基于弥散斑单基站定距的可行性分析

在理论上分析了基于弥散斑的单基站定距方法，并利用远心光路改善弥散斑的测量。为了提高测距范围，在成像光学系统前加一望远光学系统，可以适当改变整个系统的焦距，改善系统的测距范围，从而可以实现单基站定距。     

全息凹面光栅二阶圆场和平场成象特性

从全息凹面光栅几何成象理论出发，用简捷的解析方法研究固定入射狭缝全息凹面衍射光栅摄谱装架二阶圆场和平场成象特性。指出罗兰圆是唯一的二阶子午无离焦圆场摄谱装架和只存在的唯一的一簇二阶矢无象散平场摄谱装架。还指出仅当柱面或平面光栅时，才能形成二阶子午无离焦平场和弧矢无象散圆场谱面，进一步讨论获得既不离焦也无象散的圆场和平场装架的可能性。     

温度对红外光学系统的影响分析及消热差设计

分析了温度对红外光学系统结构参数的影响,计算了温度变化引起系统的离焦量和调制传递函数,给出了红外光学系统消热差设计的基本原理;利用ZEMAX光学设计分析软件,结合实际的长波红外光学系统,分析其在20℃,－40℃和60℃时的成像质量。分析结果表明,该系统在常温时成像质量接近衍射极限,系统全视场调制传递函数在特征频率20 lp／mm处达0.6,87.6％的能量集中在探测器的一个像元内,成像质量优良;但是当温度在－40～60℃变化时,系统成像质量急剧恶化,不再满足使用要求,在分析的基础上采用折衍射混合光学被动式消热差技术中对其进行进一步设计,经消热差设计后该红外光学系统的成像质量得到了极大的改善,全视场调制传递函数在特征频率20 lp／mm处达0.55以上,且能量分布集中,满足红外探测系统的使用要求。     

Wavefront curvature sensor with phase defocus grating

The proposed optimum phase defocus grating for wavefront curvature sensing features an equidistantly quantized two-phase-step and a phase step height of π. The optimum phase defocus grating suppresses the influence of zero-order diffraction. The high diffractive efficiencies of the ±1 diffraction orders are verified experimentally, showing average values of 38.08% and 40.36% respectively. The phase plate introduces the wavefront deformation, which are measured by wavefront curvature sensing and reconstructed via the Green's Function algorithm. The reconstructed wavefront is compared with the measurement result of a Veeco interferometer. It is verified that the measurement of the self-designed curvature sensor is correct. The error percent of peak-valley value (PV) is 10%, and the error percent of root mean square (RMS) is 2%.     

高密度全场主动离焦三维测量的精度分析

向物体投射正交正弦光栅或正弦光栅，都能实现我们提出的高密度全场离焦三维测量，实验发现测量精度依赖于投射模式和物体毒面纹理。计算机模拟显示物体深度测量精度与物体纹理的调制度、频率和投射光栅方向有关。对各种纹理，正交正弦光栅投射的测量精度都高于正弦光栅投射的测量精度。在相同实验条件下，正交正弦光栅和正弦光栅投射的弱纹理表面的深度测量均方误差分别为0．18mm和0．25mm，较强纹理表面的均方误差为0．35ram和0．54mm。     

激光直写调焦系统特性及离焦应用研究

为适应直接光刻法高效制作不同线宽的需要,提出了一种基于二象限探测器的新的调焦方案用于极坐标激光直接写入设备,这种调焦方案适于在离焦状态下制作不同线宽线条.针对转台和直线平移台两种主要离焦源的不同特点,采用快速精动机构和慢速粗动机构进行补偿.二象限光电探测器、压电型微位移执行器和高压运算放大器等分别构成调焦系统的输入、输出和驱动部分.该激光直写设备在离焦模式下制作了均匀的3.0 μm线宽的螺旋线,表明了离焦直写在制作可变线宽上的可行性.     

Observing Shape from Defocused Images

International Journal of Computer Vision - Accommodation cues are measurable properties of an image that are associated with a change in the geometry of the imaging device. To what extent can...     

A bin picking system based on depth from defocus

It is generally accepted that to develop versatile bin-picking systems capable of grasping and manipulation operations, accurate 3-D information is required. To accomplish this goal, we have developed a fast and precise range sensor based on active depth from defocus (DFD). This sensor is used in conjunction with a three-component vision system, which is able to recognize and evaluate the attitude of 3-D objects. The first component performs scene segmentation using an edge-based approach. Since edges are used to detect the object boundaries, a key issue consists of improving the quality of edge detection. The second component attempts to recognize the object placed on the top of the object pile using a model-driven approach in which the segmented surfaces are compared with those stored in the model database. Finally, the attitude of the recognized object is evaluated using an eigenimage approach augmented with range data analysis. The full bin-picking system will be outlined, and a number of experimental results will be examined. Received: 2 December 2000 / Accepted: 9 September 2001 Correspondence to: O. Ghita     

基于几何代数的散焦模糊高维图像恢复

几何代数易于对高维空间几何进行计算和分析,应用几何代数的这一特性,将彩色图像表示为高维几何空间中的点元素,利用几何代数描述图像的变换关系,将图像的散焦变换看作是高维空间中点元素的平移运动。通过分析模糊图像以及其衍生出的相关模糊图像对应在高维几何空间中点之间的分布关系的研究,计算出空间中复原图像的点分布位置。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

烟煤锅炉掺烧褐煤对机组安全经济性影响的研究

燃煤发电厂锅炉多煤种掺烧对机组安全经济运行具有十分重要意义。结合某电厂350 MW超临界烟煤锅炉掺烧蒙西褐煤的试验,分析验证了褐煤掺烧对降低标煤单价、提高锅炉效率、降低NO_x排放等主要指标的影响,取得较好的经济效益;通过掺烧试验探索机组在不同负荷下的最佳配风方案,提出锅炉CO质量浓度在线监测和燃尽风流量占比对低氮燃烧和锅炉效率的影响,一般控制CO质量浓度在200 mg/m³左右、燃尽风比率以7.0%～15.0%为宜,为解决低氮燃烧与燃烧效率之间的矛盾问题提供借鉴;通过优化燃烧调整试验、锅炉液体除焦剂注射试验以及改进锅炉冷灰斗光滑度等综合治理措施,有效缓解了锅炉受热面结焦问题,取得较好效果。可以为电站锅炉配煤掺烧和节能减排提供参考。