) and the output stage (where the output current can be controlled and limited). These amplifiers show a very good behaviour, evaluated in terms of two efficiency factors, if compared with those of other adaptive solutions and class-AB topologies, proposed in the literature. Simulation results and also measurements on a chip prototype, fabricated in a standard CMOS technology, are finally presented.     

ATM技术在校园网中的实时性应用

讨论了ＡＴＭ论坛关于局域网仿真技术的基本思想及其协议体系的工作过程，并介绍了利用局域网仿真技术在校园网中应用ＡＴＭ技术实现视频传输的方法。     

Multiresolution coding techniques for digital television: A review

Multiresolution decompositions for video coding are reviewed. Both nonrecursive and recursive coding schemes are considered. In nonrecursive schemes, it is shown that pyramid structures have certain advantages over subband or wavelet techniques, and a specific spatiotemporal pyramid coding of HDTV is discussed in some detail. It is shown that recursive, DPCM like schemes will incur a slight loss of optimality due to a restricted form of prediction if multiresolution decomposition with compatible decoding is required. Compatibility and transmission issues are also discussed. Multiresolution transmission for digital broadcast TV is introduced. This, when combined with multiresolution source coding, achieves spectrum efficiency, robustness and graceful degradation under channel impairments.Invited PaperWork supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants ECD-88-11111, MIP-90-14189 and Bell Communications Research.Work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants ECD-88-11111. K.M. Uz is now with David Sarnoff Research Center in Princeton, NJ 08543.     

图像处理中自适应数学形态学的研究

实际图像处理中当视场的变化引起目标变形时,固定大小的形态学算子很难达到较好的处理效果。研究了利用距离变换自适应地调整结构元大小的方法,即根据图像的不同位置来调整结构元素的大小,从而实现图像的形态学运算,并由此推导出了快速计算方法,最后测试了这种新算法的有效性。实验结果表明,该算法取得了较为理想的效果。     

Lyapunov‐stable discrete‐time model reference adaptive control

Discrete‐time model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is considered with both least squares and projection algorithm parameter identification. For both cases complete Lyapunov proofs are given for stability and convergence. The results extend the approach of Johansson (Int. J. Control 1989; 50 (3):859–869) to include Lyapunov stability for MRAC when the normalized projection algorithm is used for parameter identification. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

空间机器人姿态与末端抓手协调运动的鲁棒自适应控制

本文讨论了载体姿态受控、位置不受控制的漂浮基空间机器人协调运动的控制问题。借助于虚拟扩展系统的输入与输出,得到了一组关于惯性参数呈线性函数关系的系统控制方程。以此为基础,针对空间机器人系统中不确定参数与未知参数并存的复杂情况,设计了载体姿态与末端抓手惯性空间轨迹协调运动的鲁棒自适应控制方案。利用两杆空间机器人系统进行了系统仿真运算,仿真结果证实了上述控制方案的有效性。由于对系统待估计参数作了分类,并充分利用系统信息对系统不确定参数采用保持鲁棒性而不是在线估计的方法,提到的控制方案具有计算量小的优点,有助于缓解机载计算机运算能力有限的矛盾。     

61单元分立式压电变形反射镜的研制

用于校正波前误差的61单元分立式压电变形反射镜是61单元自适应光学系统（AO）的关键器件之一。由于系统对单元数（61单元）和变形量（±3μm）的要求超过以往曾研制的变形镜，对研制工作带来许多困难。我们从理论分析到工艺研究采取措施，使研制的变形镜成功用于AO系统实验。     

一种视频信号压缩编码方法的研究

文章采用自适应预测编码加熵编码的复合编码方法，对视频信号进行压缩编码。计算机模拟结果表明，压缩比为3.5：1（2.25bits／Pixel）时可获得良好的图像质量，因此，可实现在PCM三次群信道上传输一路彩色电视信号。     

Generation of adaptive gait patterns for quadruped robot with CPG network including motor dynamic model

This paper describes the generation of adaptive gait patterns using new Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) including motor dynamic models for a quadruped robot under various environments. The CPGs act as the flexible oscillators of the joints and adjust joint angles to required values. The CPGs are interconnected with each other and sets of their coupling parameters are adjusted by a genetic algorithm so that the quadruped robot can realize stable and adequate gait patterns. Generation of gait patterns results in the formation of the CPG networks suitable for the formation of not only a straight walking pattern but also of rotating gait patterns. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CPG networks are effective for the automatic adjustment of the adaptive gait patterns for the tested quadruped robot under various environments. Furthermore, the target tracking control based on image processing is achieved by combining the general gait patterns. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(1): 35–43, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20225     

Minimum switching control for adaptive tracking

The switching adaptive control method has been used for quite a few years to solve the adaptive stabilization and model reference adaptive control problems. However, a serious problem with the switching control method is that the number of ‘candidate’ controllers can potentially be very large, especially for multi‐input–multi‐output systems. In this paper, we consider a class of minimum‐phase multi‐input–multi‐output plants with some mild compactness assumptions. Given any polynomial reference input, we provide a switching control law which guarantees exponentially stability of the closed‐loop system with exponential tracking performance. The main contribution of the paper is that we give the minimum number of candidate controllers required for switching. In particular, the number is equal to 2 for single‐input–single‐output plants (one for each sign of the high‐frequency gain), and is equal to 2^m for m‐input–m‐output plants. That is, the number is independent of the degree and the relative degree of the plant. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.