甘油二酯油对代谢综合征影响的研究进展北大核心CSCD

近年来,我国人群代谢综合征的发病率较高,国内外研究发现甘油二酯油可降低受试者的体质量,抑制餐后血脂及血糖的升高,或可有助于防控代谢综合征。为阐明甘油二酯油与代谢综合征的关系,综述了甘油二酯油对代谢综合征的影响,包括抑制餐后血脂升高,降脂减重,降低血糖、改善胰岛素敏感性,调控血压等,并对甘油二酯油的食用安全性进行了评价。甘油二酯油具有独特的代谢特征且安全性良好,是新兴膳食油脂。     

辣木叶总黄酮的提取及其降血糖作用

采用乙醇回流法从辣木叶中提取黄酮类化合物,经AB-8型大孔吸附树脂柱纯化获得辣木叶总黄酮（TFM）;以四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为动物模型,以中成药消渴丸为对照,进行TFM的降血糖动物试验研究。结果表明TFM能明显降低糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖,同时能提高血清SOD活力,降低血清MDA含量,但TFM对正常小鼠的血糖水平无影响。     

Effect of thermal processing on phenolics, antioxidant activity and health-relevant functionality of select grain sprouts and seedlings

The effect of thermal processing via autoclaving on modifications of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and functionality of wheat, buckwheat, corn and oats sprouts and seedlings were investigated. Functionality for type 2 diabetes related α-amylase, α-glucosidase inhibition and levo-dihydroxy phenylalanine (l-DOPA) content, hypertension related angiotensin converting enzyme 1 (ACE) inhibition and ulcer related Helicobacter pylori inhibition were evaluated using in vitro assays. Thermal processing in general resulted in tissue browning leading to higher total phenolic content and free radical scavenging-linked antioxidant activity. It increased α-amylase inhibitory activity in buckwheat and oats but decreased in wheat and corn sprouts and seedlings. It increased α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in wheat, buckwheat and oats but decreased in corn sprouts. It reduced the cognitive function/diabetes related l-DOPA content in all grains sprouts and seedlings tested. It increased ACE inhibitory activity in buckwheat and oats, but decreased in wheat and corn sprouts. It also improved the ulcer related H. pylori inhibitory activity in all grain sprouts and seedlings studied. These changes in functionality are suggested to be due to modifications in the total phenolic content and profile by phenolic oxidation or polymerization caused by thermal processing. Therefore, diet designs for chronic disease management will have to consider thermal processing-linked modification of bioactive ingredient profiles.

Industrial relevance

Thermal processing altered the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in winter wheat, buckwheat, corn and oats sprouts and seedlings. It modified the α-amylase inhibitory activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, l-DOPA content, ACE inhibitory activity and H. pylori inhibitory activity of samples. Therefore, the food processing industry and diet design for chronic disease management will have to consider thermal processing-linked modification of bioactive ingredient profiles for more effective health benefits.     

大果沙棘黄酮对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠血糖水平的影响

目的:研究大果沙棘黄酮对四氧嘧啶(ALX)诱导的糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平的影响。方法:用ALX制造糖尿病小鼠模型,大果沙棘总黄酮(BFH)及各流段黄酮BFHⅠ、BFHⅡ、BFHⅢ均分为对照组、模型组、低、中、高剂量组,每天一次性灌胃,连续灌胃4周。结果:与模型组相比,BFH及BFHⅠ、BFHⅡ、BFHⅢ均能显著地降低ALX诱导的糖尿病小鼠血糖水平和尿素氮(BUN)含量,提高胰岛素水平、肝(肌)糖元含量,同时也可提高糖尿病小鼠的麦芽糖酶水平。结论:大果沙棘总黄酮和纯化后的三个流份均能有效的控制糖尿病小鼠血糖水平,有望开发成安全有效的降糖产品。      

基于斑马鱼生物模型评价青钱柳的降糖作用

该研究以5 dpf斑马鱼为对象,系统研究了其对葡萄糖（GLU）和四氧嘧啶（ALX）耐受性的影响,研究了GLU与ALX联合建立糖尿病斑马鱼生物模型的可行性和有效性。以此为基础,研究了斑马鱼对青钱柳（CP）的耐受性并指导开展了CP的降糖作用评价。结果发现,以10 mg/mL GLU与3.60或7.20 μg/mL ALX联合诱导24 h,可显著增加斑马鱼GLU值,分别增加了51.52%（p<0.05）和68.32%（p<0.05）。经200、400和800 μg/mL阿卡波糖治疗处理后斑马鱼GLU值分别降低了27.28%、33.69%和38.75%,差异均显著（p<0.05）,表明以10 mg/mL GLU与3.60 μg/mL ALX联合孵育24 h可以有效建立糖尿病斑马鱼模型。另外,研究发现,400和800 μg/mL CP可以显著降低10 mg/mL GLU溶液诱导的斑马鱼GLU值,分别降低了37.59%（p<0.05）和38.57%（p<0.05）;200、400和800 μg/mL CP可以显著降低糖尿病斑马鱼GLU值,分别降低了27.43%、32.75%和29.20%,差异均显著（p<0.05）。结果表明,基于正常生理和病理生理的斑马鱼生物模型评价,CP具有明显的降糖效应,其在辅助降糖功能饮品开发上具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于CDMA和2.4G通信的无线远程血糖监护网络

目前,针对糖尿病的主要治疗方法为用血糖仪频繁测量患者体内的血糖含量,据此对患者的血糖代谢进行调节.借鉴无线传感器网络及体域网相关的技术与思想,利用CDMA蜂窝移动通信技术与2.4G射频通信技术设计了一个可用于监护个人及小区域内多人血糖情况的无线远程血糖监护网络系统.此血糖监护网络能够实现糖尿病的远程诊疗,拉近医患距离,减轻患者痛苦.重点介绍了血糖监护网络的网络架构,详细描述了网络节点CDMA和2.4G无线通信功能的设计与实现.     

Localized Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanowires and Fabrication of High Performance Nanosensors Based on a Single Fe2O3 Nanowire

A composed morphology of iron oxide microstructures covered with very thin nanowires (NWs) with diameter of 15–50 nm has been presented. By oxidizing metallic Fe microparticles at 255 °C for 12 and 24 h, dense iron oxide NW networks bridging prepatterned Au/Cr pads are obtained. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies reveal formation of α‐Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ on the surface and it is confirmed by detailed high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) investigations that NWs are single phase α‐Fe₂O₃ and some domains of single phase Fe₃O₄. Localized synthesis of such nano‐ and microparticles directly on sensor platform/structure at 255 °C for 24 h and reoxidation at 650 °C for 0.2–2 h, yield in highly performance and reliable detection of acetone vapor with fast response and recovery times. First nanosensors on a single α‐Fe₂O₃ nanowire are fabricated and studied showing excellent performances and an increase in acetone response by decrease of their diameter was developed. The facile technological approach enables this nanomaterial as candidate for a range of applications in the field of nanoelectronics such as nanosensors and biomedicine devices, especially for breath analysis in the treatment of diabetes patients.