空心纳微粒子的模板法制备技术及应用

结合空心纳微粒子的形成机理和结构可控性, 阐述了空心纳微粒子的硬模板法和软模板法两大制备技术, 重点综述了逐层自组装(LBL)法、表面化学反应与沉积法、微封装法等的研究进 展. 概述了空心纳微粒子的结构与性能的关系及其在材料科学、生物医学、催化剂等领域的应用现状及前景.     

粒级组配工艺制备高磁导率Ni-Cu-Zn铁氧体

介绍了一种采用物理方法降低Ni-Cu-Zn铁氧体材料烧结温度的工艺一粒级组配工艺。通过纳米粉体与微米粉体的合理匹配,使材料的致密化过程加速,有效地降低了材料的烧结温度,并使材料的初始磁导率保持较高值。当纳米粉体含量为10％时,Ni_0.13Cu_0.26Zn_0.64Fe_1.98O₄铁氧体的烧结温度为900℃,初始磁导率达764。     

纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子的制备及物性研究

利用滴定水解法制备了Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒,经XRD和漫反射吸收谱分析,Fe₃O₄晶粒粒径约为18nm,从紫外至近红外(200～3000nm)均有很强的光吸收。纳米Fe₃O₄有明显的负磁阻和湿敏效应,其阻抗随磁感应强度和湿度的增大而减小。     

微米、纳米颗粒国家标准测量装置的研究

研究的目标是建立一套可溯源至激光波长的微米、纳米颗粒国家标准测餐装置,它用扫描电子显微镜高倍数放大、对准和定位颗粒影像,采用纳米位移扫描工作台和激光干涉仪测量微米、纳米量级的标准颗粒直径,其测量标准不确定度可优于5 nm+5×10~(-3).通过文中测量认证的标准颗粒校准各类不同原理和测量范围的颗粒测量仪器,达到各型颗粒测量仪器的量值准确和统一,并溯源至激光光波波长.     

Effect of energy density, pH and temperature on de-aggregation in nano-particles/water suspensions in high shear mixer

The effect of energy input, pH and temperature on de-aggregation of hydrophilic silicon dioxide powder (particle size 12 nm) in a high shear mixer was investigated. It has been found that de-aggregation is a two step process. Initially, at low energy input very large aggregates (3-1000 μm) are gradually broken into smaller secondary aggregates (2-100 μm) of a single modal size distributions. As the energy input increases primary aggregates (0.03-1 μm) are eroded from the secondary aggregates leading to bimodal size distributions with the first mode between 0.03 μm and 1 μm corresponding to the primary aggregates and the second mode between 2 μm and 100 μm corresponding to the secondary aggregates. At a sufficiently high energy density all secondary aggregates are broken into primary aggregates however, even at the highest energy density employed the primary aggregates could not be broken into single nano-particles. The temperature and the pH affect de-aggregation kinetics but do not alter de-aggregation pattern. Increasing pH at low temperature speeds up de-aggregation, whilst increasing pH at high temperature slows down de-aggregation process.     

纳米颗粒的超导转变温度

首次给出一组适合声子特点的共轭复量子数算符,由此建立声子的量子算符代数理论,根据该理论得到声子的量子化能量、纳米颗粒的晶格点阵热容和纳米颗粒的超导转变温度的具体表示。结果表明,声子的量子化能量、纳米颗粒的晶格点阵热容和纳米颗粒的超导转变温度均与声子的量子尺寸、状态量子数及时间量子数有关。     

纳米杂化聚酰亚胺薄膜制备方法的研究进展

概述了纳米杂化聚酰亚胺薄膜的主要特点,分别介绍了采用共混法、溶胶-凝胶法、原位聚合法和插层复合法等方法制备PI薄膜的方法及其性能,分析了各种改性技术存在的问题,并对纳米杂化PI薄膜的发展趋势进行了展望.     

Role of the Initial Formation of the Iron Nano-Particles in the Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Growth Process

Careful preparation of the iron nano-particle catalyst for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) fabrication has crucial importance for initial growth of multi-wall carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs). Thin iron layer was thermally deposited in a high vacuum onto the surface of the SiO2/Si wafer at about 300 K. The sample was heated up to 700℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then the sample was heated once again at750℃ in ethylene atmosphere. After hydrogen treatment continuous Fe layer was changed into many well separated Fe nano-peaks. AFM, SEM and HR-TEM studies of deposited MWCNTs allow us to propose a growth mechanism for long, straight MWCNTs.     

Co_3O_4纳米粒子的表面接枝改性研究

以含乙烯基的硅烷偶联剂(A-151)处理Co3O4纳米粒子,在Co3O4粒子表面引入乙烯基,然后以K2S2O8为引发剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为乳化剂,采用乳液聚合,在Co3O4粒子表面接枝甲基丙烯酸丁酯,研究了影响Co3O4纳米粒子表面接枝的有关因素,并优化工艺参数。采用红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱等手段对表面接枝进行了表征。结果表明,甲基丙烯酸丁酯已经被成功地接枝到纳米Co3O4粒子的表面。热流传感器的热流灵敏度测试结果表明,Co3O4粒子表面改性后,它与硅树脂的复合涂层提高了热流传感器的热流灵敏度,相对于未处理的Co3O4粒子涂层,传感器灵敏度从0.052 mV.cm2/W提高到了0.065 mV.cm2/W。     

Deformation and failure mechanism of nano-composite coatings under nano-indentation

Two nano-composite coatings based on nc-TiC particles in an a-C:H matrix are deposited via closed-field unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering. The compositions of the coatings are varied by changing the acetylene gas flow during the depositions. A Cr/Cr–Ti/Ti–TiC graded interlayer is introduced between substrate and coating. Electron probe micro-analyses (EPMA) show that the Ti content of the coatings varies between 31.7 and 11.5 at.%. The coatings exhibit a hardness (H) of 20.0 and 15.7 GPa, and a Young's modulus (E) of 229.4 and 136.6 GPa, respectively, as measured through nano-indentations. Cube corner indentations are performed to probe the fracture toughness of the coatings through the determination of critical indentation loads (L_r) at which radial cracks start to propagate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and energy-filtered TEM are employed to characterize the coatings nanostructures. The variation in Ti content is accompanied by a variation in TiC particle size and volumetric fraction, as well as a change in the columnar structure of the coatings. A focus ion beam (FIB) slicing technique is employed to prepare samples from nano-indented locations of coated Silicon and stainless steel (SS) substrates. TEM inspection of the FIB sliced samples determines that the most brittle phase in the coating is the C-enriched columnar boundary, and identifies the location of failure within the interlayer. As a consequence of the different nanostructure, the coatings exhibit different elastic recovery properties and toughness.