A unified approach to finding good stable matchings in the hospitals/residents setting

The hospitals/residents (HR) problem is a many-to-one generalization of the stable marriage (SM) problem. Researchers have been interested in variants of stable matchings that either satisfy a set of additional contraints or are optimal with respect to some cost function. In this paper, we show that broad classes of feasibility and optimization stable matching problems in the HR setting can be solved efficiently provided certain tasks (such as checking the feasibility of a stable matching or computing the cost of a stable matching) can also be done efficiently. To prove our results, we make use of an HR instance’s meta-rotation poset to explore its stable matchings. An algorithm that can discover all the meta-rotations of the instance serves as a starting point for all our algorithms.     

Bringing meaning to numbers: The impact of evaluative categories on decisions.

Decision makers are often quite poor at using numeric information in decisions. The results of 4 experiments demonstrate that a manipulation of evaluative meaning (i.e., the extent to which an attribute can be mapped onto a good/bad scale; this manipulation is accomplished through the addition of visual boundary lines and evaluative labels to a graphical format) has a robust influence in health judgments and choices and across diverse adult populations. The manipulation resulted in greater use of numeric quality-of-care information in judgments and less reliance on an irrelevant affective state among the less numerate. Recall results for provided quality-of-care numbers suggested that the manipulation did not influence depth of number processing with the exception of cost information that was not remembered as well. Results of a reaction-time paradigm revealed that feelings were more accessible than thoughts in the presence of the manipulation, suggesting that the effect may be due, at least in part, to an affective mechanism. Numeric information is often provided in decisions, but may not be usable by consumers without assistance from information providers. Implications for consumer decision making and the functions of affect are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Testing in State Hospitals: Reply.

Replies to a comment made by James E. Woods (see record 2005-11050-002) regarding an original comment made by the author on the issue of testing in state hospitals. The author states that he agrees with Woods on many of the issues he presented in his comment and feels that he did not make his position clear or that Woods failed to detect his views. In summary, Hauck believes the evidence against the use of tests is not so convincing that testing should be foregone; and, until something better comes along, it is foolish to discard it, imperfections and all. He realizes his survey took for granted that such evidence does not exist and because tests remain there must be a firmer policy regarding their assumptions and how these assumptions are handled administratively. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some glimpses of Soviet psychology.

"Our major purpose was to see psychology at work in a variety of experimental laboratories at institutes, universities, and hospitals and, through conferences with Soviet psychologists, to learn as much as possible about their spheres of scientific interest, their aims, problems, theories, instruments, and techniques." Major subtopics are: How Psychological Research is Organized; Basic Tenets of Soviet Psychologists; Some Examples of Current Investigations (Experimental Studies of Higher Nervous Processes; Studies of Voluntary Activity, Work Operations, Productivity; Studies of Higher Mental Processes). "Wherever we went we found dedicated Soviet psychologists fully set to tell us about what they had last done, were then doing, and were planning to do next. They were more intent on reporting their performances in research than in debating their theories and hypotheses." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Simple-minded questions and twirling stools.

This reply to Ullman includes the following points: (a) The 2 variables he implicates as spuriously producing the relationships found between the social atmosphere and effectiveness of hospitals, namely, percentage of personnel responding and percentage of psychiatric beds, yield relationships with the criteria which are either O or opposite in sign from what he supposes. When these are allowed for, the relationships we posit increase. (b) Hospital size and staff/patient ratio undoubtedly bear on effectiveness, but do so through their effects on staff attitude. (c) Ullman is mistaken in his belief that psychiatrists' means on Opinions about Mental Illness Scale (OMI) authoritarianism and social restrictiveness are unrelated to hospital effectiveness. In fact, psychiatrists' means are more highly correlated (-.38 to -.66) than are those of representative staff samples (-.35 to -.44). These additional analyses strengthen the conclusion Ullman questions: "Authoritarian-restrictive hospital atmospheres are bad for patients." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Supervisory and administrative clinical psychologists in U. S. psychiatric hospitals.

An analysis of job titles, salary ranges, education and experience requirements, working hours, etc., of clinical psychology positions requiring supervisory and/or administrative duties. It was concluded that the APA "could assist in standardization of titles and duties, equalization of salaries, and the definition of proper training for such roles." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological Testing Policies in Seventeen Midwestern State Hospitals.

In an attempt to explore policies on psychological testing functions in state hospitals, a questionnaire was sent to 24 state hospital psychology departments in five northern Midwest states. This brief comment summarizes the 17 replies and their potential implications. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

用于社区医院的无线心电监护系统设计

针对现有心电监护仪实时性差及难以实现集中监护等问题,提出一种用于社区医院的无线心电监护系统的设计方法。系统硬件选用高性能的ARM9（AdvancedRISCMachines）作为微处理器,蓝牙模块作为无线数据传输装置;软件选用WindowscE嵌入式操作系统。实验结果表明,系统能实现实时心电数据采集、压缩存储、异常心电分析、显示、报警以及数据无线传输等功能。具有功耗低、体积小、抗干扰能力强和操作简单等优点。     

Mobility Work: The Spatial Dimension of Collaboration at a Hospital

We posit the concept of Mobility Work to describe efforts of moving about people and things as part of accomplishing tasks. Mobility work can be seen as a spatial parallel to the concept of articulation work proposed by the sociologist Anselm Strauss. Articulation work describes efforts of coordination necessary in cooperative work, but focuses, we argue, mainly on the temporal aspects of cooperative work. As a supplement, the concept of mobility work focuses on the spatial aspects of cooperative work. Whereas actors seek to diminish the amount of articulation work needed in collaboration by constructing Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs), actors minimise mobility work by constructing Standard Operation Configurations (SOCs). We apply the concept of mobility work to the ethnography of hospital work, and argue that mobility arises because of the need to get access to people, places, knowledge and/or resources. To accomplish their work, actors have to make the right configuration of these four aspects emerge.     

乡镇卫生院规划设计浅析——以武进湟里镇卫生院为例

随着中国医疗体制的改革,乡镇医疗卫生问题逐渐受到重视,乡镇卫生院的规划建设无疑是问题的重点之一．本着以人为本的设计思想,该文重点探讨乡镇卫生院的规划与建筑设计.