UPS逆变器数字控制技术

针对不间断电源(UPS)逆变控制技术数字化的趋势,论述了当前UPS逆变控制中存在的各种数字化智能控制技术。通过对智能控制理论数学建模的分析,阐述了它们的控制原理。最后,指出了UPS逆变数字化控制的发展方向。     

逆变焊接电源的离散建模与最少拍控制

逆变焊接电源所采用的全桥、半桥等功率变换电路可以等效为Buck变换器。在对Buck变换器离散建模的基础上,通过直接时域推导,建立了可用于逆变焊接电源闭环控制的最少拍控制律。所构建的控制算法充分考虑了模型参数与实际参数之间误差的影响。输出滤波电感的变化影响最少拍控制的稳定性和控制效果。稳定条件为模型所用最大电感值不超过实际电感值的1。67倍。结果表明,当模型电感值和实际电感值相等时,系统为最少拍控制。在模型参数和实际负载参数匹配时,系统实现了“没有稳态误差、不存在输出纹波、输出幅值受限”的最少拍控制。     

高性能感应电机电流控制方法分析与比较

简要地综述了高性能感应电机电流控制技术的最新进展。重点分析了以控制理论为基础的基于模型的方法，主要包括滞环电流控制、比例积分控制、有限拍控制。介绍了它们的基本工作原理，讨论了它们目前存在的不足之处以及针对这些问题近期的研究工作提出的解决办法。同时也对基于神经网络和模糊逻辑的智能控制策略进行了分析，它们为电流控制的发展开拓了新的思路。最后系统地比较了各种方法的控制性能并且初步探讨了该领域今后的发展趋势。     

Transient response improvement of feedback control systems using hybrid reference control

By means of the internal model principle, an approach to improve the performance of a stabilised closed-loop continuous time linear system based on manipulation of the reference signal is developed. A change in the reference signal is equivalent to implementing an instantaneous change via the choice of a decision vector in the state of the reference signal model, and the analysis of the proposed approach called hybrid reference control (HRC) system is then shown to be equivalent to the analysis of a linear impulsive dynamical system. Conditions for asymptotic stability and convergence of the output tracking error for a HRC system are expressed in term of conditions on the decision vectors. Conditions are then derived which guarantee that the HRC system leads to an improved transient performance compared to a conventional closed-loop control system. In particular, it is shown how decision vectors are chosen so that a HRC system results in a deadbeat response.     

Creating a nilpotent pencil via deadbeat

We consider the problem of finding a square low-rank correction (λC ? B)F to a given square pencil (λE ? A) such that the new pencil λ(E ? CF) ? (A ? BF) has all its generalised eigenvalues at the origin. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for this problem to have a solution and we also provide a constructive algorithm to compute F when such a solution exists. We show that this problem is related to the deadbeat control problem of a discrete-time linear system and that an (almost) equivalent formulation is to find a square embedding that has all its finite generalised eigenvalues at the origin.     

柔性多状态开关参数辨识无差拍控制

柔性多状态开关(SOP)作为一种多功能性的新型电力电子装置,既能够优化配电网中的潮流,又能够优化电压分布。文中先推导了SOP的数学模型,针对多端口SOP传统PI双环控制的PI参数较多,且整定比较困难的缺点,利用无差拍控制设计电流内环,从而减少PI控制器的数量,简化控制电路的设计。针对无差拍控制对滤波电感较为敏感,抗电感参数摄动能力差的缺点,加入参数辨识环节,对系统参数进行跟踪估计,提高无差拍控制的鲁棒性。然后就基于参数辨识的无差拍控制对各端口的U_dcQ、PQ以及U_acf控制模式进行算法实现。通过在MATLAB/Simulink中进行仿真实验,验证了所提控制算法的可行性。     

五桥臂电压源逆变器两永磁同步电机驱动的研究

以五桥臂电压源逆变器驱动两台三相永磁同步电机控制系统为研究对象,采用半周期调制策略实现两电机速度的独立控制。结合两电机的d、q轴数学模型,分别设计两电机的无差拍电流控制器。相比传统的PI控制器,无差拍控制器能将下一拍的输出值直接给定为控制量的参考值,从而缩短了系统动态过程的调节时间。仿真和实验结果验证了无差拍控制器的快速性和有效性。     

基于无差拍电流控制的MMC-HVDC系统控制策略研究

随着电平数的增加,基于dq0旋转坐标系MMC-HVDC的控制器运算量会非常大。为了提高运算速度,根据MMC换流器的等效电路设计了基于三相静止坐标系下的MMC-HVDC系统控制器。该控制器将无差拍电流控制与最近电平调制算法相结合,并对电流参考值的采样选取方法进行了改进,提高了控制器精度。该控制器不仅动态响应快,精度高,实现了解耦控制,而且减少了坐标转换与PI调节环节,降低了控制系统的运算量。通过在PSCAD/EMTDC下建立MMC-HVDC的仿真模型,仿真结果验证了控制器的有效性。     

Prediction-based Deadbeat Control for Grid-connected Inverter with L-filter and LCL-filter

Abstract—In this article, an improved deadbeat control algorithm suitable for digital signal processor-based circuit implementation is proposed. The control algorithm allows the derivation of a nearly sine wave output current with a fixed switching frequency of a current-controlled voltage source inverter. Two low-pass output filters configurations are considered in this study: a simple inductance filter and an LCL-filter. By taking advantage of prior knowledge of the state variables’ shape, the improved deadbeat control algorithm is based on a simple prediction model to derive the expected duty cycle needed to switch on and off the power switches. The control study of the grid-connected inverter with L and LCL output filters has been considered using a co-simulation approach with (Powersim Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA) and MATLAB software (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA). The obtained results show the improvement of both shape quality and tracking accuracy of the output current quantified by low ripple content and a nearly unity power factor.     

基于无差拍预测控制和扰动观测器的永磁同步电机电流控制

永磁同步电机(PMSM)转速或转矩驱动系统都要求具有良好的电流控制性能,因此对电流环的控制至关重要。为了提高电流的动态性能和鲁棒性,基于无差拍预测控制和扰动观测器提出了一种新的PMSM电流控制方法。利用预测控制动态性能好,易于数字实现等优点,基于无差拍原理设计了预测电流控制器,但该方法对电机模型及参数依赖较大。针对实际应用中由于建模误差及参数变化等产生的扰动,设计了一种简单的扰动观测器,并用于电流环的前馈补偿控制,有效地提高了系统的鲁棒性。基于d SPACE平台完成了试验验证。试验结果表明:所提出的电流控制方法能实现电流的快速跟踪控制,而且具有较强的鲁棒性。