地下工程平衡稳定理论

地下工程建设的核心,就是围岩与支护共同作用在任何状态或过程都要达到稳定平衡,确保地下工程"基本维持围岩原始状态".地下工程平衡稳定理论体系是用于实现这一目标的关键.平衡稳定理论,是理论体系的核心;减小对围岩原始结构扰动的地下工程开挖能量最小原理、对具有稳定性缺陷围岩及时支护的强预支护理论、减小连拱隧道与小净距隧道开挖相...     

The effects of electricity reforms on productivity and efficiency of China's fossil-fired power plants: An empirical analysis

This paper investigates the effects of electricity reforms on productivity and efficiency of China's generation plants, based on the third industrial census data and the first economic census data. Partial factor productivity (PFP) analysis indicates that the productivity improvements in labor and capital inputs associated with the reforms are approximately 26% and 45% respectively. The effect of the reforms on fuel expense is weakly significant, but there is evidence of significant productivity improvement in fuel usage. Further total factor productivity (TFP) analysis shows that the efficiency gain from the reforms is still significant when the substitution effect of labor and capital inputs are considered, though the magnitude is much lower than that of the PFP analysis. The effect of the reforms on technical efficiency becomes weakly significant when fuel expense is further included in TFP analysis, but a significant positive effect is expected if fuel input is measured in physical quantity.     

Alumina supported copper nanoparticles for aziridination and cyclopropanation reactions

Alumina supported copper (Cu–Al₂O₃) nanoparticles were prepared and applied for the aziridination of olefins employing [N-(p-tolylsulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane (PhI = NTs) as nitrene source to afford the corresponding 3-membered cyclic compounds in moderate to excellent yields. Cyclopropanation of several olefins was also carried out by using Cu–Al₂O₃ nanoparticles and ethyl diazoacetate as a carbene source. The catalyst was recovered by simple centrifugation and reused for four cycles.     

带支腿地下连续墙的围护效果及工程应用分析

作为一种新型围护结构形式,带支腿地下连续墙已经开始在深基坑工程中应用,但目前国内外在这个方面的研究还比较匮乏。在杭州黄龙饭店改扩建工程中,由于部分围护结构插入深度不能满足设计要求,设计中采用带支腿地下连续墙成功地解决了整幅地下连续墙不能进入中风化基岩层问题,保证了围护结构的嵌岩深度,降低了施工难度,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。针对该基坑工程实例,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,建立了单片带支腿地下连续墙作为围护结构的准三维有限元分析模型。在数值模拟中,土体采用修正剑桥模型,模拟实际开挖工况,将基坑开挖中墙体侧向位移的数值计算结果和监测数据进行了对比,分析了带支腿地下连续墙的围护效果和支腿中内插型钢的合理刚度问题。     

Characterization of vitreous enamel–steel interface by using hot stage ESEM and nano-indentation techniques

In this study, phase transformation of the vitreous enamel and the interface steel–enamel during firing was analyzed. The thermal transformation of vitreous coating on steel was observed “in situ” with an environmental scanning electron microscopy and the mechanical properties of the steel–enamel interface were studied by using a nano-indenter. The interface reactions and the resulting structure can strongly influence the adhesion mechanism between glass coatings and the metal substrate. An in-depth investigation and structural characterization was therefore performed to define the correlation between interface morphology and the final chemical and mechanical properties of the enamel–steel interface.     

注浆抗压桩破坏性静载试验分析

结合某工程桩端注浆抗压桩破坏性静载试验,通过桩身埋设钢筋应力计对各土层的平均极限侧阻值进行了分析,得到在竖向极限承载力作用下,单位侧阻的极限值比工程地质报告提供的侧阻极限值提高了2%~29%,下部土层比上部土层侧阻值增加多数要高等结论。     

栓钉锈蚀钢-混凝土组合梁有限元分析

为研究锈蚀对于钢-混凝土组合梁受负弯矩的力学性能影响,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立7个组合梁模型。通过对7个模型施加负弯矩荷载,研究锈蚀对组合梁的力学性能影响规律。分析结果表明:随着栓钉锈蚀率的增加,组合梁刚度出现明显降低;钢梁-混凝土之间的滑移增大,组合梁极限承载力呈现下降趋势,但下降程度较少。     

CFRP预应力筋增强RC梁抗弯性能研究

针对国内外配置体外CFRP筋预应力梁式构件的抗弯性能试验数据进行系统的归纳分析,研究了体外CFRP预应力筋增强混凝土桥梁构件的抗弯性能。研究表明:体外CFRP预应力筋混凝土梁的受力过程与体外预应力钢筋混凝土梁颇为相似,能大幅度提高钢筋混凝土梁的承载力,减小梁体变形和开裂程度,张拉预应力筋时梁体是否持荷以及持荷大小对其受力性能影响甚微,CFRP筋的应力增长主要出现在梁体内非预应力钢筋屈服之后。     

内张钢圈加固盾构隧道的多环有限元模拟研究

内张钢圈作为传统的管片加固方法,用以应对盾构隧道处于不良工况下出现的结构破坏和变形过大等问题。在考虑环间力的作用下,运用MIDAS GTS NX对三环盾构管片进行精细化模拟,从管片的累计横向变形、错台以及构件塑性发展情况等方面衡量内张钢圈的加固效果。研究结果表明,管片的最大变形出现在腰部,加固后管片的累计横向变形可减小50%,管片整体未进入塑性状态;管片的最大错台出现在中环邻接块和标准块的接缝处,加固后最大错台大幅减小;内张钢圈加固法可延缓管片构件进入塑性和破坏状态,且有效降低环间作用力对中环管片的影响。     

锈蚀钢筋套筒灌浆连接混凝土结合界面直剪性能试验研究

混凝土结合界面是装配式混凝土结构的薄弱环节,套筒灌浆连接混凝土结合界面直剪性能对装配式混凝土结构安全性能至关重要。设计试验研究了钢筋锈蚀对直剪荷载作用下套筒灌浆连接混凝土结合界面的裂缝开展、破坏形态、裂缝宽度-竖向相对滑移关系以及名义剪应力-竖向相对滑移关系的影响,并通过理论分析研究了钢筋锈蚀对结合界面剪应力-竖向相对滑移曲线特征参数与特征系数的影响。研究结果表明:钢筋锈蚀的发展对结合界面直剪加载过程中的裂缝发展刚度具有两个阶段影响,在加载初期,随锈蚀率增长,裂缝发展刚度下降;而在加载后期,随锈蚀率增长,裂缝发展刚度上升。钢筋锈蚀会显著降低套筒灌浆混凝土结合界面的极限剪应力和残余剪应力,当钢筋锈蚀率为3.5%和7.5%时,结合界面的极限剪应力分别下降41%和49%,残余剪应力分别下降约35%和59%。