Ultrasound treatment on tailings to enhance copper flotation recovery

As ore grades fall, the amount of tailings production for the same copper production is expected to rise. Flotation recovery of copper sulfide from the El Teniente plant has deteriorated in recent years, in this regard ultrasound treatment of tailings for enhanced copper recovery was evaluated in laboratory experiments. The impact of the ultrasound wave was examined under different conditions, with the conclusion that improved recovery occurs when ultrasound is applied during conditioning and flotation. The results can be explained by the effect of acoustic cavitation that cleans particle surfaces and minimizes slime coatings, facilitating the action of the reagents. In this way, improvement in copper recovery of up to 3.5% were obtained.     

磁铁尾矿与石灰石双掺生产优质水泥

受环保压力影响，西乡公司生产水泥用河道淤沙供应紧张，难以满足生产需求且价格上涨幅度较大，严重影响到水泥生产及成本，我们开展了磁铁尾矿在水泥中的应用研究工作，通过连续几个月的生产实践，对物料配比优化，磨机技术改造，实现利用磁铁尾矿与石灰石双掺解决混合材紧缺问题，降低了水泥生产成本，水泥质量及性能稳定。     

从浮选尾矿中回收含金黄铁矿实践

对河南金源金矿浮选尾矿采用螺旋溜槽粗选、摇床精选重选工艺进行二次回收,得到含金硫精矿,取得了较好的经济效益,每年可为企业获得约1 660万元利润。     

Utilisation of iron ore mine tailings for the production of geopolymer bricks

This study presents a methodology for making bricks, in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner, using the tailings produced from iron ore mines in Western Australia (WA). The study was based on the geopolymerisation process, which is known to conserve energy by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. The reduction is accomplished by avoiding the processes of high temperature kiln firing, traditionally utilised when making bricks from sandy soils with high clay content. In this study, the sodium silicate was added to the mine tailings in powder form, as an activator for the formulation of the geopolymer bricks. The effects of the initial setting time, curing temperature, curing time and activator content on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water absorption and other durability properties of the bricks were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to investigate the phase composition of the geopolymer bricks. The bricks achieved an UCS as high as 50.53 MPa for the optimum values of the parameters. Technically, the geopolymer bricks that were produced met both the American Society of Testing and Materials and the Australian Standards (AS) requirements for bricks. A cost analysis of the geopolymer bricks is also presented, and this shows that the cost of geopolymer bricks is lower than that of the commercial, fired clay bricks.     

某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源化利用

承德市某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿钛含量较高,潜在回收价值可观。采用化学分析、XRD衍射分析、粒度分析、矿物解离分析仪(MLA)等手段研究了该尾矿的矿物学特性及钛的赋存状态。在工艺矿物学研究基础上,通过试验研究确立了重选短流程回收钛、选钛尾矿差异化分级利用的综合利用技术工艺,获得含TiO234.60%、回收率53.43%的钛铁矿精矿以及产率66.22%的建筑用商品砂,实现了铁尾矿的资源化综合回收利用,有助于矿山与社会环境和谐发展。     

基于FLUENT的全尾砂充填管道输送模拟试验与分析

以大红山铜矿为实例,运用FLUENT软件对全尾砂管道输送进行数值模拟和分析。在充填料浆力学参数基础上建立了数学模型,分别分析了充填料浆的浓度、流速、管径3个因素对管道输送的影响状况,最后选出最优参数。分析结果与大红山铜矿的实际相符合,同时表明FLUENT软件可以用来模拟计算矿山充填管道输送。模拟试验方法可为其他类似矿山参考借鉴。     

Chemical and Mineral Analysis of Flotation Tailings from Stratiform Copper Ore from Lubin Concentrator Plant (SW Poland)

ABSTRACT

The study involved the chemical and mineralogical analysis of actual tailings production from Lubin Concentrator Plant (KGHM Polska Miedz SA Group). KGHM Polska Miedz SA Group is the world’s leading company that mines and processes sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits in SW Poland. From the beginning of copper ore mining, the problem of utilization and managing the deposited tailings has been discussed. Annually, all three concentrators produce above 30 million tons of flotation tailings. Lubin Concentrator Plant processes the most complex in upgradeability ore from the other two concentrators. The total loss of copper-bearing minerals in 0.020–0.071 mm size fraction was found to be 52%. The analysis of liberation showed that in fines (–0.020 mm) over 50% of sulfides is released while the amount of totally locked sulfides in the sample constitutes for 65%. The main cause of significant decline in the finest fractions should be attributed to inappropriate flotation time or too low collector dose. Insufficient liberation of sulfides in the coarser fractions can be a reason for the loss of copper in these fractions. The presented results of final tailings confirm the main cause of metal losses in tailings to be very complex mineral properties.     

碱激发铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料研究

为研究某铜镍矿产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣大宗量处置技术,基于铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料的可行性和技术工艺,本研究开展了冶炼渣粉磨试验和激光粒度分析、基于冶炼渣的碱激发胶凝材料配比正交试验、充填体试块单轴抗压强度试验、充填体试块及胶凝材料净浆试块SEM测试,结果表明:该铜镍矿冶炼厂产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣有一定的火山灰活性,但其火山灰活性较低;实验室配制的碱激发剂对该铜镍水淬冶炼渣激发作用不明显;该冶炼渣的最佳粉磨时间为50min,D(0.5)为28μm。在普通硅酸盐水泥为主要胶凝材料的碱性充填料浆中,冶炼渣的掺入引起了钙矾石生成量的增加,随着粉磨冶炼渣粒径的减小,冶炼渣颗粒表面的溶蚀现象越来越明显。     

涡流技术在降低水煤浆燃烧产物中有毒物质的应用

为了在试验台和半工业性试验时,确定水煤浆燃烧过程中释放的气体中有害气体的质量浓度,采用涡流燃烧工艺,对水煤浆燃烧时释放气体的成分进行了试验研究。结果表明:采用涡流燃烧工艺,由于化学不完全燃烧减少,气体释放物中的CO含量随燃烧室温度提高而降低,NOx含量甚至低于标准值。这主要是因为涡流燃烧室燃料燃烧温度相对不高;喷射水煤浆的颗粒在燃烧层停留时间长,可以完全燃烧。该水煤浆燃烧工艺可以减少有害物质向大气的释放。     

Geopolymerization reaction,microstructure and simulation of metakaolin-based geopolymers at extended Si/Al ratios

Metakaolin-based geopolymers were synthesized at Si/Al ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by using silica fume as silica corrector to alter Si ratios. The microstructure and strength of these geopolymers were characterized through XRD, SEM, NMR and compressive strength measurements. The dissolving rates of Al and Si species in geopolymerization were measured, and freeze-dried N-A-S-H gel was characterized by FTIR spectra. Modelling and simulation were employed to calculate the binding energy of one Si atom and the total energy of geopolymers formed at various Si/Al ratios. At Si/Al ratio of 2:1, high concentrations of Si and Al species are dissolved from precursors, high contents of Si-O-T linkages are formed and the geopolymer is of high compressive strength. The mechanical strength of geopolymers at various Si/Al ratios is dependent on the formation of N-A-S-H gel, rather than the zeolitic nuclei or silicate derivatives. This study might provide fundamentals for the geopolymerization of mine tailings, which usually possess high Si/Al ratios.