中国首创五大新兴智能基础学科的交叉应用与展望

可拓学、灰色系统、界壳论、集对分析和消错学这五大新兴智能基础学科都是我国首创的理论。本文首先简单介绍了五大学科，随后给出了五大学科的关系矩阵并讨论了其交叉应用的发展概况，最后对其交叉所产生的空白领域追行了初步的探讨，然后对其未来发展进行了展望。     

Modelling and analysis of 3-D arrangements of particles by point processes with examples of application to biological data obtained by confocal scanning light microscopy

Within the concept of point processes, a review is presented of quantities which can be used in studies of three-dimensional (3-D) aggregates of particles. Suitable characteristics and estimators are given for both unmarked and marked point processes. To demonstrate the feasibility of such quantitative approaches, an application in histology, dealing with 3-D arrangements of cell nuclei in rat liver, is described. Using a confocal scanning light microscope, 3-D images are recorded and image analysis used to obtain the coordinates of the centroid, together with the volume and DNA content, of each cell nucleus. Examples of results are given, using both unmarked and marked point processes. In the latter case, cell type, nuclear volume and ploidy group are suitable marks.     

HiSQL: A Front-end Query System for Historical Relational Databases

The paper describes a prototype system called HiSQL (Historical SQL) which extends the functionality of SQL in manipulating historical data, by providing functions for spatial and temporal processing. Conceptually the paper is divided into three parts: the first part deals with the design and architecture of the system; the second part introduces a case study (the defters); and the third part describes specific functions for spatial and temporal processing of serial documents. The paper concludes with a comparison between HiSQL and SQL and suggestions for further work. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

HIS变换用于数字化航空片影象同多光谱影象的复合

本文探讨ＨＩＳ变换对数字化航空片影象与ｌａｎｄｓａｔ ＴＭ多光谱影象进行复合的方法，并在此基础上提出一种改进的方法。试验结果表明本文提出的方法是一种非常行之有效的方法。复合后的影象不仅保留了ＴＭ影像的光谱特征，而且将其空间分解力由３０ｍ提高到１０ｍ，清晰度也提高了。因而复合后的影像能提高分类精度，制作专题图的精度、多时相监测能力和解译水平等。     

A Refinement Calculus for Shared-Variable Parallel and Distributed Programming

Parallel computers have not yet had the expected impact on mainstream computing. Parallelism adds a level of complexity to the programming task that makes it very error-prone. Moreover, a large variety of very different parallel architectures exists. Porting an implementation from one machine to another may require substantial changes. This paper addresses some of these problems by developing a formal basis for the design of parallel programs in the form of a refinement calculus. The calculus allows the stepwise formal derivation of an abstract, low-level implementation from a trusted, high-level specification. The calculus thus helps structuring and documenting the development process. Portability is increased, because the introduction of a machine-dependent feature can be located in the refinement tree. Development efforts above this point in the tree are independent of that feature and are thus reusable. Moreover, the discovery of new, possibly more efficient solutions is facilitated. Last but not least, programs are correct by construction, which obviates the need for difficult debugging. Our programming/specification notation supports fair parallelism, shared-variable and message-passing concurrency, local variables and channels. The calculus rests on a compositional trace semantics that treats shared-variable and message-passing concurrency uniformly. The refinement relation combines a context-sensitive notion of trace inclusion and assumption-commitment reasoning to achieve compositionality. The calculus straddles both concurrency paradigms, that is, a shared-variable program can be refined into a distributed, message-passing program and vice versa. Received July 2001 / Accepted in revised form May 2002     

模糊Petri网及知识表示

在建造专家系统中虽然有很多种知识表示方法，但都有不尽人意的地方，本文试图用一种新的方法－Ｐｅｔｒｉ网模型来表示知识。本文给出了Ｆｕｚｚｚｙ Ｐｅｔｒｉ网和广义Ｆｕｚｚｙ Ｐｅｔｒｉ网两种模型，并给出了相应的推理算法，一旦专家知识用Ｐｅｔｒｉ网表示后，根据Ｐｅｔｒｉ网固有的特性，我们就能处理专家系统中并行推理、无回溯推理，反向推理等问题。     

Investigating the Social Dimensions of Transport Disadvantage II: From Concepts to Methods through an Empirical Case Study

This article is the second of two papers that review the field of spatially sensitive social scientific research into the links between social status and transport disadvantage. The first paper undertook a comprehensive review of the social scientific and transport planning literature to mark the level of development in the field and identify conceptual and methodological issues and constraints in this field of inquiry. The present article supports the advancement of socially and geographically sensitive transport research by opportunities for the development of more sophisticated spatial analytical methodologies. The approach we present is able to account for factors not previously addressed in either social or transport planning research, in particular the temporal dimensions of transport service accessibility. The article articulates the methodology through an empirical case study of socio-spatial transport disadvantage within the Gold Coast City. The article demonstrates that there are important theoretical and practical lessons to be gained for researchers and policy makers in addressing the social dimensions of transport and infrastructure provision. Further, the article argues that an attentiveness to new ways of combining and representing social and transport data-sets can promote policy relevant empirical social inquiry. The article also contributes in a productive way to the empirical knowledge of Australia's sixth-largest metropolitan area, which is often overlooked by urban scholars.     

降雨空间分布模式识别

以广东省内186个站点的年降雨量分布为基础，把模式识别的聚类分析理论方法引入降雨空间特征分类研究中，进行降雨特征空间分布模式识别，以预测无雨量站点的降雨模式，从而分析水资源的空间分布模式，以便制订有效的水资源利用方案。结果表明，广东省年降雨量在空间上的分布可划分为6类模式；同时基于BP人工神经网络算法，建立了以高程、气温、蒸发量为主要参数的可判别和预测无雨量测站区域的降雨空间分布模式所属类别的模型，经过模型的学习和验证，效果较好。     

The problem of definition expansion and contraction

This article is the fourth of a series of articles discussing various open research problems in automated reasoning. The problem proposed for research focuses on finding criteria that would enable an automated reasoning program to expand or contract definitions wisely. For evaluating a proposed solution to this research problem, we include suggestions concerning possible test problems.This work was supported by the Applied Mathematical Sciences subprogram of the Office of Energy Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract W-31-109-Eng-38.