咪唑封端扩链脲改性环氧树脂E-51/酸酐MTHPA体系性能研究

以端羟基聚环氧丙烷1000，甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI），2－甲基咪唑为原料，合成了扩链脲TI，利用DSC，动态热机械分析仪DMA，冲击试验机及扫描电镜（SEM）等手段对TI改性的环氧树脂E－51／甲基四氢化邻苯二甲酸酐（MTHPA）固化体系的反应活性，动态力学行为，冲击性能，断裂面形态结构进行了系统研究，结果表明，改性后的E－51／MTHPA体系反应活性明显提高，固化反应峰顶温度较未改性体系降低160℃－200℃，固化反应的表观活化能由未改性体系的160．3kJ/mol降至63kJ/mol-87kJ/mol，同时与未改性体系相比，经过改性的环氧树脂固化体系冲击强度有较大的提高，在TI含量为5％时体系的玻璃化转变温度Ts达到最高，各改性体系冲击断面呈韧性断裂。     

定向凝固Al/C复合材料研究

本文首次进行了Al/C(SiC)复合材料定向凝固,研究了复合材料定向凝固过程以及组织形态与凝固速率的关系,获得了纤维束间胞晶和不同间距的树枝晶,发现非润湿系统复合材料定向凝固后性能降低,文中对其机制进行了探讨.     

气体流量对多壁纳米碳管形貌和产率的影响

以CH4为碳源气，以H2为还原气，以纳米NiO-SiO2气凝胶为催化剂，探讨了气相化学沉积法制备多壁纳米碳管工艺过程中，气体流量对产物形貌和产率的影响。实验结果表明，CH4和H2流量保持为2：1，气体总量一定时可以经济地制备出长径比大，形态较好的纳米碳管，且产率较高。     

尼龙6/马来酸酐-苯乙烯多单体接枝聚丙烯反应共混物

用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯(PP)与尼龙6(PA6)的共混物．先用多组分熔融接枝的方法将马来酸杆（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）共同接枝于聚丙烯（PP）上，制得多单体接枝聚丙烯PP-g-(MAH-St），该接枝物具有较高的MAH接枝率。利用MFR、SEM、TEM和力学性能测试等分析方法，研究了多组分熔融接枝聚丙烯PP-g-(MAH-St)对PA6/PP共混物的形态结构和力学性能等的影响。结果表明，PP-g-(MAH-St)中的酸酐基团与PA6末端的氨基发生化学反应，原位形成的PP-PA6共聚物能有效地改善PA6与PP的相容性，可以使PP均匀地分散在PA6基体中，相区尺寸明显减小，可至0.1μm，并使共混物的力学性能得到均衡的提高，冲击韧性的提高尤其显著，达到了橡胶改性所难以达到的效果。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(siloxane-urethane)s

A series of polyurethane block copolymers based on hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and poly(propylene glycol) soft segments of molecular weights 1818 and 2000, respectively, were synthesized. The hard segments consisted of 4,4′-diphenylnethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender. Samples with different molar ratios were prepared. We tried to synthesize polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethanes (PDMS-PU) containing a hard block as major fraction and a soft block as minor fraction for preparing toughened rigid systems. After a study of the pure polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethane and poly(propylene glycol)-based polyurethane (PPG-PU), (mixed polyol)-based block copolymers and blends of PDMS-PU and PPG-PU were synthesized, and characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. In (mixed polyol)-based copolymers and lower hard-segment content blends, macro-phase separation occurred, but blends with higher hard-segment contents showed significant reduction in amounts of phase separation.     

组成、粘度比及加工条件对PB／CS共混物粘度和形态的影响

研究了组成、粘度比、转速和混合时间对聚丁烯／玉米浆共混物的粘度和形态的影响。结果表明，共混物的粘度均随转速的提高而增大。在高转速下，８０／２０共混物的粘度比其它组成的共混物的粘度增长迅速。在聚丁烯和玉米浆的界面观察到复合乳化结构。分散相液滴尺寸较小时，液滴尺寸的变化对共混物的粘度有很大的影响。     

模糊数学在电视机故障诊断中的应用

本文介绍了应用模糊数学方法进行计算机辅助诊断电视机的故障原因,这种方法有效性在于建立模型的因果关系正确性和自动搜索范围及速度。     

Morphological and kinetics study of PEO/PVC blends

The kinetics of spherulite radial growth and the morphology of the compatible system PEO/PVC have been studied by optical microscopy. The usual spherulite radial growth behaviour has been found for compatible blends with PEO content higher than 70%. For lower composition, distortion of the usual spherulite morphology has been observed; the anomalies have been attributed to partial miscibility of the components.     

HPVC／PP共混改性研究：Ⅲ低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂

采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，即化学交联体系来改善ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的相容性。考察了在不同共混比下，不同化学交联体系对共混物力学性能的影响，并观察了共混物的微观形态。结果表明，采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，共混物的拉伸强度提高，但冲击强度无改善。分散相尺寸减小，相间粘接得到改善。并比较了３种增容方法的效果，发现ＣＰＥ是ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的最佳相容剂。     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Acicular Lead Titanate Fine Powders

A pure, acicular lead titanate (PbTiO₃) fine powder with a white color has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. It is a new phase of PbTiO₃ with I 4 symmetry, cell parameters of a = 12.358 Å and b = 14.541 Å, and a density of 6.80 g.cm⁻³. The influences of pH (12.5 to 14.4), Pb/Ti ratio (1.0 to 1.6) in the feedstock, reaction temperature (130° to 230°C), time (0.25 to 4 h), starting materials, and additives on the formation of acicular PbTiO₃ under hydrothermal conditions have been investigated. The acicular PbTiO₃ with I 4 symmetry, referred to as the PX phase, can be converted to the perovskite-type (PE phase) of PbTiO₃ at about 605°C while its acicular morphology is essentially unchanged. The preferable conditions for preparing pure acicular PX-phase PbTiO₃ are that the pH is 13.0 to 14.0, Pb/Ti ratio is >1.3, reaction temperature is 170° to 200°C, time is 0.5 to 1.0 h, titanium butoxide (Ti[O(CH₂)₃CH₃]₄) is the starting material, and poly(vinyl alcohol) is an additive. The acicular grain of the PX phase is usually less than 100 nm in diameter and more than 1000 nm in length.