A novel multi-focus image fusion method based on distributed compressed sensing

Multi-focus image fusion aims to produce an all-in-focus image by merging multiple partially focused images of the same scene. The main work is identifying the focused region and then composing all the focused regions. In this paper, a novel efficient multi-focus image fusion method based on distributed compressed sensing (DCS) is proposed. Firstly, the low-frequency and high-frequency images are obtained by comparing the variance of the source images, which are further utilized to get the low-frequency and high-frequency dictionaries. Secondly, DCS using joint sparsity model-1 (JSM-1) is applied to reconstruct the precise high-frequency images. Thirdly, the decision map is obtained based on all the high-frequency images and then improved by the morphological processing. Finally, the focused pixels are chosen from the source images through the decision map. Experimental results indicate that the proposed DCS-based method can be competitive with or even outperform some state-of-the-art methods in terms of both visual and quantitative metric evaluations.     

Towards secure cyber-physical information association for parts

Counterfeiting is a significant problem for safety-critical systems, since cyber-information, such as a quality control certification, may be passed off with a flawed counterfeit part. Safety-critical systems, such as planes, are at risk because cyber-information cannot be provably tied to a specific physical part instance (e.g., impeller). This paper presents promising initial work showing that using piezoelectric sensors to measure impedance identities of parts may serve as a physically unclonable function that can produce unclonable part instance identities. When one of these impedance identities is combined with cyber-information and signed using existing public key infrastructure approaches, it creates a provable binding of cyber-information to a specific part instance. Our initial results from experimentation with traditionally and additively manufactured parts indicate that it will be extremely expensive and improbable for an attacker to counterfeit a part that replicates the impedance signature of a legitimate part.     

基于PMAC的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制系统设计

航空结构件是航空飞行器中的重要组成部分，航空结构件的自动化柔性工装质量直接影响航空飞行器的飞行安全水平。为降低系统位置和姿态控制误差，减小航空结构件的磨损面积，设计了基于PMAC的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制系统。采用PMAC运动控制器，接收电子部件的反馈信号，控制步进电机、直流电机和交流电机。结合工控机、定位器、伺服电机和分布式通信网络，完成硬件系统的设计。根据航空结构件柔性工装操作设备的组成结构和工作原理，构建相应模型。确定航空结构件在目标曲面上的柔性工装位置，从移动位置和装配力两个方面，计算柔性工装控制量。在PMAC控制器的作用下，通过位姿的调整实现系统的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制功能。系统测试结果表明，设计分布式控制系统的位置和姿态控制误差分别降低了13cm和0.32°，且设计系统控制下航空结构件的磨损面积较小。     

Distributed-observer-based cooperative control for synchronization of linear discrete-time multi-agent systems

This paper considers output synchronization of discrete-time multi-agent systems with directed communication topologies. The directed communication graph contains a spanning tree and the exosystem as its root. Distributed observer-based consensus protocols are proposed, based on the relative outputs of neighboring agents. A multi-step algorithm is presented to construct the observer-based protocols. In light of the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation and internal model principle, synchronization problem is completed. At last, numerical simulation is provided to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

Buck变换器的多频率矩阵模型及其在分布式供电系统中的应用

电力电子变换器是频域内典型的单输入多输出系统,当输入某一频率的扰动信号时,变换器各状态变量既包含扰动频率分量,也包含与扰动相关的边带频率成分。在包含多个电力电子变换器的分布式供电系统中,一个变换器的开关纹波为另一个变换器的扰动,这种相互作用在某些情况下可能会导致母线电压差频振荡从而影响系统电能质量。然而,传统小信号模型以单个变换器的分析和设计为背景提出,主要用于描述变换器的低频特性。由于这些模型忽略了开关变换器的很多固有特性,因此不能准确地分析上述变换器之间在开关频率附近的相互作用。为此,提出了一种新的矩阵小信号模型并以Buck变换器为例进行了详细的说明。该模型可以准确地描述变换器的单输入多输出特性,并解释分布式供电系统中电力电子变换器相互作用导致的母线电压差频振荡现象。对比结果表明,传统的平均小信号模型和多频率小信号模型都是所提出的矩阵模型在不同情况下的近似。仿真和实验结果证明了所提模型的准确性和有效性。     

复杂有源配电网供电路径快速优化

配电网络结构日益复杂化以及分布式电源广泛接入带来的不确定性,增加了配电网供电路径优化的难度,传统配电网重构方法很难满足其快速性要求。针对风机、光伏出力的波动性,在构造的概率场景模型基础上,基于时间尺度进行出力分割,并利用无重复生成树策略对复杂搜索空间进行简化,避免重复性辐射型校验,减少解空间的冗余度,采取改进的编码策略以及改进的教学优化算法对重构模型进行求解,提高搜索的速度和全局寻优能力。算例分析证明了所提方法的快速性和有效性。     

A Solid State Transformer model for power flow calculations

This paper presents the implementation of a Solid State Transformer (SST) model in OpenDSS. The goal is to develop a SST model that could be useful for assessing the impact that the replacement of the conventional iron-and-copper transformer with the SST can have on the distribution system performance. Test distribution systems of different characteristics and size have been simulated during different time periods. The simulations have been carried out assuming voltage-dependent loads and considering that power flow through either the HV/MV substation transformer or any of the MV/LV distribution transformers can be bidirectional. Simulation results prove that a positive impact should be expected on voltages at both MV and LV levels, but the efficiency of current SST designs should be improved.     

Distributed cooperative synchronization strategy for multi-bus microgrids

Microgrids can operate in both grid-connected mode and islanded mode. In order to smooth transfer from islanded mode to grid-connected mode, it is necessary to synchronize the point of common coupling (PCC) with main utility grid (UG) in voltage frequency, phase and amplitude. Conventional synchronization methods based on centralized communication are very costly and not suitable for multi-bus microgrids that have a large number of distributed generators (DGs). To address this concern, this study presents an active synchronization control strategy based on distributed cooperation technology for multi-bus microgrids. The proposed method can reconnect the microgrid in island to UG seamlessly with sparse communication channels. Synchronization correction signals are generated by a voltage controller, which are only transmitted to the leader DGs. Meanwhile, each DG exchanges information with its neighbors. Finally, the voltage of PCC will synchronize with the main grid and all DGs will achieve the consensus behaviors. Compared with traditional synchronization methods, the proposed method does not need complex communication networks and improves flexibility and redundancy. Even if the distributed communication breaks down, the primary droop control can still operate robustly. Small signal model of entire system is developed to adjust the parameters of distributed active synchronization controller. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Eigenanalysis-based small signal stability of the system of coupled sustainable microgrids

Until now, microgrids were assumed to operate either in grid-connected or islanded modes. As a third alternative, neighboring microgrids may interconnect to support each other during faults in a section of one MG, or in the course of overloading. They may also interconnect to reduce the cost of electricity generation in their systems. Thereby, a microgrid will experience a significant transformation in its structure, when coupled with one or more neighboring microgrids. Before the formation of the system of coupled microgrids, the stability of the new system is vital to be cautiously examined to intercept the transformation, if instability is to occur. An eigenanalysis-based small signal stability evaluation technique is developed in this paper which can be used to allow/deny the interconnection of the microgrids. The analysis also defines the suitable range of control parameters for the energy resources of the CMG to guarantee the stability of the new system, if it was determined unstable. Numerical analyses, realized in MATLAB, are performed for the interconnection of a few sample microgrids. The accuracy of the developed technique is validated by comparing its results with the time-domain performance of the similar system, realized in PSCAD/EMTDC.