Analysis of switched quantizer based on the quadratic spline functions

In this paper, an approximation of the optimal compressor function using the quadratic spline functions with 2L?=?8 segments is described. Since the quadratic spline with 2L?=?8 segments provides better approximation of the optimal compression function than quadratic spline with 2L?=?4 segments, capitalizing on the benefits of the obtained spline approximation, quantizer designing process is firstly performed for the so assumed number of segments and the Laplacian source of a unit variance. Then, to enhance the usability of the proposed model, the switched quantization technique is applied and a beneficial analysis is derived, providing insight in the robustness of the proposed quantizer performances with respect to the mismatch in designed for and applied to variances. Reached quality has been compared to another model from the literature, and it has been shown that the proposed model outperforms the previous model by almost 1.3?dB.     

An Examination of Various Methods of Minimising Strain Gradients in 3D Embedded Strain Gauge Analysis

This paper is a review of different methods used to reduce the effect of strain gradients in experimental models with 3D embedded strain gauged transducers. A detailed analysis of various methods used in relation to research carried out on a prosthetic hip implant is investigated. The methods to reduce these gradient effects detail the importance of the selection of the most suitable 3D transducer pattern and establishing the locations on the model where strain gradients are least problematic. It is also shown that the use of large‐scale models helps minimise the effect a gradient may have on data. Another way of avoiding strain gradients is to use axisymmetric models and embed the gauges at the same radius in the model but at a different angular orientation from the central axis. The strain gradient across the 3D embedded strain gauge transducer can be reduced using the methods described here so that significant errors in the final tensor do not materialise.     

Metallic interconnects for solid oxide fuel cell: A review on protective coating and deposition techniques

With the reduction of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating temperature to the range of 600 °C–800 °C, metallic alloy with high oxidation resistance are used to replace traditional ceramic interconnects. Metallic interconnects is advantageous over ceramic interconnects; in terms of manufacturability, cost, mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity. To date, promising candidates for metallic interconnects are all Cr-containing alloys, which are susceptible to volatile Cr migration that causes cell degradation. As such, protective coatings have been developed to effectively inhibit Cr migration; as well as maintain excellent electrical conductivity and good oxidation resistance. This article reviews the progress and technical challenges in developing metallic interconnects; different types of protective coatings and deposition techniques for metallic interconnects for intermediate-temperature SOFC applications.     

风险管理技术在大型工程项目管理组织机构建设中的研究与应用——以中国海油2000万吨级天然气液化厂工程项目为例

以中国海油2 000万吨级天然气液化厂大型工程项目为实例,采用德尔菲法对项目组管理组织机构和关键岗位或人员的风险因素进行了全面的分析和数据采集,运用模糊数学方法计算出每一个风险因素对应的管理风险指数,在此基础上成功实施了工程项目组管理组织机构的优化,实现了项目管理工作的持续改进和能力提升从定性管理向定量管理方面的转变,对其它大型工程项目的项目管理工作具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Zr53.7Ni9.4Cu28.5AI8.4块体金属玻璃的激光焊接

采用激光焊接技术对Zr53.7Ni9.4Cu28.5Al8.4块体金属玻璃进行焊接试验,研究在激光焊接下不同工艺参量对焊接接头组织的影响,探讨了焊接热循环过程中焊缝和热影响区的晶化行为。结果表明,固定激光功率1 200 W,焊接速度从8 m/min提高到30 m/min,均成功获得了无气孔和裂纹等缺陷的焊接接头。焊缝熔化区保持了非晶结构,热影响区则出现不连续的呈弧形分布的点状晶粒。随着焊接速度的提高,热影响区的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。     

岩土工程可靠度分析的拉格朗日乘数法

基于可靠指标标准正态空间计算的数学模型,运用拉格朗日乘数法,提出了计算岩土工程设计验算点和可靠指标的方法.该方法适用于任何概率分布的相关变量,不必计算当量正态均值和方差、相关变量独立变换,也适用于功能函数为高度线性时采用JC法计算可靠指标迭代不能收敛的情况.通过建立构造函数,然后求其对各个变量的一阶偏导并与结构的功能函数联立求解出验算点坐标,之后求出可靠性指标.由于标准正态分布函数的反函数表达式不能给出,在求解其导数时可使用有理多项式法求解.通过二个算例分析表明该方法简单、可靠和有效,值得在工程实践中推广.     

关于建筑工程施工技术管理的探讨

结合多年实践经验,重点对建筑工程施工阶段的施工技术管理问题进行了详细的阐述和分析,包括施工人员管理、材料质量管理、设备管理、施工进度和质量管理等内容,希望可以对同行提供一些有价值的参考和借鉴。     

三元稀土硅化物Gd_2PdSi_3单晶生长(英文)

采用光悬浮区熔法以3 mm/h的生长速度制备Gd2PdSi3单晶。该化合物表现为同成分熔融,其熔点在1700°C左右。与Gd2PdSi3化学计量成分相比,制备的晶体中Pd含量略低,导致了熔区内Pd的富集以及实验过程中熔区温度的降低。采用标准成分给料棒制备的单晶内含有少量定向的GdSi沉淀,可以通过退火热处理减少其含量但并不能完全消除。采用给料棒成分微调的方法制备出不含GdSi沉淀的高质量Gd2PdSi3单晶。     

Finite element analyses of slope stability problems using non-associated plasticity

In recent years, finite element analyses have increasingly been utilized for slope stability problems. In comparison to limit equilibrium methods, numerical analyses do not require any definition of the failure mechanism a priori and enable the determination of the safety level more accurately. The paper compares the performances of strength reduction finite element analysis (SRFEA) with finite element limit analysis (FELA), whereby the focus is related to non-associated plasticity. Displacement-based finite element analyses using a strength reduction technique suffer from numerical instabilities when using non-associated plasticity, especially when dealing with high friction angles but moderate dilatancy angles. The FELA on the other hand provides rigorous upper and lower bounds of the factor of safety (FoS) but is restricted to associated flow rules. Suggestions to overcome this problem, proposed by Davis (1968), lead to conservative FoSs; therefore, an enhanced procedure has been investigated. When using the modified approach, both the SRFEA and the FELA provide very similar results. Further studies highlight the advantages of using an adaptive mesh refinement to determine FoSs. Additionally, it is shown that the initial stress field does not affect the FoS when using a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.