Strength of Metals at High Strain Rates

Results of metal testing in impact tension–compression and indentation are analyzed. As the analysis of these data demonstrates, the strength of metals increases greatly with strain rates and at moderate indentation rates. At high indentation rates, a decrease in the specific energy (per unit volume of a displaced material) necessary for the formation of a conical cavity was observed. The account of the effects of viscosity, temperature increase upon plastic deformation and its localization can be used to explain the above phenomena.     

无粘结预应力蛋形消化池的施工技术

石家庄市桥东污水处理厂有6座11500m3无粘结预应力混凝土蛋形消化池,本文介绍其非预应力钢筋、模板体系、混凝土和预应力工程等结构施工成套技术。     

三种套管接头抗压缩性能研究

针对套管接头抗压缩强度问题，使用全尺寸实物试验的方法对几种不同钢级、不同螺纹形式的套管接头的抗压缩强度进行了对比试验，并借助材料力学和有限元方法对试验结果进行了分析。实物试验中出现了管体失稳和接箍跳扣两种套管接头压缩失效形式。试验结果和分析结果表明，N80、P110钢级材料的压缩屈服强度高于拉伸屈服强度；偏梯形螺纹套管接头的压缩屈服强度比同钢级、同壁厚特殊扣螺纹套管接头低6.7%～7.7%；上扣是否到位，直接影响套管接头部分的抗压缩能力，上扣不到位的特殊螺纹套管接头的抗压缩性能甚至低于偏梯形螺纹接头。同时指出，为了保证上扣质量，不应使用浮动上扣方法，管柱设计中应进行抗压缩强度设计。     

Drainage and imbibition relative permeabilities at near miscible conditions

The changes in gas and oil relative permeabilities as miscibility is approached are of particular importance in multi-contact miscible displacements. These changes are a function of the detailed phase behaviour of the fluids and their physical properties as well as the properties of the porous medium itself.In this work, we investigate the behaviour of two-phase drainage and imbibition relative permeability curves of four, different, equilibrated fluid pairs from a three component, two-phase system (cyclohexene, isopropyl alcohol and water) that exhibits a critical point at ambient conditions. The tie-lines of these fluid pairs are at varying distances from the system's critical point. Equilibrium phase compositions and interfacial tensions (IFT) were determined for each of the four fluid pairs. Dynamic displacements were then performed in a linear two dimensional, bead-pack. Unsteady state, drainage and imbibition relative permeabilities were determined for the various pre-equilibrated mixtures. The experimental results show a clear change in relative permeability as the fluid pairs approach the critical point. As the interfacial tension decreases the non-wetting phase relative permeability increases more rapidly than the wetting phase relative permeability and hysteresis becomes less important.Two correlations [Coats, K.H., 1980. An equation of state compositional model: SPE J, 20 (5): 363-376.; Whitson, C.H., and Fevang, Ø., 1997. Generalized pseudo pressure well treatment in reservoir simulation. In Proc., IBC Conference on Optimization of Gas Condensate Fields.], commonly used to model the changes in relative permeability with interfacial tension, and the development of miscibility, were compared with the experimental data. The Coats correlation, which uses a single adjustable parameter to model the changes in both relative permeabilities and residual oil saturation as a direct function of the IFT, yielded an unacceptable match to the experimentally determined fractional flow. However the Whitson–Fevang correlation, which relates the changes in relative permeability to the capillary number using two adjustable weighting functions, presents a satisfactory match.     

大截面导线一牵二张力架线的要点及措施

利用现有的牵张设备和工器具，在三峡至广东500kV直流输电线路工程中，分两次一牵二张力展放大截面导线（ACSR-720／50）。这种施工工艺，在紧线及附件安装过程中采取的不同于以往的措施，起到了很好的效果，既安全可靠，又节约一次性投资。     

磁场对水的表面张力影响的实验研究

水经磁场处理后,某些物理化学性质会发生变化。由于水对环境条件的影响极为敏感,准确地实验测定这些变化碰到了不少难以克服的困难。因此,文献上所报道的数据一致性较差。本工作采用比较法,对二次蒸馏水经过不同磁场强度处理后,其表面张力的变化进行了初步的实验研究和讨论。     

