Effects of Tool Rotation Rates on Superplastic Deformation Behavior of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Zn-Y-Zr AlloyEI北大核心CSCD

Compared to conventional Mg-Al and Mg-Zn system magnesium alloys, the Mg-Zn-Y-Zr heat-resistant alloy exhibits high thermal stability due to the addition of Y earth element, which is an ideal candidate for producing high strain rate superplasticity (HSRS, strain rate >= 1 x 10(-2) s(-1)). Recently, the HSRS of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy was achieved by friction stir processing (FSP), because the FSP resulted in the generation of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains and fine and homogeneous second phase particles. However, the study on superplastic deformation mechanism of FSP Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy at various parameters is limited relatively. Therefore, at the present work, six millimeters thick as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y-Zr plates were subjected to FSP at relatively wide heat input range of rotation rates of 800 r/min to 1600 r/min with a constant traverse speed of 100 mm/min, obtaining FSP samples consisting of homogeneous, fine and equiaxed dynamically recrystallized grains and fine and uniform Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase (W-phase) particles. With increasing rotation rate, within the FSP samples the W-phase particles were broken up and dispersed significantly and the recrystallized grains were refined slightly, while the fraction ratio of the high angle grain boundaries (grain boundaries misorientation angle >= 15 degrees) was increased obviously. Increasing rotation rate resulted in an increase in both optimum strain rate and superplastic elongation. For the FSP sample obtained at 1600 r/min, a maximum elongation of 1200% was achieved at a high-strain rate of 1x10(-2) s(-1) and 450 degrees C. Grain boundary sliding was identified to be the primary deformation mechanism in the FSP samples at various rotation rates by superplastic data analyses and surfacial morphology observations. Furthermore, the increase in rotation rate accelerated superplastic deformation kinetics remarkably. For the FSP sample at 1600 r/min, superplastic deformation kinetics is in good agreement with the prediction by the superplastic constitutive equation for fine-grained magnesium alloys governed by grain boundary sliding mechanism.     

超高温Nb-Si基复合材料研究现状

主要论述了Nb-Si系原位复合材料的研究近况,主要总结通过合金化和制备工艺的改善,以期使室温断裂韧性、高温强度及抗氧化性能获得良好匹配,对进一步提出优化的制备和研究方案奠定了基础。     

电沉积纳米镍薄板的超塑微拉深性能

采用脉冲电沉积工艺制备了厚度为0．1mm的纳米镍薄板，在不同的温度和应变速率下对该薄板进行单向拉伸试验，确定了其超塑性变形的最佳工艺条件，在此基础上进行了纳米镍薄板的微拉深性能实验。实验结果表明：纳米镍薄板的微拉深性能随成形温度的升高而提高；在温度为723K、半球形拉深凸模直径为1mm、拉深速度为1～5mm／min的条件下，均可成功拉深出半球件。采用透射电镜和扫描电镜对拉深变形前的沉积态组织和拉深变形后的微观组织进行了观察比较，结果表明，微拉深后大部分镍晶粒长大到微米量级。根据实验结果，初步探讨了超塑微拉深的主要变形机制。     

Ni-Al系金属间化合物超塑性的研究进展

在一定组织形态和外界条件下,单相或多相的镍铝金属间化合物及其合金表现出超塑性变形行为,其中多相挤压态NiAl合金及单相NisAl合金的超塑性变形机制是晶界滑移(动态回复和再结晶协调变形);单相NiAl的超塑性变形则来自于变形过程中发生动态回复和再结晶;而定向凝固多相NiAl合金的超塑性则是在拉伸过程中动态再结晶与应变硬化平衡的结果.超塑性变形机制多样性源于镍铝金属间化合物晶体结构独特的物理性质.     

