An overview of the enzyme potential in bioenergy‐producing biorefineries

Biorefineries are considered as an integrative thinking that focuses on the possibility of obtaining as many added‐value products as technically and economically feasible. However, in practice most biorefineries comprise only enzymatic or chemical pretreatment followed by biofuel generation. The drop in oil prices may menace the development of this young industry, as has happened before in history. This has become a fundamental reason for which the biofuel industry should not consider only biofuels production, but enzyme and non‐fuel based chemicals as well. Hence, this work aims at overviewing the most important enzymes involved in biotechnological processes and to describe their role in biorefineries. Bioethanol, biogas and biodiesel biorefineries are overviewed, along with the integrated and industrial types. Finally separation and purification processes in biorefineries are discussed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

Integrated furfural production as a renewable fuel and chemical platform from lignocellulosic biomass

Furfural is a natural precursor to furan‐based chemicals and has the potential to become a major renewable platform chemical for the production of biochemicals and biofuels. However, current industrial furfural production relies on relatively old and inefficient strategies that have hindered its capacity, and low production yields have strongly diminished its competitiveness with petroleum‐based alternatives in the global market. This mini‐review provides a critical analysis of past and current progress to enhance furfural production from lignocellulosic biomass. First, important chemical and fuel products derived from the catalytic conversion of furfural are outlined. We then discuss the importance of developing integrated production strategies to co‐produce furfural with other valuable chemicals. Furfural formation and loss chemistries are explored to understand effective methods to improve furfural yields from pentosans. Finally, selected relevant commercial and academic technologies that promise to improve lignocellulosic furfural production are discussed. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于半纤维素和木质素的水凝胶研究进展

作为“生物炼制”的原料,木质纤维素中的纤维素成分可为人类生产生物燃料和化学品,但其中的半纤维素和木质素成分未能有效利用.由于高分子骨架上含有大量亲水性基团,半纤维素和木质素可以转化为用途广泛的水凝胶材料.这样不仅可消除环境污染,减少资源浪费,还可以有效地降低纤维素生物燃料或者化学品的成本.综述了基于半纤维素和木质素的水...     

生物精炼含义的演绎

森林工业的生物精炼化是整个世界生物质利用中最大、最重要的组成部分,而制浆造纸业又是森林工业生物精炼化必然的基石和承受者。世界生物质精炼化将大大改善人类赖以生存的环境,提高人类的生活质量。本文主要介绍了生物精炼的定义、分类、处理方法、产成品等,并简述了生物精炼的一些新工业化成果。     

生物质精炼技术与制浆造纸的结合

生物质精炼技术发展与应用是对传统制浆造纸产业转变发展方式的变革与创新,对造纸行业可持续发展具有战略意义。文章主要介绍了部分制浆造纸生物质精炼技术,包括半纤维素的分离纯化及利用、纤维素的高值化利用、黑液中木质素的分离提纯与利用、黑液气化等。     

有机酸法玉米秸秆皮浆短流程TCF漂白特性

选择短流程漂白技术对有机酸法玉米秸秆皮浆(OABCSRP)进行漂白,研究了碱处理(E)、压力H2O2(PO)和H2O2(P)及其组合漂白工艺对OABCSRP浆特性的影响。结果表明,碱处理对OABCSRP浆脱木素选择性高,是后续漂白的重要基础,当用碱量4.0%时,浆的得率为95.4%、脱木素率为23.5%、黏度为115 mPa.s、亮度为44.2%;短流程E(PO)漂白可作为中高白度文化用纸浆料的漂白,在E段用碱量4.0%、PO段H2O2用量为2.0%时,可获得得率87.6%、黏度53.5 mPa.s、亮度79.9%的漂白浆,E(PO)漂白浆具有较好的打浆和纸张性能;短流程E(PO)P漂白在H2O2总用量为2.5%时,可获得得率为86.4%、黏度为59.6 mPa.s、亮度为82.7%的漂白浆。     

菊粉酶的研究进展

菊粉酶是一类能水解β-2,1-D-果聚糖果糖苷键的水解酶,属于糖苷水解酶32家族。菊粉酶是菊芋生物炼制中的关键酶,它能将菊芋一步水解,获得高纯度的果糖浆,生产燃料乙醇、燃料丁醇、单细胞油脂、生物柴油、甘露醇和乳酸等其它工业产品,在食品、医药及生物能源等领域有着巨大的应用价值。该文介绍了菊粉的分子结构及来源,概述了菊粉酶的分类、来源、克隆表达、三维结构及应用,并对菊粉酶的未来发展方向进行了展望,旨在提高人们对菊粉酶的认识,推动菊芋生物炼制的研究。