基于无线传感器网络的压电能量收集技术

随着物联网的发展,多节点的传感器供电成为关键问题,由于环境中普遍存在低频振动,采用了压电悬臂梁结构,建立压电悬臂梁结构的电学模型,并进行了ANSYS的仿真,仿真得到电压76 V,约等于模型的理论值,验证了模型的正确性。进而继续研究了压电悬臂梁几何尺寸对固有频率的影响,振子越长,质量块越长,频率越低。从而收集低频振动环境中的能量,为传感器供电装置提供了设计的理论依据。     

一种鲁棒性强的无线传感器网络位置隐私保护方案

传统无线传感器网络（WSNs）位置隐私保护方案难以解决安全性与网络能耗之间的均衡,为了提高网络隐私信息的安全性,提出一种鲁棒性强的无线传感器网络位置隐私保护方案.首先通过增加伪源节点和伪汇聚节点防止攻击者获得关键节点的位置信息;然后采用伪汇聚节点分组、概率丢弃冗余数据包降低网络资源消耗;最后在Matlab 2012平台下进行仿真对比实验.结果表明：该方案可以提高网络攻击事件检测率,降低网络时延,有效地保护源节点和汇聚节点的位置隐私.     

基于RSSI距离修正的WSNs定位算法

针对无线传感器网络(WSNs)易受外界因素影响,导致三边定位的锚圆不能相交的情况,提出了一种接收信号强度指示(RSSI)距离修正定位算法。通过对锚圆半径进行修正,形成3个锚圆相交的区域,然后用加权定位法对未知节点进行准确定位。仿真和实验结果表明:在6 m×10 m的区域范围内,该算法的平均定位误差为0.62 m,和其他定位方法相比,有更好的定位精度。     

基于细菌觅食优化算法的WSNs节点部署策略

为了提高传感器节点的有效覆盖率,提出了一种基于细菌觅食优化(BFO)算法的节点部署策略。以网络覆盖率为目标函数,在细菌觅食算法的趋向操作过程中,引入碰壁策略,对细菌初始位置进行优化,从而提高算法的收敛速度。算法中的每个细菌都代表一只传感器,多个细菌组成的一个菌落代表一种传感器的部署方案。算法以菌落为单位做复制操作和迁徙操作,按照菌落适应度值大小选出较为优越的部署方案。通过仿真实验,分析了参数对算法性能的影响,并与其他方法的优化结果进行比较,结果表明:该算法有效地提高了传感器节点覆盖率。     

基于移动锚节点与多级通信的三维传感器网络节点自定位算法研究

在基于移动锚节点的三维传感器网络节点自定位算法SNLSFA(Sensor Node Localization Scheme based on Flying Anchors)的基础上,提出了一种新的基于移动锚节点与多级通信的三维传感器网络节点自定位算法SNLSFAMC(Sensor Node Localization Scheme based on Flying Anchors and Multi-level Communication)。首先由移动锚节点提供3个或4个辅助定位点,再由辅助定位点得到两条非平行线段,然后过线段中点分别做垂直于线段的平面,经两平面相交后得到一条经过待定位节点的直线,最后利用辅助定位点与待定位节点之间的距离作为通信半径即可得到待定位节点的位置。仿真结果表明,与SNLSFA相比,在相同锚节点数量下,SNLSFAMC提高了定位精度,且在相同定位精度下,SNLSFAMC降低了对锚节点数量的需求,提高了算法的响应时间。     

基于分层模型的组合服务故障定位算法

在面向服务的架构中,服务之间的依赖关系具有单向性的特点。基于这种单向性依赖,提出了服务故障传播的分层模型并设计了服务的分层算法,将服务节点分层。根据分层模型设计了服务故障定位的监测探针和诊断部署,减少了监测探针的数目。在探针探测结果的基础上,提出了分层模型下基于贝叶斯网络的故障定位算法,该算法通过计算故障发生时服务的影响因子和可信度,快速定位故障。仿真结果验证了该算法可以较准确地定位组合服务中的故障,且保持较低的误报率。     

基于加权的无人机集群组网分簇算法

在无人机集群组网中,节点的高速移动会造成网络拓扑结构更新频繁,使网络管理变得更加复杂。分簇能够增大网络容量,实现空间资源的复用,是优化网络管理的有效手段之一。针对大规模、高速移动的环境进行了研究,提出了一种多参数加权分簇算法。该算法将最大速度相似度分簇算法中的分簇指标引入到加权分簇算法中,并且对链路保持率、节点度差、节点剩余能量进行改进,综合考虑这四种参数,通过加权组合的方式选举具有最大权重的网络节点作为簇头。仿真结果表明,该分簇算法不仅能够减少簇的数量和簇间切换率,提高分簇的稳定性,而且能够延长最小节点生存时间,改善网络的整体续航能力。     

基于改进自适应遗传算法的移动WSN覆盖方法

针对传统的WSN覆盖模型的弊端,尤其是如果一个传感器失效,K-覆盖模型需要至少k个传感器节点监测其范围内是否有目标需要覆盖,提出了一种基于改进自适应遗传算法的移动WSN覆盖方法,在能量资源有限的前提下,尽可能长时间的对指定的目标进行连续监测。该算法考虑到了移动传感器是可以连续和变速运动的,从而能够保证所有目标都在它们的覆盖范围内。仿真结果表明,在使用移动节点的情况下,与其他常用模型相比,改进方法的生存周期和数据包数量都有明显提高。     

Role of semiochemicals in mate location by parasitic sea louse,Lepeophtheirus salmonis

The role of olfaction and diffusible pheromones in mate location behavior of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, was assessed with Y-tube behavioral bioassays. The pheromone emitting animals were located in a chamber in one arm of a Y-tube arena, with artificial seawater flowing through both arms. Adult male sea lice displayed both activation and directional responses to seawater conditioned with preadult II virgin females, but were only activated by mated adult female conditioned water. Further, when males were given the choice of preadult II virgin females or mated adult females, a significant number of males chose the arm with the preadult II virgin females. Adult males showed activation responses when presented with water conditioned with adult males but were not attracted to them. When presented with adult males, preadult II virgin females showed only directional responses, but not activation responses. Preadult II virgin female conditioned water was extracted using solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocols pioneered for semiochemical isolation. Adult male sea lice showed significant directional responses to the preadult II virgin female SPE extract. Distillation under vacuum was performed on the extract to give a distillate comprising components with a molecular weight range and physical properties comparable to those of compounds utilized as volatile semiochemicals by terrestrial organisms and a residue comprising components with higher molecular weight range comparable to those utilized as involatile semiochemicals. Adult males were found to be both significantly activated and attracted to the distillate, but not to the residue. This research provides evidence that small, lipophilic organic molecules are used by sea lice as sex pheromone signals to locate a member of the opposite sex.     

Electroantennogram responses ofCampoletis sonorensis (hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) to chemicals in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Combined gas chromatography-electroantennogram (GC-EAG) recording ofCampoletis sonorensis (Cameron) responses to cotton plant volatile chemicals was performed.C. sonorensis antennal olfactory receptors respond differentially to green leaf, mono-, and sesquiterpene chemicals that have been identified previously in cotton. EAG depolarizations to green leaf chemicals were greater than to terpenes.