海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐产量确定新方法

针对目前蒸汽吞吐产量预测模型假设条件简单、普适性差等问题,一般采用测试法和类比法综合确定海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量。由于目前海上油田通常只开展常规测试,无法直接获得热采开发初期产量。笔者提出海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量确定新方法,建立蒸汽吞吐相对于常规开发的初期产量倍数预测模型,通过蒸汽吞吐产量倍数,将常规测试确定的产量转化为蒸汽吞吐产量。研究表明,蒸汽吞吐初期产量倍数主要受储集层渗透率、原油黏度、注入强度、蒸汽干度等因素影响,利用正交试验设计和多元回归等方法,建立海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量倍数与油藏地质参数及注入参数之间的非线性预测模型,该模型经实际生产数据验证,预测误差小于5%,可靠性高,能够为海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量的确定提供依据。     

测井二次解释模型在储量套改中的应用

中国各油区储量套改一般采用岩心分析资料刻度测井资料的思路来建立二次解释模型，即应用数理统计的方法，建立测井和岩心分析资料之间的关系，然后应用这些关系进行定量解释和计算机处理。着重讨论了应用岩心分析和测井资料建立二次解释模型中的主要技术问题，即单元和多元线性回归分析、测井曲线校正及资料标准化方法和深度归位。利用胜利油区陈家庄地区的80多口井岩心、试油和测井数据，计算了主要的储层参数，平均绝对误差均低于1．3％，解释吻合程度达到了89％。所建立的测井二次解释模型的解释精度可满足储量套改的要求。     

The effect of ionic cross-links on the deformation behavior of homoblends made of poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine)

Deformation behavior of stoichiometric blends made from poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) (SPS) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (SVP) was investigated by TEM observation of strained thin films. An FTIR investigation revealed that ionic cross-links were formed between the component polymers upon blending due to intermolecular ion-ion interactions, which arose from proton transfer from sulfonic acid groups to pyridine groups. TEM observations indicate that the deformation mode of the blends changed from crazing only to crazing plus shear deformation, with the shear contribution becoming larger, as the ion content in the blends increased. Such changes in deformation mode can be understood as arising from an increase in the ‘effective’ strand density due to the formation of ionic cross-links upon blending. It was also found that the ionic cross-links via pyridinium cation/sulfonate anion ion pairs were more effective in inducing the transition of deformation mode than ionic cross-links via -SO₃⁻/Na⁺ or -SO₃⁻/Ca²⁺ ion pairs.     

基于两层均匀媒质的GPEN SAR地下目标成像方法及其性能分析

地表穿透合成孔径雷达(Ground PENetration SAR,GPEN SAR)为了探测掩埋在地下的目标,通常工作在多层媒质的环境中。传统成像模型是建立在同一均匀媒质的假设上,不再适合于GPEN SAR的实际情况。本文首先建立了两层分区均匀媒质中的成像模型,然后利用后向投影(BP)算法定量分析了成像几何参数、土壤参数等对成像的影响,进而提出了一种修正的后向投影(MBP)算法。MBP算法不仅能够校正两层分区均匀媒质对成像定位的影响,还能估计目标的掩埋深度,提供目标三维位置坐标。仿真结果验证了MBP算法在不同信噪比环境下,对多目标的三维定位精度能满足实际的需要。     

包装技术高级技能人才培养探讨

在讨论包装技术高级技能人才概念的基础上,从培养的途径、培养的方式等方面进行了详细的分析与探讨.     

一种新型的多功能照相胶片影像质量评价方法

本设计了一种新型的多功能照相胶片感光性能和影像质量评价方法。这种方法的主要特点的快速、方便并有满足 实用要求的精确度。该方法仅使用一个测试标板，就可以很容易地测定出照相胶片的感光性能、分辨率、均方根粒度和密度振幅响应（DAR）值等多种表征影像质量的参数。本简要介绍该方法并给出试验结果及其与传统测试方法的比较和讨论意见。     

新场气田致密低渗透气藏重复压裂工艺技术

新场气田蓬莱镇组气藏由于储层致密、渗流条件差，单井自然产能低，所以多数气井必须进行压裂改造才能投产，但由于受储层致密和其它多种因素的影响，压裂增产有效期较短，针对这种情况，进行了气井重复压裂工艺技术的理论计算和现场应用研究，初步形成了一套包括储层评估、重复压裂潜力井优选、重复压裂造缝机理研究、优化重复压裂施工及配套工艺和压后评估的气井重复压裂技术。现场试验表明，对具有潜力的压裂失效气井采取重复压裂措施，能取得较好的增产效果。气井重复压裂技术的形成和推广，将有效提高川西地区各气藏的开发水平，同时也为类似致密碎屑岩气藏的开发提供有益的指导和借鉴。     

CDMA系统的网络优化

CDMA技术已经成为下一代移动通信的主流技术，CDMA网络的建设也初具规模。移动网络的优化则是实际运营过程中的一个重要环节。文中试图反映CDMA网络优化的一般原理，阐述了CDMA网络优化时需要考虑的几个主要问题，介绍了优化时需要调整的一些关键参数。     

Capacity Efficiency and Restorability of Path Protection and Rerouting in WDM Networks Subject to Dual Failures

Resilient optical networks are predominately designed to protect against single failures of fiber links. But in larger networks, operators also see dual failures. As the capacity was planned for single failures, disconnections can occur by dual failures even if enough topological connectivity is provided. In our approach the design of the network minimizes the average loss caused by dual failures, while single failures are still fully survived. High dual failure restorability is the primary aim, capacity is optimized in a second step. For WDM networks with full wavelength conversion, we formulate mixed integer linear programming models for dedicated path protection, shared (backup) path protection, and path rerouting with and without stub-release. For larger problem instances in path rerouting, we propose two heuristics. Computational results indicate that the connectivity is of much more importance for high restorability values than the overall protection capacity. Shared protection has similar restorability levels as dedicated protection while the capacity is comparable to rerouting. Rerouting surpasses the protection mechanisms in restorability and comes close to 100% dual failure survivability. Compared to single failure planning, both shared path protection and rerouting need significantly more capacity in dual failure planning.     

重复压裂气井产能模拟研究

由于重复压裂气井原有裂缝的失效程度难以评价。导致重复压裂气井的产能预测常常有很大的误差。为此，根据重复压裂气井的压前产量和舍水率，拟合了原有裂缝的有效率，在考虑新裂缝和原有裂缝共同作用的情况下，建立了气、水两相平面二维的裂缝-油藏数学模型，通过对模型的数值求解，对重复压裂气井进行了产能评价。研究表明，在考虑新、老裂缝共同作用下的产能评价方法，能更为准确地预测重复压裂后的生产动态情况，对压裂时机的确定、压后经济效益的预测都具有重要的指导意义。