释放空间,成就空间大连国际会议中心设计

文章作者以大连国际会议中心的实践经历为视角,从建造背景、设计构思、参数化设计方法、结构设计、材料选择及细部处理等角度阐述了对设计的思考.     

参数化设计方法应用于城市色彩主色调设计的可行性探讨

参数化设计是一种在参数条件控制下利用计算机生成设计结果的设计方法。它能够通过对参数的调整直接影响设计结果。能够保证设计方案的逻辑性和真实性,同时提高设计效率。城市主色调对城市色彩景观的总体控制十分重要,对其设计不仅要结合城市结构同时要考虑城市意象特征,以协调统一为前提,结合城市历史文脉,以形成整体和谐局部丰富空间上具有节奏变化的城市色彩景观效果。结合两者的特点,论文讨论了参数化设计方法应用于城市色彩设计的适用性和可行性。并进一步探讨了参数化设计方法应用于城市色彩设计的方法构建。     

Performance of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubes under pure torsion

In practice, concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) are often subjected to torsion. To date, such a problem however has not been addressed satisfactorily by design codes. The present study is thus an attempt to study the torsional behaviours of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubes. ABAQUS software is used in this paper for the finite element analysis (FEA) of CFST subjected to pure torsion. A comparison of results calculated using this modelling shows good agreement with test results. The FEA modelling was used to investigate the influence of important parameters that determine the ultimate torsional strength of the composite sections. The parametric studies provide information for the development of formulae to calculate the ultimate torsional strength, as well as the torsional moment versus torsional strain curves of the composite sections.     

6-DOF主动波浪补偿液压平台的结构优化分析

开展6-DOF船用主动波浪补偿液压平台结构优化设计,旨在提升波浪补偿液压平台承载和空间补偿能力,减小补偿平台体积和质量。依据海浪运行形态给定六自由度船用波浪补偿液压平台所需的补偿参数指标,利用虚拟样机技术,在ADAMS软件仿真环境中建立该平台的参数化模型;以其最大负载为优化目标,对该参数化模型的结构尺寸进行优化,得到该平台结构尺寸的优化结果。结果表明：优化后,六自由度船用波浪补偿液压平台的负载能力较最初增加了约15%,支腿液压缸的行程减小了约13%,平台负载能力提升且结构更加紧凑合理。为检验此次对平台结构尺寸优化的有效性,利用SolidWorks软件建模,并导入ADAMS软件中仿真,检验了模型的补偿能力。     

Parametric analyses of evapotranspiration landfill covers in humid regions

Natural soils are more durable than almost all man-made materials. Evapotranspiration （ET） covers use vegetated soil layers to store water until it is either evaporated from the soil surface or transpired through vegetation. ETcovers rely on the water storage capacity of soil layer, rather than low permeability materials, to minimize percolation. While the use of ET covers in landfills increased over the last decade, they were mainly used in arid or semi-arid regions. At present, the use of ET covers has not been thoroughly investigated in humid areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of ETcovers in humid areas where there is an annual precipitation of more than 800 mm. Numerical analyses were carried out to investigate the influences of cover thickness, soil type, vegetation level and distribution of precipitation on performance of ET covers. Performance and applicability of capillary barriers and a new-type cover were analyzed. The results show that percolation decreases with an increasing cover thickness and an increasing vegetation level, but the increasing trend becomes unclear when certain thickness or LAI （leaf area index） is reached. Cover soil with a large capability of water storage is recommended to minimize percolation. ET covers are significantly influenced by distribution of precipitation and are more effective in areas where rainy season coincides with hot season. Capillary barriers are more efficient than monolithic covers. The new cover is better than the monolithic cover in performance and the final percolation is only 0.5% of the annual precipitation.     

Structural form-finding of bending components in buildings by using parametric tools and principal stress lines

This paper aims to provide an efficient and straightforward structural form-finding method for designers to extrapolate component forms during the conceptual stage. The core idea is to optimize the classical method of structural form-finding based on principal stress lines by using parametric tools. The traditional operating process of this method relies excessively on the designer's engineering experience and lacks precision. Meanwhile, the current optimization work for this method is overly complicated for architects, and limitations in component type and final result exist. Therefore, to facilitate an architect's conceptual work, the optimization metrics of the method in this paper are set as simplicity, practicality, freedom, and rapid feedback. For that reason, this paper optimizes the method from three aspects: modeling strategy for continuum structures, classification processing of data by using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm, and topological form-finding process based on stress lines. Eventually, it allows architects to create structural texture with formal aesthetics and modify it in real time on the basis of structural analysis results. This paper also explores a comprehensive application strategy with internal force analysis diagramming to form-finding. The finite element analysis tool Karamba3D verifies the structural performance of the form-finding method. The performance is compared with that of the conventional form, and the comparison results show the practicality and potential of the strategy in this paper.     

Fractional frequency domain identification of NaCl–glucose solutions at physiological levels

Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to characterize different biological materials. This article exposes a methodology oriented to estimate glucose levels of a solution based on a rational fractional parametric model of the impedance data. The methodology is applied over saline–glucose solutions at five physiological glucose levels, using three sensors and five repetitions for each glucose concentration and employed sensor. The results suggest that changes in the glucose concentration produce significant changes in the impedance that should be reflected in the parametric model. The modeling procedure shows that the poles and zeros of an integer model presents a degree of correlation. However, the correlation is clearly explicit employing fractional models where the mean location of the complex zeros is highly related to the glucose content in the sample.     

The Power Function,of the Exact Test for the 2 × 3 Contingency Table

In continuation of the authors' tables of significance tests (1963), the power function of this exact test for the 2 × 3 contingency table using the Freeman & Halton principle is derived and evaluated numerically in the form of contours of constant power for the cases: A = 5(5) 15, where A is the total number in each of the three groups observed according to the numbers of ‘Successes’ (= a _i ) in each. Comparisons are also made with the exact significance points of the competing X ² and (?2 log λ) tests under the null hypothesis H ₀ and also alternatives to H ₀.     

八杆压力机的参数化设计研究

本文以八杆压力机传动机构为研究对象,通过分析八杆机构的几何模型,研究各参数间的数学关系表达式,建立各关键点的坐标表达式即可观察任意时刻各个点及杆件的位置变化,从而实现机构的运动仿真,提高了设计效率。