非反应性共聚物增容剂的作用

简述了共聚物增容剂在聚合物熔融共混物中的作用方面的研究进展。阐述了A-B、A-C和D-E型非反应性共聚物增容剂。重点介绍了增容剂的分子量、用量对聚合物共混物的界面张力、相畴尺寸和聚结的影响。     

SURFACE TENSION AND BUOYANCY DRIVEN INSTABILITIES IN A LAYER OF LIQUID TIN HEATED FROM BELOW

The linear theory of Pearson (1958) and Nield (1964) is modified here to study liquid tin and include the finite thermal resistances of the bounding layers of boron nitride, copper and air (∼10^-2 torr) in the experiments of Ginde et al. (1989). The magnitude of the ΔT_c across the layer of liquid tin required for the onset of convection depends on the ratios of the thermal conductivities and thicknesses of the supporting layers of boron nitride and copper to those of the tin.

According to our theory surface tension contributes more than buoyancy to the instability observed experimentally. The critical ΔT_c observed required for the onset of convection in the layer of tin, is up to 25% lower than that predicted, which shows the layer is less stable than the theory indicates. Thus the surface of the tin was uncontaminated, or a significantly larger observed critical ΔT_c would be expected.

The boundary condition on the thermal fluctuations at the base of the supporting layer of copper does not appear to be important in these experiments. However, the thermal resistance of the boron nitride would have to be assumed to be unrealistically large to obtain agreement within experimental error with the theory.     

Interfacial tension between coexisting polymer solutions in mixed solvents and its correlation with bulk thermodynamics: phase equilibria (liquid/gas and liquid/liquid) for the system toluene/ethanol/PDMS

Vapor pressures, phase equilibria and interfacial tensions σ were measured for solutions of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS, M_w[equals]75 kg/mol and M_n[equals]50 kg/mol) in mixed solvents of toluene (TL) and ethanol (EtOH) at 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C. The experimental ternary phase diagrams can be modeled quantitatively from the determined concentration and temperature dependent binary interaction parameters χ_ij if the experimentally inaccessible composition dependence of χ_EtOH/PDMS is adjusted. The relations between σ and the equation of state of the system differ from that applying to single solvents. The exponents as well as the amplitude prefactors of the corresponding scaling laws (e.g. the dependencies of σ on the length of the tie lines or on the hump energy, i.e. on the intrusion into the two phase regime quantified in terms of Gibbs energies) change considerably with temperature. However, this variation can be reduced significantly by normalizing the independent variables. Dividing the length of the tie lines by the length for the corresponding binary subsystem proves more efficient than the distance of these tie lines from the critical point of the ternary system relative to the maximum distance of the binary subsystem. A combined normalization does not improve the situation.     

SJT-B助剂/表面活性剂/聚合物三元复合体系的黏度和界面张力研究

助剂SJT-B是10%的磷硅酸盐胶体溶液,含有Na^＋和K^＋、SiO3^2-和PO4^3-等离子,在活化状态下一部分SiO3^2-和PO4^3-生成具5个负电荷的聚磷硅酸根链状阴离子,后者可结合Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋而形成纳米磷硅酸盐胶态粒子,避免结垢并防止金属腐蚀。以助剂SJT-B代替NaOH,用大庆油田回注污水配制SJT-B/烷基苯磺酸盐/聚合物三元复合溶液,取SJT-B浓度为1.0-8.0 g/kg,石油磺酸盐浓度为0.5-4.0 g/kg,聚合物浓度为1.2 g/kg,按排列组合法得到25个实验配方。对照NaOH/石油磺酸盐/聚合物溶液组成为12/3.0/1.2 g/kg,初配黏度（45℃,7.34s^-1）27.3 mPa·s,界面张力（45℃）3.20×10^-3mN/m。初配各实验配方溶液黏度31.2-44.8 mPa·s,45℃老化30天后黏度降低率2.71%-36.97%;初始界面张力最低值1.13×10^-3mN/m,最高值4.34×10^-2mN/m,在界面活性图上,10^-3mN/m超低界面张力区出现在高SJT-B和烷基苯磺酸盐区,老化后该区扩大。筛选出的SJT-B/石油磺酸盐/聚合物体系组成为4.0/3.0/1.2 g/kg,其初始黏度为37.1 mPa·s,老化后黏度降低3.77%,初始界面张力1.79×10^-2mN/m。图2表3参8。