A Convenient Procedure for the Synthesis of Acetals from α‐Halo Ketones

A study for determining the scope and limitations of a procedure for synthesising ethylene acetals from haloketones is presented. The method uses 1,2‐bis(trimethylsilyloxy)ethane, BTSE, as reagent and Nafion^®‐TMS as catalyst. Two procedures have been tested: (A) stoichiometric amounts of the haloketone and BTSE and a catalytic amount of Nafion^®‐TMS were heated to reflux in chloroform solution, and (B) stoichiometric amounts of the reactants and a catalytic amount of Nafion^®‐TMS were heated to 90–100 °C in the absence of solvent. The following ketones have been tested: 2‐bromo‐1‐phenyl‐1‐ethanone, 2‐bromo‐cyclopentenone, 3‐bromo‐3‐methyl‐2‐butanone, 3‐chloro‐3‐methyl‐2‐butanone, 1‐bromo‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butanone, 1‐chloro‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butanone, 2‐bromocyclohexanone, 2‐chloro‐1‐cyclohexyl‐1‐ethanone, 1,1‐dibromo‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butanone, 1,3‐dibromo‐3‐methyl‐2‐butanone, 1,3‐dibromo‐2‐butanone, 1,3‐dibromo‐2‐propanone, 2‐chloro‐1‐phenyl‐1‐ethanone, and endo‐2‐bromocamphor. Yields were in the range 57–100% with the exceptions of endo‐2‐bromocamphor which afforded <10% yield and the dibromoketones 1,1‐dibromo‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butanone and 1,3‐dibromo‐3‐methyl‐2‐butanone for which the method failed. Factors determining the scope and limitations are briefly discussed. Full experimental details and spectroscopic data of the acetals are given.     

CO2气氛下乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯催化剂研究进展

CO2是导致全球变暖的主要温室气体，又是宝贵的可再生C1资源，将其转化为有价值的化学品，在环境保护和碳资源合理利用方面具有双重意义。作为页岩气的重要组成部分，乙烷高效催化转化制乙烯不仅具有重要的理论研究意义，而且具有广阔的工业应用前景。在CO2气氛下乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯（CO2-ODHE）已成为增产乙烯的有效手段之一。该文重点阐述了在CO2-ODHE反应中不同类型的催化剂及影响该反应催化活性和稳定性的主要因素和关键问题，并对比介绍了乙烷直接氧化脱氢（O2-ODHE）和乙烷化学链氧化脱氢（CL-ODHE）。最后，结合反应机制提出了构筑高效催化剂可能的方向和发展前景。     

Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Four‐Component Cascade Reaction: Facile Synthesis of Hexahydroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines

An efficient four‐component cascade reaction for the synthesis of trisubstituted hexahydroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines starting from readily available aldehydes, ketones and ethane‐1,2‐diamine catalyzed by p‐toluenesulfonic acid is described. Two new cycles and five new bonds are constructed with all reactants being efficiently utilized in this transformation. The mechanism of the reaction was investigated and some crucial reaction intermediates were observed.