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31.
The goal of face recognition is to distinguish persons via their facial images. Each person's images form a cluster, and a new image is recognized by assigning it to the correct cluster. Since the images are very high-dimensional, it is necessary to reduce their dimension. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) has been shown to be effective at dimension reduction while preserving the cluster structure of the data. It is classically defined as an optimization problem involving covariance matrices that represent the scatter within and between clusters. The requirement that one of these matrices be nonsingular restricts its application to datasets in which the dimension of the data does not exceed the sample size. For face recognition, however, the dimension typically exceeds the number of images in the database, resulting in what is referred to as the small sample size problem. Recently, the applicability of LDA has been extended by using the generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) to circumvent the nonsingularity requirement, thus making LDA directly applicable to face recognition data. Our experiments confirm that LDA/GSVD solves the small sample size problem very effectively as compared with other current methods. 相似文献
32.
本文提出了一种在高维空间下直接求MDA(Multiple discriminant analysis)最佳解的扰动算法,并把这一算法应用于人脸的识别中。在传统的MDA求解算法中,一般要求训练样本的个数足够大,以至于其类内散射矩阵为非奇异矩阵,即所谓的“小样本”问题。但是,在入脸识别中,由于人脸空间的维数非常大,而训练样本的个数有限,造成类内散射矩阵为奇异矩阵,从而使得用传统的求解方法失效。为了能在高维空间中求出MDA的最佳解,本文采用扰动的思想,巧妙地避开了矩阵的奇异性问题并找到了最佳变换矩阵。此外,把这一算法用于人脸的识别中,对ORL人脸图像库的实验显示,采用本文提出的算法达到比较低的错误率,其错误率仅为特征脸(Eigenface)方法的49.9%,为Fisher脸(Fisherface)的7914%。 相似文献
33.
34.
Pedro Ribeiro 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,61(15):2696-2715
A p‐version, hierarchical finite element for curved, moderately thick, elastic and isotropic beams is introduced. The convergence properties of the element are analysed and some results are compared with results published elsewhere or calculated using a commercial finite element package. It is verified that, with the proposed element, shear locking does not affect the computation of the natural frequencies and that low dimensional, accurate models are obtainable. Geometrically non‐linear vibrations due to finite deformations, which occur for harmonic excitations with frequencies close to the first three natural frequencies of vibration, are investigated using Newmark's method. The influence of the thickness, longitudinal inertia and curvature radius on the dynamic behaviour of curved beams are studied. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
35.
36.
迭代回归法计算T型电位滴定中试液含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文将迭代回归法计算T型电位滴定中,叙述了其原理及数学推导,并运算了一批实验数据,结果表明,该法准确度较高,且不需空白溶液校正。 相似文献
37.
预测井眼稳定性的力学化学耦合方法 总被引:13,自引:8,他引:5
在井眼力学稳定性评价的基础上,将硬脆性页岩水化后岩石强度等参数的变化规律用于页岩水化前后坍塌压力变化的对比分析,结果表明,地层坍塌压力当量密度随页岩水化程度的增加逐渐升高。给出了预测井眼稳定性的力学化学耦合方法,并将该方法应用于现场生产中,取得了较好的预测效果 相似文献
38.
Howard S. Manwaring 《Neural computing & applications》1994,2(3):168-178
A comparison is made between backpropagation and general regression neural networks for the prediction of parts per billion lead concentration when used to process data obtained from digested curry powder by the electrochemical analysis method of differential pulse, anodic stripping at a thin film mercury electrode (TFME). Two data sets are used, one requiring the net to classify an unknown analytical data vector into one of a number of previously learnt concentrations, and one requiring the net to predict the probable concentration of an unknown sample by interpolation of the already learnt concentrations. For both of these data sets the general regression neural network is shown to train faster and to provide results superior to those obtained by backpropagation. 相似文献
39.
Locally Weighted Learning 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Christopher G. Atkeson Andrew W. Moore Stefan Schaal 《Artificial Intelligence Review》1997,11(1-5):11-73
This paper surveys locally weighted learning, a form of lazy learning and memory-based learning, and focuses on locally weighted linear regression. The survey discusses distance functions, smoothing parameters, weighting functions, local model structures, regularization of the estimates and bias, assessing predictions, handling noisy data and outliers, improving the quality of predictions by tuning fit parameters, interference between old and new data, implementing locally weighted learning efficiently, and applications of locally weighted learning. A companion paper surveys how locally weighted learning can be used in robot learning and control. 相似文献
40.
In executing tasks involving intelligent information processing, the human brain performs better than the digital computer. The human brain derives its power from a large number [O(1011)] of neurons which are interconnected by a dense interconnection network [O(105) connections per neuron]. Artificial neural network (ANN) paradigms adopt the structure of the brain to try to emulate the intelligent information processing methods of the brain. ANN techniques are being employed to solve problems in areas such as pattern recognition, and robotic processing. Simulation of ANNs involves implementation of large number of neurons and a massive interconnection network. In this paper, we discuss various simulation models of ANNs and their implementation on distributed memory systems. Our investigations reveal that communication-efficient networks of distributed memory systems perform better than other topologies in implementing ANNs. 相似文献