Superplastic Deformation Behavior of Hot-rolled AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet at Elevated Temperatures

1IntroductionAs a typical wrought magnesiumalloy,AZ31alloyhas a wide prospect for applications inthe fields of auto-mobiles,electronic appliances and aeronautic facili-ties[1,2].However,due to the hexagonal close-packed(HCP)structure of magnesium,the ductility of AZ31al-loy at roomtemperature is rather poor,which greatly re-stricts its applications in structural fields[3-5].Owing tothe activation of non-basal slip system[6],the ductility ofMg alloycan be significantlyimproved at elevatedtem…     

热处理对铸态Zn-5%Al合金的相变超塑性的影响

研究表明,铸态Zn-5%Al(质量分数,下同)共晶合金在20～350C热循环相变条件下进行拉伸时具有超塑性,当施加的初始外应力σ0低于1-4MPa时,铸态Zn-5%Al合金一次热循环过程中的应变增量εt与应力σ0成线性关系,符合Greenwood-Johnson的相变超塑性模型.热循环过程中,铸态Zn-5%Al合金产生的相变内应力变形主要通过α/β界面间的扩散来快速协调.未经淬火处理的铸态Zn-5?合金,共晶组织中的α相呈长条状,界面扩散协调效果较差,因而超塑性延伸率较低;而经过淬火处理以后,α相发生球化,其条状长度变短,而且淬火保温时间越长,α相的球化程度越高,在进行热循环相变拉伸时,对内应力塑性变形的扩散协调效果越好,因而更容易获得较大的应变速率和较高的断裂延伸率.     

T10A钢组织超细化预处理后的超塑性压缩试验

采用盐浴加热循环淬火和高频感应加热淬火对T10A钢进行组织超细化预处理，然后在恒温压缩变形条件下进行超塑性研究。试验表明，在710～770℃、初始应变速率10^-4～10^-3s^-1的变形条件下，该钢的σ-ε曲线具有明显的超塑流变特征，稳态流变应力仅40MPa左右，应变速率敏感性指数可达0．5，变形激活能为183～194kJ／mol，与α—Fe晶界自扩散激活能接近。高频淬火较循环淬火有更好的组织细化效果，因而高频淬火预处理后的超塑性流变特征更明显。本试验为该钢的超塑成形和超塑性固态焊接提供了工艺和理论分析依据。     

钛合金的氢处理技术及其对超塑性的影响

氢处理技术是通过氢的可逆合金化作用,对钛合金的微观组织、力学性能和加工性能进行调整的一种新兴热加工技术.钛合金中氢的加入可以增加钛合金中塑性相的体积分数,降低流动应力,提高超塑性性能,从而降低钛合金的超塑性变形对变形速率和变形温度的苛刻要求.利用氢处理与塑性变形相配合制备晶粒尺寸小于1μm的超细晶,使钛合金在更低的变形温度和更高变形速率下呈现出超塑性,是攻克钛合金扩大应用瓶颈的一条新途径.     

Ti75合金超塑压缩的力学行为及组织演变

采用压缩的方法对Ti75合金超塑变形时力学行为和组织演变进行了研究。结果表明,在800℃,5×10-4s-1以及850℃,1×10-1s-1的条件下,m值大于0.3,而900℃时,m值降低;在超塑变形初期由于动态再结晶和β相的扩散,实现板条组织的等轴化、细晶化、均匀化,使α晶粒得以进行滑动和转动,晶界运动成为主要变形机制;晶间β相对α晶粒的转动和滑动起着调节作用;而位错运动既是变形机制,又是晶界滑动的调节机制。     

Microstructure evolution and low temperature superplasticity of ZK40 magnesium alloy subjected to ECAP

Microstructure evolution and superplastic behaviors of ZK40 magnesium alloy were investigated in the temperature range of 473–623 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the microstructure changes. After the alloy had been processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for one pass through the die, significant twinning was found to have occurred, and the mean grain size was 5.6 μm. Finer grains were obtained after multi-pass ECAP, and the average grain size of the alloy ECAPed for three passes was as low as 0.8 μm; this alloy exhibited low temperature superplasticity at 473–523 K, and the elongations obtained at the initial strain rate of 1×10⁻³ s⁻¹ were 260% at 473 K and 612% at 523 K. Corresponding values for the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass were 124% at 473 K and 212% at 523 K. Poor superplastic behavior of the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass was related to the longrange stresses associated with the non-equilibrium grain boundaries within the coarse grains. The incompatibility between the fine grains and the coarse grains was thought to be unfavorable to the improvement of superplascity. This article is based on a presentation in “The 7th Korea-China Workshop on Advanced Materials” organized by the Korea-China Advanced Materials Cooperation Center and the China-Korea Advanced Materials Cooperation Center, held at Ramada Plaza Jeju Hotel, Jeju Island, Korea on August 24–27, 2003.