蚁群优化算法在求解随机组合优化问题中的应用综述*

不确定条件下的优化问题更贴近真实世界环境,因而日益受到广泛关注。综述了蚁群优化在求解一组不确定条件下的组合优化问题,即随机组合优化问题方面的应用。首先介绍了不确定条件下组合优化问题的概念分类模型,给出了随机组合优化问题的一般定义;然后指出了其与求解传统确定性组合优化问题的不同之处,即目标函数的计算存在不确定性,并详细论述了目前解决方法的进展;最后分析了该领域值得重点关注的几个研究方向,并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

适用于有源电力滤波器的锁相环倍频电路

在有源电力滤波器（APF）设计过程中,需要实时检测谐波指令电流,基于锁相环倍频原理设计了一种基于硬件锁相环的同步采样方法,即锁相环倍频电路,实验结果表明：该锁相环电路能实现实时跟踪,且稳定可靠。     

Asynchronous rotation scan for synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer

Synthetic aperture interferometric technique has wide applications in optics, radio astronomy and microwave remote sensing areas. With the increasing demands of high resolution imaging observation, a new time-sharing sampling scheme of asynchronous rotation scan is proposed to meet the technical challenge of achieving a large equivalent aperture and overcome the operating barriers of space borne application. This configuration is basically composed by two asynchronously and concentrically rotating antenna groups, whose revolving radii and speeds are different. The synthetic aperture system with asynchronous rotation scanning scheme can effectively solve the trade-off problem of system complexity, and greatly simplify the system hardware at the cost of sacrificing a certain time resolution. The basic rules and design methods of asynchronous rotation scan are investigated The Gridding method is introduced to inverse the spiral sampling data for image reconstruction. The potential applications of geostationary orbit (GEO) earth observation and solar polar orbit (SPO) plasma cloud observation are explored with numerical simulations to validate the significance and feasibility of this new imaging configuration. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40574070, 40671121, 40701100 and 40801136) and the National High-Tech Research Program of China (“863” Program) (Grant No. 2006AA12Z141)     

基于目标跟踪的粒子群粒子滤波算法研究

针对粒子滤波方法在重采样阶段容易造成样本有效性和多样性的损失,导致了样本贫化问题,提出了一种改进的粒子滤波算法.算法将粒子群优化思想引入粒子滤波中,在粒子采样过程前先利用粒子群算法进行优化.粒子群算法将最新观测值融合到粒子进化公式中,大部分粒子经过粒子群优化后,朝着后验概率分布比较密集的区域运动,聚集在最优粒子附近,使粒子的权值被提高,避免了在重新采样过程中被舍弃,进而缓解了样本被贫化问题.目标跟踪系统中的位置估计由于物体运动具有突然性,很难准确估计.采用非线性目标跟踪模型和分时恒定值模型分别研究改进粒子滤波算法对误差均方值的影响.仿真结果表明改进算法与常规粒子滤波算法和扩展卡曼滤波算法相比,更加有效地降低变量的误差均方值,从而提高了滤波性能.     

Gaussian sampling of lattices for cryptographic applications

Gaussian sampling is the major class of algorithms for solving the close vector problem(CVP)of lattices.In this paper we present a novel Gaussian sampling algorithm,which has the same cryptographic applications with original Gaussian sampling algorithms.Our novel Gaussian sampling algorithm has smaller deviations,meaning smaller space sizes of lattice based public-key ciphers.The shape of our novel algorithm is almost repeated implementations of original algorithm,with random repeating times.Major result is that the deviation can be reduced to 0.64～0.75 of that of original Gaussian sampling algorithm without clearly increasing the average time cost.     

机械电器产品检验抽样方法探讨

根据机电产品生产特点,对稳定生产状态下的生产条件进行细分,提出不同生产条件下的生产质量验收抽样方法。     

An Application of Silica‐Based Monolithic Membrane Emulsification Technique for Easy and Efficient Preparation of Uniformly Sized Polymer Particles

Summary: Uniformly sized polymer particles were prepared by an emulsification and polymerization technique utilizing a silica monolithic membrane, namely the “silica monolithic membrane emulsification technique”. In this paper, we utilized silica monolithic membrane as a device for the preparation of uniformly sized polymer particles. A mixture of monomers, diluents and oil‐soluble initiator was emulsified into a continuous medium through the silica monolithic membrane and polymerized. The particles obtained had a higher size uniformity than that of particles prepared by previously reported membrane emulsification techniques, such as the Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) emulsification technique. Through the silica monolithic membrane emulsification technique, we could prepare particles having availability as a possible packing material for solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

SEM photograph of silica particles prepared through capillary plate membrane.     

车间空气中氨浓度测定方法改进

用纳氏试剂分光光度法代替纳氏试剂目测比色法测定车间空气中氨浓度，并采用了单管直接抽取空气样品的方法，使操作简单。并对分析过程中的干扰因素进行了消除，经过作标准曲线、空白试验和计算方法检测限，证明此方法准确度较高。     

一种新的基于隐喻地图的RPA路径规划算法

智能化地制定机器人流程自动化(robotic process automation, RPA)执行路径有利于企业节约相关人力成本以及提高RPA的推广,提出基于改进深度双Q网络(double deep Q-learning algorithms, DDQN)算法进行RPA路径规划。首先针对存在RPA的作业环境即Web页面,不满足深度增强算法的探索条件的问题,借助隐喻地图的思想,通过构建虚拟环境来满足路径规划实验要求。同时为了提高DDQN算法探索效率,提出利用样本之间的位置信息的杰卡德系数,将其作为样本优先度结合基于排名的优先级(rank-based prioritization)构建新的采样方式。通过随机采用任务样本在虚拟环境上进行验证,证明其符合实验要求。进一步比较改进DDQN、深度Q网络(deep Q network, DQN)、DDQN、PPO以及SAC-Discrete算法的实验结果,结果显示改进算法的迭代次数更少、收敛速度更快以及回报值更高,验证了改进DDQN的有效性和可行性。     

基于AERF模型的油井结蜡预测

油井结蜡是一种在开发以及开采油田时对油井正常产出造成了负面影响的现象,该现象会引起油流通道堵塞,导致油井开采过程中出油量降低.对油井结蜡状况做出智能预警,完成油井设备提前修复,对油田提高产能效率、降低维护成本及智能化管理有非常关键的价值.为了解决油井正常数据和结蜡数据严重不平衡问题,本文引入了自适应合成抽样法(ADASYN)和最近邻规则欠抽样法(ENN)两种非均衡样本处理方法,分别对类别为结蜡的样本和非结蜡的样本进行处理,最终使用随机森林算法对新构成的数据集训练,构造出AERF智能模型来预测油井结蜡.实验结果表明,提出的AERF模型在油井的结蜡数据集中预测效果更佳,明显地提高了预测精度.