Discrete quadratic curvature energies

We present a family of discrete isometric bending models (IBMs) for triangulated surfaces in 3-space. These models are derived from an axiomatic treatment of discrete Laplace operators, using these operators to obtain linear models for discrete mean curvature from which bending energies are assembled. Under the assumption of isometric surface deformations we show that these energies are quadratic in surface positions. The corresponding linear energy gradients and constant energy Hessians constitute an efficient model for computing bending forces and their derivatives, enabling fast time-integration of cloth dynamics with a two- to three-fold net speedup over existing nonlinear methods, and near-interactive rates for Willmore smoothing of large meshes.     

Analysis of low load transients for the Vandellòs-II NPP: Application to operation and control support

The Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) has been jointly working with the Asociación Nuclear Ascó-Vandellòs (ANAV) for a number of years in order to establish, qualify and use best estimate (BE) models for the reactors under the control of ANAV. ANAV is the consortium that is responsible for operation of the Ascó and Vandellòs-II reactors. The reactors are Westinghouse-design three-loop PWRs with an approximate electrical power of 1000 MW. The existing integral plant models for each plant are currently used for many different purposes among which are support of plant operation and control. Quite a number of studies have been done in order to improve both safety and plant competitiveness. Most of these dynamic analyses were carried out in relation to transients starting at nominal full power or at least, very close to full power. This paper develops a specific use of the Vandellòs-II plant model for operation and control support at low power involving new ranges of system actuation parameters. It also examines scenarios that are somewhat different from those typically analysed. The study starts showing the results of an assessment case, which is a start-up test and provides some additional qualification, and subsequently attempts to establish calculations to support both an improvement in feed water controls and to set up operating recommendations for low-load manual operation of feed water turbo-pump. Both results hopefully, will produce an outcome, which leads to an improvement in safety and reduces reactor trip probability.     

浅谈原油顺序输送过程中混油量的计算

针对原油顺序输送工艺的特点,分析了原油顺序输送产生混油量的原因,给出了混油量计算公式。指出混油的形成与输送距离、油品种类、输量、停输时间、地形等有关。举例对东黄复线顺序输送所产生的混油量进行分析计算,给出了顺序输送过程中减少混油量的措施。     

基于Modbus协议的外输计量监控系统的设计与实现

原油的外输计量系统没有配套的上位机系统,其操作存在一定的缺陷。针对这种情况,在详细介绍了Modbus协议和CRC校验的基础上,提出了基于Visual Basic环境下与流量计算机通信的系统设计方案,在该设计中实现了基于Modbus协议的串口通信以及CRC校验。实际验证,该系统能够有效地解决原有问题。     

LD-LF-CC生产45^#质量研究与实践

莱钢采用LD-LF-CC（方坯连铸）生产45^#钢铸坯质量存在较多问题,主要是表面气孔数量多、轧材顶锻裂纹等。从对顶锻裂纹缺陷进行金相分析、扫描电镜分析出发,研究45^#钢铸坯表面气孔形成的原因;生产实践中,通过采取控制钢中气体含量的措施,使45^#钢铸坯质量得到全面改善。     

基于面积流测量原理的一种新型流量测量装置

流量测量装置在自动化系统中应用非常广泛,在热力发电厂中流体的流量直接反映负荷高低、工作状况和运行效率。基于不同测量原理的装置其应用场合也不尽一样,在风量控制领域近几年也出现了十几种形式各异的产品,各种产品都有其自身的优缺点。分析了各种装置的原理及优缺点,重点介绍了一种新型的基于面积流测量原理的测量装置。     

深水航道工程对长江口流场的影响

该文建立了一个长江口二维流场数值模型,分别对深水航道工程实施前后长江口流场进行计算,计算结果显示深水航道工程对长江口影响区域主要集中在北槽及工程施工地点附近,而对距离较远的测站影响小。通过对各测站水位、流速和断面潮量变化的分析,表明工程对长江口水位的影响较小而对流速和南北槽进口断面潮量的影响较大。     

燃气不换向蓄热式熔铝炉

蓄热式熔铝炉是一项先进节能技术，但至今在铝行业普及率不高，主要是一次性投资较大，维修费用较高。新近开发的燃气不换向蓄热式烧嘴，设备投资少、系统简化、设备故障少，使用安全可靠。     

灯泡贯流泵装置的基本流态分析

为了回答灯泡贯流泵装置中的灯泡体究竟应该前置还是应该后置的问题,应用水泵装置三维湍流数值模拟的方法分别研究了南水北调东线工程某泵站前置灯泡和后置灯泡贯流泵装置两个不同方案的流态,揭示了前置灯泡和后置灯泡贯流泵装置的基本流动属性;数值模拟的结果得到流道模型试验的验证。研究结果表明:前置灯泡贯流泵装置的进、出水流态均匀平顺,水力损失较小;后置灯泡贯流泵装置的进水流态均匀平顺,但出水流道内存在明显的偏流和旋涡流动,水力损失较大;灯泡体前置符合水力学的基本原理,是获得最佳灯泡贯流泵装置水力性能的必要条件之一。     

喷嘴结构对高压射流特性影响研究

自20世纪70年代以来,高压水射流技术已在各工业领域逐渐得到了广泛应用,但迄今仍未能大规模采用,原因是还存在一些有待解决的问题,其中最为迫切的就是如何提高喷嘴射流效率、充分利用其能量的问题。喷嘴是水射流技术应用中获得高能量利用率的关键因素之一,其结构好坏直接影响射流质量。为充分发挥喷嘴最大效率,最大限度地利用水力能量,国内外有关专家从理论分析、数值计算和实验研究3个方面对喷嘴结构与高压射流特性的关系进行了研究分析,结果表明喷嘴结构对射流流动特性、冲蚀性能、空化现象等产生重要影响,指出提高喷嘴效率应当着眼于以下几个方面:加强基础研究;改变射流作用方式、将连续射流调制成脉动射流;充分利用空化空泡破裂压力,研制开发优质喷嘴,以期对拓宽水射流技术在工业中的应用有所帮助。