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51.
Javad Sayyad Amin Meysam Bahadori Moonyong Lee Tomoaki Kashiwao Saeed Rafiee 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2016,34(8):703-711
In this study, two mathematical models for hydrate formation process to separate carbon dioxide by a combination of two different kinds of organic and surfactant promoters are presented. Promoters such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as surfactant promoters; also, tetrahydrofuran, cyclopentane, 1,3-dioxolane, and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran as organic promoters have been used in recent years. The results showed that a combination of 3000 ppm of surfactant promoters and 4 wt% organic promoters had the highest separation rate of carbon dioxide and; consequently, the investigated models were based on this optimum condition. As a matter of fact, by using these simulations the hydrate formation behavior was predicted with high accuracy; moreover, conducting consuming experiments is not essential anymore. To sum up, in the present research both Vandermonde matrix model and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm were applied to predict the hydrate formation behavior; in addition, their results were precisely considered and validated with experimental data. 相似文献
52.
天然气水合物以胶结形式赋存时,对深海能源土的强度和变形特性影响显著,且其影响程度与所处温度、水压与力学环境密切相关。旨在建立可考虑温(温度)-压(水压)-力(力-位移与胶结破坏准则)耦合影响的深海能源土微观胶结模型。首先,依据能源土中水合物胶结可发生于两种接触形式(直接接触与有间距)的土颗粒间,提出适用于两种胶结模式的力-位移准则和胶结破坏准则。其次,提出温压距离参数L(表示在无量纲化处理后的温度-水压坐标平面,土体所处温度与水压点到水合物相平衡线的最小距离),并依据文献资料分析,建立水合物胶结强度、刚度与参数L间的关系。最后,建立由水合物饱和度确定的粒间水合物胶结尺寸计算方法,并据此进一步建立了胶结强度与刚度同水合物饱和度间的关系。该模型可以方便地植入离散元程序,从而用于深海能源土的宏微观力学分析。 相似文献
53.
Molecular modeling is used to obtain the formation mechanism and stability of structure I methane hydrate. A simple approach is presented to reveal the formation of the characteristic cage of structure I hydrate by water molecules around the methane guest molecules after 1 ns via reducing the temperature from 400 to 275 K under canonical ensemble condition. Then, the stability of methane clathrate hydrate structure is studied during the simulation time of 200 ps. To evaluate the structure of methane hydrate, the radial distribution functions of host–host, host–guest, and guest–guest molecules are obtained. The results prove the methane hydrate formation and its stability. 相似文献
54.
The identification of affordable healing agents for cement based materials, able to promote autonomous crack healing, is a challenge to improve the durability of building structures. In this study, a thorough investigation of the reactivity between a hydrated Portland cement and sodium silicate solutions, as healing agents, has been carried out.The goal is to quantitatively assess the chemical reactivity and actual binding capacity of sodium silicate. Mechanical recovery was evaluated by means of a healing agent strength test on hydrated cement treated with sodium silicate. XRPD and Solid-state NMR allowed the definition of reaction times, the involved species, and the nature and stability of the reaction products. Highlights show that sodium silicate reacts not only with Ca(OH)2 (namely portlandite), but also with calcium aluminate phases (AFt, AFm, TAH) to extract calcium and/or aluminum ions, with the formation of crystalline/semi-crystalline C-S-H/C-A-S-H tobermorite phase. 相似文献
55.
Abolfazl Mohammadi Mehrdad Manteghian Amir H. Mohammadi Alireza Jahangiri 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2017,204(12):1420-1427
In this communication, the kinetic parameters of methane hydrate formation (induction time, quantity and rate of gas uptake, storage capacity (SC), and apparent rate constant) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), synthetized silver nanoparticles (SNPs), and mixture of SDS?+?SNPs have been studied. Experimental measurements were performed at temperature of 273.65?K and initial pressure of 7?MPa in a 460?cm3 stirred batch reactor. Our results show that adding SDS, SNPs and their mixture increases the quantity of gas uptake, water to hydrate conversion, and SC of methane hydrate formation, noticeably. Using 300?ppm SDS increases the SC and the quantity of methane uptake 615, and 770%, respectively, compared with pure water. Investigating the hydrate growth rate at the start of hydrate formation process shows that, using SNPs, SDS, and their mixture increases the initial apparent rate constant of hydrate rate, considerably. Our results show that the system of methane?+?water?+?SDS 500?ppm?+?SNPs 45?µM represents the maximum value of initial apparent rate constant, compared with other tested systems. 相似文献
56.
Thermodynamic Properties of Ionic Semiclathrate Hydrate Formed with Tetrabutylammonium Propionate 下载免费PDF全文
The phase equilibrium temperature and dissociation heat of tetrabutylammonium propionate (TBAPr) hydrate are reported. TBAPr hydrate is a type of ionic semiclathrate hydrates and also could potentially be used as thermal energy storage material. The temperature‐composition phase diagram of the TBAPr hydrate was determined in a defined range of mass fractions. Considering the dissociation heat of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, multiple peaks of heat flow were observed in the TBAPr‐water system at the TBAPr mass fraction lower than 0.35, and there was a single peak at the mass fraction higher than 0.37. 相似文献
57.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(3):564-574
ABSTRACTThe exploitation efficiency of natural gas hydrate is highly affected by sand production. In this paper, hydrocyclone purification separator was designed. A combination of single factor with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to optimize the structure parameters. The performance of optimized hydrocyclone was also investigated. It shows that the sand separation efficiency increases from 90.4% to 98.7%, and the natural gas hydrate separation efficiency increases from 89.5% to 97.8%. Furthermore, the cut size of sand and natural gas hydrate are as low as 3 and 2 µm, respectively, and separation efficiency remains above 80% under inlet parameters. It can provide some reference for the design and manufacture of the in situ purification separator for gas hydrate mixture slurry. 相似文献
58.
Sub‐seabed geological storage of CO2 in the form of gas hydrate is attractive because clathrate hydrate stably exists at low temperature and high pressure, even if a fault occurs by diastrophism like a big earthquake. For the effective design of the storage system it is necessary to model the formation of CO2‐hydrate. Here, it is assumed that the formation of gas hydrate on the interface between gas and water consists of two stages: gas diffusion through the CO2‐hydrate film and consequent CO2‐hydrate formation on the interface, between film and water. Also proposed is the presence of a fresh reaction interface, which is part of the interface between the gas and aqueous phases and not covered with CO2‐hydrate. Parameters necessary to model the hydrate formation in sand sediment are derived by comparing the results of the present numerical simulations and the measurements in the literature. 相似文献
59.
In this paper, thermodynamic optimization is applied to analyze the crystallization process of the gas hydrate related to the gas hydrate cool storage system. Thermodynamic optimization model of the gas hydrate crystallization process is established. By taking the entropy generation minimization as the optimization objective, both the optimal control strategy and the optimal cooling rate of the gas hydrate crystallization process are determined. The minimum entropy generation corresponding to the optimal cooling rate decreases by 7.8% compared with normal situation. The results presented in this paper can provide important guidelines for optimal design and operation of the gas hydrate crystallization process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
60.
天然气水合物钻井泥浆冷却系统的设计及现场应用 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
从天然气水合物赋存的温压条件入手,说明了制冷泥浆的重要性。介绍了天然气水合物钻井泥浆冷却系统的结构组成、工作原理及设计过程。进而阐述了该套系统在中国冻土区天然气水合物科学钻探施工中的应用情况。试验证明:该套系统完全达到了设计要求,并首次成功地在青藏高原木里盆地永冻区钻获天然气水合物样品。 相似文献