紫钨生产的亚微米级钨粉和碳化钨粉的形貌

用紫钨可以生产出亚微米级的钨粉和碳化钨粉。通过不同的制样手段 ,使用透射电镜和扫描电镜研究了用紫钨生产的钨粉和碳化钨粉的形貌变化。发现钨和碳化钨粉形状复杂 ,多为树枝状或链状颗粒团形式 ,碳化钨粉中有较多的晶体缺陷。     

镁合金脉冲阳极氧化工艺

采用正交实验对镁合金在碱性环保型溶液的脉冲阳极氧化工艺进行了研究,分析了周期、占空比、电流密度、溶液温度、氧化时间等工艺参数对氧化膜层性能的影响,得出了最佳工艺为周期10 m s、占空比0.05、电流密度100 mA/cm2、温度40℃。采用扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射、电化学等多种测试方法对氧化膜层的性能、组分、形貌、结构以及耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,该工艺能在镁合金表面形成灰白色的氧化膜层,膜层光滑致密,与基体结合牢固。氧化膜微观为均匀多孔结构,孔径也小于直流成膜,氧化膜主要由MgO和MgA l2O4组成,膜层耐腐蚀和结合力优于传统的直流工艺制备的膜层。     

Effects of yttrium on recrystallization and grain growth of Mg-4.9Zn-0.7Zr alloy

Recrystallization and grain growth in Mg-4.9Zn-0.7Zr and Mg-4.9Zn-0.9Y-0.7Zr alloys as a function of temperature on deformation were investigated with regards to hot rolling and annealing. The influence of yttrium addition on the microstructure was examined by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, optical microscopy （OM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results indicated that yttrium addition promoted nucleation of recrystallization during hot rolling process. The grain size of Mg-4.9Zn-0.7Zr alloy samples grew significantly with annealing temperature （300-400 ℃） and holding time （0-120 min）, while the microstructure of the alloy with yttrium addition remained unchanged and fine. The activation energy of grain boundary migration for Mg-4.9Zn-0.9Y-0.7Zr alloy samples （56.34 kJ/mol） was higher than that for Mg-4.9Zn-0.7Zr （42.66 kJ/mol） owing to the pinning effect of Y-containing particles. The proposed growth models of recrysta/lized grains for the two studied alloys conformed well to E. Robert＇s grain-growth equation. Besides, the ultimate strength and yield strength of the alloys with yttrium addition were improved with good plasticity.     

Effect of rare earth doping on thermo-physical properties of lanthanum zirconate ceramic for thermal barrier coatings

The effect of rare earth doping on thermo-physical properties of lanthanum zirconate was investigated. Oxide powders of various compositions La2Zr2O7 were synthesized by coprecipitation-calcination method. High-temperature dilatometer, DSC, and laser thermal diffusivity methods were used to analyze thermal expansion coefficient （TEC）, specific heat, and thermal diffusivity. The results showed that CeO2 doped pyrochlores La2（Zr1.8Ce0.2）2O7 and La1.7（DyNd）0.15（Zr0.8Ce0.2）2O7 had higher TEC than La2Zr2O7 and La1.7Dy0.3Zr2O7. La2（Zr1.8Ce0.2）2O7, La1.7Dy0.3Zr2O7, and La1.7（DyNd）0.15（Zr0.8Ce0.2）2O7 had lower thermal conductivity than undoped La2Zr2O7. The Dy2O3, Nd2O3, and CeO2 codoped composition showed the lowest thermal conductivity and the highest TEC. Thermo-physical results also indicated that TEC of rare earth oxide doped La2Zr2O7 ceramic was slightly higher than that of conventional ZrO2-8Wt.% Y2O3 （8YSZ）, and its thermal conductivity was lower than that of 8YSZ.     

高能球磨制备纳米掺La硬质合金粉末

用XRD、SEM和DTA等分析检测手段，研究了高能球磨过程中，掺La硬质合金粉末的结构、形貌和相的变化。结果表明：微量La的加入，有利于硬质合金粉末晶粒的细化；高能球磨10h，即可获得晶粒度为30nm的掺La硬质合金粉末；高能球磨20h,Co相的X－ray衍射峰消失，说明Co相已完全固溶或亚固溶于WC相中。高能球磨30h，可获得晶粒度约10nm的掺La硬质合金粉末。DTA分析表明，与高能球磨前的粉末相比，在300－600℃温度范围内加热时，高能球磨掺La硬质合金粉末出现了明显的结构弛豫，说明粉末晶粒内部产生了许多缺陷，如：内应力、位错、晶格畸变等。     

稀土复合氧化物陶瓷热导率理论及其热物性能

综述了稀土复合氧化物陶瓷热导率理论的发展情况和热物性能方面的研究现状,介绍了材料热导率的影响因素,分析了材料微结构对热导率的影响,总结了具有A2B2O7通式的烧绿石型和萤石型稀土复合氧化物的热物性能,以及掺杂对其热导率和热膨胀系数的影响.     

微量稀土Nd对AZ91微观组织及腐蚀性能的影响

采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(sEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、集气法、动电位极化及浸泡实验等手段和方法研究了添加微量稀土元素钕(Nd)对AZ91镁合金微观组织及耐蚀性的影响,并从热力学角度分析了Nd对提高合金耐蚀性的影响机制.结果表明.少量稀土Nd细化了合金的微观组织,使β-Mg17Al12相变得断续、弥散,生成了Al3Nd相及Mg-Al-Mn-Nd-Fe金属问化合物;稀土Nd使合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位升高,且与Al、O生成了不连续的致密的氧化膜,提高了合金的耐腐蚀性能;添加1.0wt%Nd时合金的耐蚀性最佳,腐蚀速率为0.28 mg·cm-2·d-1,比AZ91合金下降了一个数量级.     

低钴WC-Co合金的真空烧结

一、引言自从本世纪60年代以来,国内外对WC-Co硬质合金的真空烧结技术进行了比较广泛构研究,其真空度多数在1～10Pa,最低在100Pa。     

TA15钛合金高温氧化行为

研究TA15钛合金在750~950℃,空气中氧化1~150 h的氧化动力学规律,采用SEM、XRD及EPMA测试技术分析该合金氧化层的显微组织形貌、相组成和复合结构,并对氧化膜的生成机理进行探讨。结果表明:合金在750、850和950℃温度下的氧化行为均符合抛物线规律,但在950℃以上随氧化温度的升高和保温时间的延长,氧化质量增加值持续升高,并远大于750℃和850℃时的氧化质量增加。750℃和850℃下氧化150 h后,合金氧化层结构为TiO2/Al2O3/TiO2/基体;950℃下氧化150 h后合金的氧化层结构为TiO2/Al2O3/TiO2/Al2O3/TiO2/Ti3Al/基体。