中国海上时移地震技术应用的可行性研究

针对中国海上油田的具体情况，参照国外风险评估方法，进行了一些初步的时移地震可行性研究。总的来说，在中国海上开展时移地震是基本可行的，是必然的发展趋势，但中国海上油田的储层结构和成分比较复杂，因此必须针对不同油田的具体问题，做好各种风险性研究及相应的技术和策略，才能最大限度地降低风险，发挥时移地震技术的效益。     

Complementary modelling of fluid separation processes

Optimal functioning of numerous technological processes depends primarily on relevant process design, properly selected column internals and sufficient understanding of the process behaviour. This can be achieved only with the help of accurate and reliable process models capable of considering process rates in a rigorous way, with respect to both transport phenomena and chemistry. In this article, a new modelling concept called complementary modelling is suggested for a large class of fluid separation processes. Since the conditions and criteria for these processes vary considerably, it is impossible to develop a unified modelling approach. Instead, a reasonable and effective combination of different modelling approaches provides solutions to many present and future tasks. The complementary modelling is discussed in detail and illustrated with several case studies.     

Credibility and applicability of virtual reality models in design and construction

In this paper, we present the findings from an extensive study of the use of virtual reality (VR) models in large construction projects. The study includes two parts: The first part presents a quantitative questionnaire designed to investigate how VR models are experienced and assessed by the workforce at a building site. The second part includes a qualitative field survey of how VR models can be applied and accepted by professionals in the design and planning process of a large pelletizing plant. Through mainly studying persons who had little or no experience with advanced information technology (IT), we hoped to reveal the attitudes of the average person working at a construction site rather than of an IT expert. In summary, the study shows that the VR models in both projects have been very useful and well accepted by the users. Today’s information flow is, from a general point of view, considered to be insufficient and the hypothesis is that using VR models in the construction process have the potential to minimize waste of resources and improve the final result.     

斜井射孔工艺研究与应用

张店油田是河南油田重点区块,根据油层分布规律,大部分井采用斜井钻井技术。为提高斜井的射孔完井效率和单井产能,开展了斜井射孔工艺研究,对射孔弹、相位角、射孔液的选取及孔密、射孔负压值等参数进行优化设计,改进射孔枪结构。现场11井次应用结果表明,该技术能有效提高斜井的射孔完井效率和单井产能。     

影响水利工程投资变化的实证分析

影响水利工程投资变化的因素可以分为市场因素、经济因素、设计因素、工期因素、不可预见因素等。选用南水北调东线江苏某段工程的投资变化数据,运用多元方差分析的方法就影响因素对不同工程投资变化的影响进行实证分析。结果表明,影响因素对不同工程的投资变化影响存在显著性差异,工程规模越大影响因素的影响程度就越大。据此提出在水利工程投资控制中必须优化价差管理方法,加强设计管理,减少设计变更,建立“静态投资、动态管理”体系来实现对工程投资变化的控制。     

冶金烧结强化盘式钻头齿圈的试验研究

在分析盘式钻头齿圈失效机理的基础上,提出了齿圈表面堆焊耐磨合金强化和镶嵌硬质合金齿圈强化两种方法。通过试验研究和对比分析,确定了采用冶金混合烧结固齿法镶嵌硬质合金齿圈强化盘式钻头。进一步的试验研究表明:采用冶金混合烧结固齿法镶嵌硬质合金齿圈来强化盘式钻头齿圈,其结合情况非常好;硬质合金齿圈的硬度、耐磨料磨损的能力和耐冲击磨料磨损的能力在烧结后都有进一步的提高,说明采用冶金混合烧结固齿法镶嵌硬质合金齿圈来强化盘式钻头齿圈是可行的。     

多功能复合化学剂在蒸汽吞吐中的应用

辽河油田稠油热采以蒸汽吞吐开采为主,随着注汽轮次的不断增加、生产过程中各种工艺措施的不断介入,油藏受热水及其它侵入介质的影响,综合含水逐步上升,油层近井地带污染日益严重,直接影响了采收率,限制了稠油的高效开发.从油藏地质条件变化和伤害机理入手,开发研制出注蒸汽化学辅助技术--多功能复合化学剂.室内试验和现场应用表明,该技术能有效降低原油粘度、疏通油层、降低油水界面张力、改善稠油流动性、增加油层能量、提高采收率,从根本上改善稠油热采效果.     

建设领域劳务分包现状分析及对策

从劳务市场的现状入手,分析劳务合同存在的问题,寻找解决办法,有利于对建筑市场进行行政指导、行政监督和建筑业企业的健康发展。     

Quantum chemical SINDO1 study of vanadium pentoxide

An improved set of parameters for vanadium in the semiempirical quantum chemical SCF MO method SINDO1 is presented. It is shown that both the geometries and heats of formation of a number of vanadium-containing compounds calculated by this method are in good agreement with available experimental data. Model clusters of increasing size are used for the study of geometric and energetic properties of vanadium pentoxide. Both hydrogen atom and proton adsorption on the (010) surface of vanadium pentoxide and a subsequent formation of different oxygen vacancies have been investigated. Based on these computational results the reactivities of V₂O₅-surface oxygen atoms for adsorption are discussed.     

Ornament and function

The architects and builders in the past lacked our knowledge concerning fluid dynamics, but they exhibited a deep rooted ability to observe and reflect - thus, different cultures have developed by trial and error. The authors have produced a stimulating analysis which couples the science of fluid dynamics and a sensitive understanding of past cultures. The paper is recommended reading.