利用Ca（NO3）2-P2O5乙醇溶液体系制备纳米羟基磷灰石

使用Ca（NO3）2-P2O5乙醇溶液体系制备纳米羟基磷灰石，研究了在该体系中水浴温度、煅烧温度、陈化时间等因素对粉体的相成分，粒度和结晶度的影响。结果表明：水浴温度低，合成的粉体粒度小（约20nm），颗粒均匀且具有良好的分散性，但是结晶度较低；陈化后导致粉体粒度变大，结晶度增加；随着煅烧温度的升高，粉体的结晶度增加，600℃时可以得到结晶高的单一的羟基磷灰石粉体。在800℃煅烧时，羟基磷灰石发生部分分解。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米MoCu复合粉体

以硝酸铜和二钼酸铵为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米MoCu复合粉体，研究了热处理工艺，溶液pH值，添加剂等对纳米粒子形貌及粒径的影响。结果表明，在600℃热处理的钼铜氧化物通过氢气还原之后可以得到粒径小于60nm的纳米MoCu复合粉体；溶液中添加剂的用量影响微粒的粒径，当添加剂用量K为0．5时，能得到尺寸较小，粒度均匀的纳米粉体；不同酸度条件下所得粉体的粒径各不相同，当pH值在1～4之间变化时粒径随pH值的增大而增大，pH值取1较合适。     

机械热化学法制备纳米W-Cu复合粉末及其烧结性能研究

WO3和CuO原料粉末经气流粉碎后,在H2气氛中进行共还原,制得了Cu含量为20%(wt%)的纳米W-Cu复合粉末;通过X射线衍射,透射电镜和扫描电镜等方法研究分析所制备W-Cu粉末的烧结行为和烧结体性能.结果表明:气流粉碎可以明显地降低WO3和CuO的粒度;通过对气流粉碎氧化物粉末进行共还原,可获得粒度为50～100nm的W-Cu复合粉末.该粉末烧结活性较高,其成形压坯在1200℃下于H2气氛中烧结后相对密度可达98%以上,且烧结体晶粒细小均匀.其抗弯强度和维氏硬度分别超过1000MPa和300MPa,电导率高于35%IACS.     

约束弧等离子体制备镍纳米粉体及磁学性质

采用约束弧等离子体方法成功制备出了高纯Ni纳米粉体，运用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）对样品的结构、形貌和磁学性质进行了表征。研究了工艺条件对电弧状态和粉体形貌的影响，实验结果表明，约束弧等离子方法能制备出纯净的Ni纳米粉体，并能有效控制粒子的粒径，粉体的比饱和磁化强度低于块体，矫顽力高于块体，饱和磁化强度和矫顽力均随着颗粒度的减小而降低。     

凹凸棒负载纳米TiO2的制备、表征及其光催化性能研究

TiO2光催化剂的固定化研究对其大规模工业化应用具有重要的实际意义.通过在TiO2溶胶中浸渍的方法,制备了天然粘土矿石凹凸棒负载的TiO2光催化剂.并采用TEM、XRD等分析手段对TiO2纳米管的形貌和晶相进行了表征.对比了负载后的光催化剂在制备方法、热处理温度、光催化剂的投加量及其模拟废水溶液不同时对其光催化剂性能的影响,并且验证了该光催化剂的可重复利用性.     

沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备纳米级氧化铬粉体的研究

本文利用沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备纳米级氧化铬,并采用热重/差示扫描法(TG-DTA)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等现代分析测试技术对样品性能进行表征.结果表明,用正丁醇共沸蒸馏能有效地防止干燥过程中颗粒间的硬团聚,获得分散性良好的粉体,其平均粒径约为50 m,形貌为球形.同时对该工艺防止硬团聚形成的机理进行了初步讨论.     

高能球磨制备Zr-V纳米粉末

将初始Zr粉和V粉按一定比例混合 ,用高能球磨设备制备Zr V纳米粉末 ,利用XRD和SEM及TEM研究研磨过程中粉末的物相及粒度变化。结果表明 ,粉末的晶粒尺寸随研磨时间的增加而减少 ,适当增加转速 ,可以缩短晶粒细化时间 ;通过高能球磨可以制备出粉末晶粒尺寸在 10nm左右 ,粉末颗粒尺寸在 6nm左右的Zr V混合粉末     

Transesterification of Canola Oil to Biodiesel Using CaO/Talc Nanopowder as a Mixed Oxide Catalyst

A series of heterogeneous catalysts including different molar ratios of CaO/talc was synthesized to study the transesterification reaction of canola oil and methanol under different reaction conditions. Characterization and kinetic results revealed that the activity of this catalyst was enhanced due to the increase of CaO/talc molar ratio value leading to an improvement in the biodiesel production. Moreover, the effect of various parameters on the activity of the undertaken catalysts was studied in order to determine the optimum process conditions. Leaching measurements and the durability of the CaO/talc catalyst under several reaction cycles were evaluated and proved it to be a stable catalyst.     

Cobalt oxide nanopowder synthesis using cellulose assisted combustion technique

Cobalt oxides nanopowders were prepared using novel cellulose assisted combustion synthesis and solution combustion synthesis techniques. The synthesis conditions were optimized to produce high surface area cobalt oxide nanopowders. Effect of precursors ratio on product properties (such as crystalline structure, nanoparticle size, surface area etc.) were studied and compared for the two methods. Thermodynamic calculations along with TGA/DTA studies were used to understand the synthesis mechanism leading to cobalt oxide formation. The synthesized nanopowders were characterized using various materials characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM and TEM.     

Structural and magnetic properties of strontium substituted NiZn ferrite nanopowders

Sr-substituted NiZn ferrite nanopowders, Ni_0.5-xZn_0.5Sr_xFe_2.0O₄ (0≤x≤0.20), were synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The effects of Sr substitution on the structural and magnetic properties have been investigated. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements were used to characterize chemical, structural and magnetic properties. The DTA-TG results indicate that there are three steps of combustion process. XRD results indicate that the lattice parameter increases, and the average crystallite size decreases with increasing Sr substitution. The Sr₂FeO₄ and SrFe₁₂O₁₉ impurity phases formed with excess Sr substitution. The saturation magnetization monotonically decreases with the increase of Sr substitution. Meanwhile, the coercivity initially decreases with the increase of Sr substitution when x≤0.15, and increases when x>0.15.