生态环保复合药肥的研制与生产

选用多种有机物为原料,经酵素发酵或活化处理,配入以腐植酸为载体的综合有益生物菌剂,再添加适量含氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、硅的肥料及微量元素、稀土等,生产生态环保复合药肥。介绍其工艺、产品质量及特点。该药肥对生态环保和农业增产效果显著。     

直面市场 竞争致胜

表面工程行业面临着激烈的市场竞争，本文从观念创新、技术领先、营销战略、品牌提升、创建学习型团队几个方面提出了一些值得关注的问题。只有直面市场才能竞争致胜。     

Evaluating reactivity to ecological momentary assessment during smoking cessation.

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) consists of assessing phenomena in real time in the natural environment. EMA allows for more fine-grained analyses of addictive behavior and minimizes threats to internal validity, such as recall biases and errors. However, because of the intensive monitoring involved in EMA, measurement reactivity is a concern. To test whether EMA with palmtop personal computers induces reactivity, the authors compared smoking-related outcomes between smokers using EMA and those not using EMA during a quit attempt. The use of no-EMA control groups has been rare in reactivity investigations to date. The EMA protocol included event-contingent assessments (smoking episodes, urge episodes) and random assessments. Outcomes included biologically confirmed abstinence and self-report measures of withdrawal, self-efficacy, motivation, affect, and temptations. Participants were smokers motivated to quit (N = 96). They were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: EMA for the week preceding a planned quit date, EMA for the week following the quit date, and no EMA. Abstinence rates did not differ between the groups at Day 7 or at Day 28 postcessation. For the 20 subscales assessed at each of 3 assessment times, there were significant differences between participants with and without EMA experience for 3 subscales at the 1st of 3 assessment times, and significant differences for 3 different subscales at the 3rd assessment time. These differences suggest some reactivity to EMA, although the inconsistent pattern across time indicates that further research is needed to definitively conclude that EMA induces reactivity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

国内中小皮化企业如何适应激烈的市场竞争

总结了目前国内中、小皮化企业中存在的主要问题 :自主开发能力差 ,造成产品品种单一、配套性差 ;新产品市场推广能力也较差 ,造成即使有好的产品 ,也无法打开市场 ;而普遍存在的制革厂欠款 ,皮化企业自身体制陈旧及国外皮化公司的进一步本土化策略 ,使国内皮化企业面临更严峻的挑战。根据自身多年经营皮化材料的经验 ,提出了切实可行的应对措施     

生态公路概念浅析

通过对生态公路概念的分析,深入剖析了生态公路的内涵,总结了生态公路的特征,从宏观上科学地把握了生态公路的思想精髓,从而进行总结,为生态公路的进一步发展奠定了理论基础。     

冯家山水库灌区节水改造项目效益分析

从节水、减灾、生态、新技术应用、管理体制改革等方面,综合论述了冯家山水库灌区续建配套节水改造的经济效益、社会效益、环境效益。用动态法进行了可用货币计量的效益计算,说明节水改造是经济合理的。     

土工格室在生态防洪工程中的应用

河北省迁安市滦河生态防洪工程是河北省重点工程建设项目，在建设中采用土工格室生态护岸工程技术，不仅大大提高了工程建设的速度和质量，而且延长了堤坝使用寿命，减少了维护成本，收到了环保、生态等方面的综合效益。     

我国水利水电开发的生态保护实践与启示

我国水利水电开发中的生态与环境保护在法律、技术规范、资金保障等制度建设方面取得了重大进展。在实践中通过开展流域规划环评，生态破坏的预防得到加强；通过开展建设项目环境影响评价，从生态流量的保证、鱼类资源的保护、分层取水设施的设计布置等方面逐步深化了生态保护措施；建设期的环境监理、项目竣工的环境保护验收促进了环境保护措施的落实；水库的生态调度也在逐步展开。与此同时，应认识到我国水利水电建设在生态保护方面与发达国家相比还存在一定差距，今后要做好全流域综合规划与生态保护规划；开展生态保护共性技术研究：明确生态保护目标；加强生态调度的理论与方法研究，努力实现在保护生态的基础上有序开发水电。     

Evidence for Remote Effects of Dreissenid Mussels on the Amphipod Diporeia: Analysis of Lake Ontario Benthic Surveys, 1972–2003

The status of invasive dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) and native amphipods (Diporeia spp.) in Lake Ontario was assessed in 2003 and compared with historical data. D. polymorpha (zebra mussels) were rarely observed in 2003, having been displaced by D. bugensis (quagga mussels). D. bugensis expanded its depth range from 38 m depth in 1995 to 174 m in 2003 and this dreissenid reached densities averaging 8,000/m² at all sites < 90 m. During the same time period, Diporeia populations almost completely disappeared from 0–90 m depth, continuing a declining trend from 1994–1997 reported in previous studies. The average density of Diporeia in the 30–90 m depth interval decreased from 1,380/m² to 63/m² between 1997 and 2003. Prior to 2003, areas deeper than 90 m represented a refuge for Diporeia, but even these deep populations decreased, with densities declining from 2,181/m2 in 1999 to 545/m2 in 2003. Two common hypotheses for the decline of Diporeia in the Great Lakes are food limitation and a toxin/pathogen associated with dreissenid pseudofeces. The Diporeia decline in deep waters preceded the expansion of D. bugensis to these depths, and suggests that shallow dreissenid populations remotely influence profundal habitats. This pattern of decline is consistent with mechanisms that act from some distance including nearshore dreissenid grazing and downslope transport of pseudofeces.     

Integration of multiple national markets for electricity: The case of Norway and Sweden

During the second part of the 1990s the Nordic (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) countries have created a unique multinational market for electricity. This paper aims to analyse the degree of integration of the different national markets that constitute the Nordic electricity market. In particular the Norwegian and Swedish wholesale and retail electricity markets are analysed. The results suggest that the wholesale markets are well integrated. Thus prices differ significantly only during periods with unusually high or low supply of hydropower. However, the retail markets are not integrated to the same degree. Thus retail prices and trade margins differ significantly. Differences in the national electricity market legislation seem to be a key factor behind these differences.