论我国等同采用国际风险管理标准的必要性

日前,国际标准化组织ISO正式发布了用于风险管理的国际标准ISO 31000:2009《风险管理——原则与指南》。该标准是在经济全球化的新环境下,"特定事件"和"特定法规"的基础上产生的,体现了世界范围内风险管理的最新理论和最佳实践。在全球金融危机尚未结束的今天,该标准的发布具有重要意义。本文从6个方面论述了我国"等同采用"ISO 31000:2009标准的必要性,并指出我国尽早"等同采用"该标准既有实践的基础,又有现实的意义。     

Consumer Input for Developing Human Food Products Made with Sorghum Grain

Abstract: Because sorghum grain has important characteristics (for example, great antioxidant profile) for introduction into the regular human diet, producers and industry aim to develop successful products using sorghum as the base. The 1st step in developing products attractive for consumers is understanding consumer needs and expectations. Conjoint analysis determines attributes which may be important or unimportant for one product. In this study, focus groups and conjoint analysis were used to establish which attributes are helpful for promoting purchase intent of sorghum grain products. Once those characteristics were chosen, a national survey was conducted to confirm the selection. During the focus groups, the heath aspects of grain products seemed to be the most appealing for consumers, whereas conjoint analysis showed that sensory attributes were the principal drivers for purchase intent. Practical Application: The data presented in this study are essential for industry as a starting point for developing sorghum grain based food products. It is necessary to address consumers’ demands to ensure new products’ success in the market, and the present study clearly shows this consumers’ input.     

New functional fibre in milk puddings: Effect on sensory properties and consumers' acceptability

The effect of the addition of a new functional fibre (high-amylose maize starch, HAMS, as a source of resistant starch), recently available in the market, on sensory characteristics and consumers' acceptability of milk puddings was studied. Milk puddings containing modified waxy maize starch and κ-carrageenan were produced with different HAMS concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%). Higher HAMS concentration caused changes in the sensory characteristics of milk puddings. Particularly, sensory attributes such as some roughness, rough afterfeel and floury taste appeared. Besides, the addition of HAMS caused an increase in manual and oral thickness and a decrease in creaminess, melting, and sweetness. A HAMS enrichment level of 1.4% in this product was estimated as the maximum concentration that does not significantly modify consumers' overall acceptability. Using survival analysis the proportion of consumers who would buy milk desserts containing 1.4 % HAMS was estimated as 71%. Consumers more interested in consuming functional foods enriched with fibre were more tolerant to the sensory changes caused by the addition of HAMS to the milk puddings.     

基于需求侧管理的分布式光伏发电余电上网调控研究

在居民用户分布式光伏发电余电上网方面引入需求侧管理,促进居民用户改变用电方式,提升日间余电上网电量,降低电网高峰时段的供电压力。基于消费者心理学原理,建立了用户激励响应模型。考虑用户可调容量、光伏出力的约束条件,采用多目标遗传算法得出分布式光伏发电余电上网的经济激励,该激励可有效提高用户余电上网电量,削减日间高峰负荷,提高电网的运行效率。     

Impact of organization size and project type on BIM adoption in the Chinese construction market

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is perceived as an effective tool for improving the delivery and coordination of construction projects. The Chinese construction sector has demonstrated significant interest in implementing the 3-dimensional modelling-based process. BIM adoption is influenced by several factors which can either be operational or strategic related. Factors which can have a significant impact include the size of the construction organization and the type of projects that the organization has to deliver (i.e. building vs infrastructure projects). This study aims to evaluate the effect of project type and size on BIM adoption in the Chinese market, via an adoption model which analyses factors impacting the adoption decision. The study examines 200 samples collected from the Chinese construction industry, split equally between infrastructure and building construction data groups, as well as SMEs and large organizations. The collected data are first analyzed by principal component analysis and then through a Structural Equation Modelling-based multiple group analysis. Results demonstrate that essential factors such as operational risks are considered by small organization, whereas large organizations focus on implementation challenges. Implementation benefits and challenges are significant on the adoption decision in infrastructure organizations, but not in building organizations. In addition, the study reveals that “technical support” is an important factor when it comes to BIM adoption among all types of organizations, regardless of the organization’s size and project type delivered.     

Professor Rodney Howes, 1943–2005

Strategic IT implementation decisions for major construction projects in Hong Kong are subject to various forces or factors identified in previous research—such as external forces, technological factors and organizational factors. The aim of this research was to examine the relationship (if any) between these families of forces and evaluate their impact, individually and collectively. A complex combination of several families of forces/factors that affect decision making was found to be ‘temporal’ with respect to project teams on major projects in Hong Kong. The research was underpinned by a broad questionnaire survey to establish ‘current practice’ before in‐depth analysis of the forces by means of a case study followed by interviews with industry leaders to confirm the results. It was found that respondents (n = 33) ordered cost, security and confidentiality as the most influential factors affecting IT implementation. A difference was found in the perceptions of ‘hired‐in’ project‐based staff in joint ventures and ‘permanent staff’ of single companies, the former evaluating IT performance more highly but evaluating the strategic use of, and user satisfaction with, IT significantly lower. The major constraint on IT implementation was found to be lack of budget, not cost per se. It is concluded that the temporal factors that apply to implementing innovative IT technology in project teams are relevant to different team members at different stages in the project life cycle and these factors are conditioned by a set of business conditions applying to project‐specific coalition organizations that are different from those that apply to single‐entity organizations.     

Retail Change in Southern Sydney: Lifestyle-Linked Restructuring?

Examination of the changing composition of shopping centres in suburban Sydney between 1969 and 1998 suggests that retail restructuring is linked to lifestyle changes. The growth in the number of shops appears to have matched population growth in the 1990s, suggesting that the suburbanisation of retailing has stabilised. At the same time there has been increasing diversification in terms of the retail functions which are available and in terms of the places where these are available. These changes appear linked to a blurring of the distinction between shopping and leisure and to the use of shopping as a way of signifying identity.     

绿色建材应用现状的调查研究

本文对上海市的消费者就绿色建材的认知、购买、评价及应用情况进行了调查与分析,总结了消费者对绿色建材的认知度、认可度和购买意愿,归纳出绿色建材在推广使用中存在的主要问题,并提出相应的解决方法。     

消费逻辑下的建筑神话——从符号学角度分析消费社会的建筑发展驱动力

通过分析从前工业社会到消费社会的建筑发展历程。以罗兰·巴特的神话学和让·鲍德里亚的关于消费社会的分析等相关符号学理论为基础。将当代建筑的消费归纳为一个具有四个层级的神话结构,提出在消费社会,大众文化赋予了建筑各种文化性内涵并将这些内涵与权力、地位、名望等符号价值联系。建筑消费的最终目的是实现符号价值。体现在差异性消费中的人与人的社会关系。