TiAl 合金中的γ→α析出转变行为

研究了Ti-48Al和Ti-48Al—0．8B合金中的γ→α析出转变，分析了α析出相的生长形态、晶体学特征、生长动力学及α／γ相界面结构。结果显示α相从γ相中析出有两种方式：一种是从γ晶粒内沿{111}，晶面以片状形貌析出，且α相与γ基体保持共格位向关系；另一种则是在γ晶界上通过不连续析出转变，以不规则的块状形貌析出，并向着晶界一侧与之无位向关系的γ晶粒内生长。添加0．8％(摩尔分数)B能显著降低γ晶粒内片状α析出相的形核率，并抑制α相生长。HREM分析表明：片状α相是在γ相的堆垛层错上形核，并通过“台阶-凸起-扭折”机制生长；α／γ相界面上复杂层错的存在及台阶形核率低是片状α相沿厚度方向生长缓慢的主要原因。     

适用于扩展有限元裂缝计算的钢筋与混凝土粘结滑移关系

以定量分析钢筋与混凝土粘结滑移关系为目标,利用RCXFEHohai-P扩展有限元程序,计算采用不同粘结滑移公式时钢筋混凝土简支梁的最大裂缝宽度。结果表明,计算所得最大裂缝宽度各不相同,且都与《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2010)所列最大裂缝宽度公式计算值存在差别。为此,基于GA-BP神经遗传网络,以规范最大裂缝宽度公式计算值为预测目标,反演得到适用于扩展有限元裂缝计算的粘结滑移公式,算例表明该公式能满足扩展有限元裂缝宽度计算要求。研究成果对提高扩展有限元裂缝分析的准确性具有一定的参考价值。     

Investigating dependencies in software requirements for change propagation analysis

ContextThe dependencies between individual requirements have an important influence on software engineering activities e.g., project planning, architecture design, and change impact analysis. Although dozens of requirement dependency types were suggested in the literature from different points of interest, there still lacks an evaluation of the applicability of these dependency types in requirements engineering.ObjectiveUnderstanding the effect of these requirement dependencies to software engineering activities is useful but not trivial. In this study, we aimed to first investigate whether the existing dependency types are useful in practise, in particular for change propagation analysis, and then suggest improvements for dependency classification and definition.MethodWe conducted a case study that evaluated the usefulness and applicability of two well-known generic dependency models covering 25 dependency types. The case study was conducted in a real-world industry project with three participants who offered different perspectives.ResultsOur initial evaluation found that there exist a number of overlapping and/or ambiguous dependency types among the current models; five dependency types are particularly useful in change propagation analysis; and practitioners with different backgrounds possess various viewpoints on change propagation. To improve the state-of-the-art, a new dependency model is proposed to tackle the problems identified from the case study and the related literature. The new model classifies dependencies into intrinsic and additional dependencies on the top level, and suggests nine dependency types with precise definitions as its initial set.ConclusionsOur case study provides insights into requirement dependencies and their effects on change propagation analysis for both research and practise. The resulting new dependency model needs further evaluation and improvement.     

Paving the way for CRM success: The mediating role of knowledge management and organizational commitment

Customer relationship management (CRM) has become one of the most influential technologies in the world, and companies are increasingly implementing it to create value. However, despite significant investment in CRM technology infrastructure, empirical research offers inconsistent support for its positive impact on performance. This study develops and tests a research model analyzing the process through which CRM technology infrastructure translates into organizational performance, drawing on the resource-based view (RBV) and the knowledge-based view (KBV) of the firm. Based on an international sample of 125 hotels, the results suggest that organizational commitment and knowledge management fully mediate this process.     

Effect of introduction of structural defects on protective ability of polyesters

Permeability of a polymer plays an important role in conferring the protective ability of organic coating to the steel surface against atmospheric corrosion. Although the relationship between structure of polymers and their permeability has been extensively studied in various applications like membranes, packaging, etc., such detailed study is lacking in the area of coatings. The systematic study of structure–permeability relationship of polymers in clear coatings can give guidelines in selecting the binder for the required application. This article deals with the effect of introduction of structural defects into a straight chain aliphatic polyesters on the protective ability of their clear coatings against corrosion. The mild steel panels coated with clear coatings based on the polyesters were exposed to humidity in humidity chamber. A novel technique of detecting the onset of corrosion was used instead of conventional methods that detect the failure of the coating due to corrosion. It was observed that even at 1–10% mole defect introduced by replacement of straight chain diols with branched diols, the protective ability of clear coatings was affected drastically.     

一种应用于人脸识别的超分辨率方法

为提高局部保持投影(LPP)在人脸图像超分辨率中的适用性,在LPP中引入典型相关分析(CCA),提出一种相关性增强的局部保持投影方法(CELPP)。CELPP用于提取高分辨率图像与低分辨率图像特征,根据关系学习建立低分辨率图像特征与高分辨率图像特征之间的映射变换,输入低分辨率图像,通过CELPP特征提取和关系映射,得到高分辨率图像,并将其用于人脸识别。对人脸库ORL和Yale进行的实验结果表明,该方法同时考虑了高分辨率图像与低分辨率图像的相似性及同类图像的局部结构性,在基于人脸识别的超分辨率应用中优于LPP和CCA。     

基于用户购买记录的改进协同过滤推荐

提出一种基于用户购买记录的改进协同过滤推荐.用户的购买记录在一定程度上反映用户的偏好和购买习惯,采用用户项目购买数量矩阵,使用改进的相似度计算用户之间的相似度,结合用户购买商品之间的关联关系,对目标用户的购买数量进行预测,实现基于用户的协同过滤推荐.实验结果表明,该算法降低了数据稀疏性,使推荐结果更加精确可靠.     

多标记分类和标记相关性的联合学习

提出了多标记分类和标记相关性的联合学习(JMLLC),在JMLLC中,构建了基于类别标记变量的有向条件依赖网络,这样不仅使得标记分类器之间可以联合学习,从而增强各个标记分类器的学习效果,而且标记分类器和标记相关性可以联合学习,从而使得学习得到的标记相关性更为准确.通过采用两种不同的损失函数:logistic回归和最小二乘,分别提出了JMLLC-LR(JMLLC with logistic regression)和JMLLC-LS(JMLLC with least squares),并都拓展到再生核希尔伯特空间中.最后采用交替求解的方法求解JMLLC-LR和JMLLC-LS.在20个基准数据集上基于5种不同的评价准则的实验结果表明,JMLLC优于已提出的多标记学习算法.     

基于动态依赖的类间测试顺序研究

类间集成测试顺序决定着测试成本的大小,为了得到合适的测试顺序,提出了一种基于动态依赖的类间测试顺序的方法。首先分析对象关系图中类间依赖关系,然后运用边删除规则去除环路,最后运用有向无环图的拓扑序列给出类的测试顺序。仿真结果表明,本文的方法较Briand的方法减少了42%的测试桩。此方法满足最小化测试桩的需要,提高了测试效率,减少了测试成本。